개념미술의 시적 변환 : 안규철 전시 <안 보이는 사랑의 나라>를 중심으로

이찬웅 이화여자대학교 이화인문과학원 2016 탈경계인문학 Vol.9 No.2

Ahn Kyuchul’s exhibition, Invisible Land of Love, can be classified as a kind of poetic conceptual art. The artist murmurs a complaint that poetry might be superior to the visual arts, because the power of an artwork is measured by the minimal use of materials for the maximal expression. In extending Sartre’s thesis on literature into the arts, we can affirm that the poetic conversion means to turn things into wild natural objects by virtue of irony. Artworks become capable of reflecting spiritual essences in breaking off relations between images and concepts that have been fixed by commercial advertisements, and the like. While the exhibition explores more and more immaterial and spiritual levels, it is the scattering voice’s pure time which is discovered in its final stage. This is an “auto-affection” in a Derridian sense. This kind of temporality is not filled with a solipsistic consciousness, but with (re)inscriptions that transmit and transcribe texts. The artwork “1000 Scribes” is constructed upon a family scene in which a son looked at the back of his father who was writing. We understand that an ancient tradition, that is to say, the Confucian formation of the humanistic subjectivity and the moral relations work in the depths of this poetic conceptual art exhibition.

기니픽에서 Salicylate에 의한 유발이음향방사의 변화

박찬일,장재웅,신광철,이오영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.2

A Reversible hearing loss and tinnitus have been known resulting from large doses or longterm use of salicylate. The exact cause of salicylate ototoxicity is unknown. Cochlear electrophysiology and otoacoustic emission studies suggest that the drug may interfere with outer hair cell clectromotility. The changes in transiently evoked otoacoustic emission(TEOAEs) were observed in guinea pigs after the intramuscular injection of salicylate(150, 300, 450 mg/kg). TEOAEs decreased slowly after the injection salicylate in a dose-dependent manner. Absence of echo response was detected 3 hours after the injection of 300mg/kg in 2 of 5 guinea pigs, 2 hours after the injection of 450mg/kg in 3 of 6 guinea pigs, 3 hours after the injection of 450mg/ kg in 3 of 6 guinea pigs. Echo response returned to control level in 6 hours after injection of 300mg/kg, in 7 hours after infection of 450 mg/kg. Findings support that salicylate affect electromotility of outer hair cells.

독립요소분석에서 누적분포함수를 사용한 신호분리

김웅명,박찬호,이현수 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 2001 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.7 No.-

In this paper, the aim is to solve blind source separation problem using ICA(Independent Component Analysis) in neural networks. ICA is method of joint entropy maximization from mixed signal(observed signal). However, when probability distribution function of unknown source signals are various, Infomax ICA can not separate the source signal from mixed signal because of using fixed activation function. Infomax ICA use To solve this problem, we use MWARP algorithm which can make adaptive activation function similar to the cumulative distribution function of source. Several experiments have been tested with three source signals uniform distribution noise, pure sinusoid and speech signal. The result shows that MWARP efficiently separates source signals.

납기지연 및 조기생산 비용을 고려한 생산일정계획

박찬웅 경원전문대학 2001 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This study presents a single machine scheduling algorithm to minimize total cost(lateness cost and earliness cost) by controlling machining speed. Generally, production scheduling uses the information of process planning and machining speed is not changed at production scheduling. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to consider the change of machining speed for efficient production scheduling. And consider the total cost as performance criteria.

개념훈련과 전략지도가 정신지체아의 문제해결 전략 일반화에 미치는 효과

박찬웅 한국정신지체아교육학회 2002 지적장애연구 Vol.4 No.-

본 연구는 정신지체아들에게 개념훈련과 전략지도가 문제해결과제에서 전략일반화에 미치는 효과를 밝히기 위해 수행되었다. 일반화는 근일반화와 원일반의 두 유형으로 나누어 수행되었다. 연구대상으로 생활연령11~14세인 정신지체아 28명을 실험집단과 통제집단으로 배치시켰으며, 실험집단에는 개념훈련과 전략지도를 30회기씩 실시하였다. 연구 결과 근일반화 검사에서 실험집단이 통제집단보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 점수를 나타냈으나, 원일반화 검사에서는 두 집단 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 연구결과를 기초로 해서 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 정신지체아에 있어 개념훈련과 전략지도는 문제해결 전략의 근일반화에 효과적이다. 둘째, 정신지체아에 있어 개념훈련과 전략지도는 문제해결 전략의 원일반화에 효과적이지 않다. 이러한 점은 정신지체아들에 있어 새로운 문제에 직면하였을 때 적절한 문제탐색과 전략을 선택하여 적용하는데는 과제에서 요구되는 전략의 구성에 대한 지식과 결과의 예측, 결과의 평가 등에 관한 상위인지와 같은 고등집행기능이 필요하다는 점을 강하게 시사한다고 하겠다. Many researches emphasized the close relationship between planing and generalization, the application of a trained strategy to a new untrained task, and demonstrated that the retarded children were capable of acquisition and maintenance of a trained strategy. The purpose of this study was to experimentally assess the effectiveness of language concepts training and strategy instruction on generalized problem solving in mentally retarded children. Twenty-eight mentally retarded children were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One was experimental group and the other was control group. Each groups consisted 14 children who were identified as educable mentally retarded. Their IQ scores ranged from 50 to 70 and mean of CA was 12.1 years. Each subject was given a pretest on number pattern completion task before training and a posttest on near and far generalization test after training session. The obtained data were analyzed by t-test. The processing for data was made using SPSS/PC+ to insure precision. The conclusions drawn from both the results and synthethical considerations was follows: Firstly, language concepts training and strategy instruction has positive effects on near generalization of mentally retarded children's problem solving. Secondly, language concepts training and strategy instruction has not positive effects on far generalization of mentally retarded children's problem solving. Results of the present study, in general, shed light on the importance of teaching effective mediators, particularly language, in enhancing independent problem solving in mentally retarded children. The positive effect of training in language concepts prior to task specific strategy training provides further support for the task analytic approach to the education of the mentally retarded.

키토산을 첨가한 콤포짓트 레진의 기계적 성질과 항균성에 관한 연구

최낙찬,모웅남,이용준 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2003 口腔生物學硏究 Vol.27 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanical and anti-microbial properties of newly prepared chitosan G for human gingival fibroblast. Compressive strength, diametral tensile strength and tensile strength of specimens of resin composite, with or without chitosan G incorporated, were measured. Using a SEM (S-4700, Hitach, Japan), pictures of microbes were taken and adherent capability of microbes to the surface of resin composite was investigated. The results were as follows; 1. The values of compressive strength, diametral tensile strength and tensile strength, composite resin containing 7㎎/㎖ chitosan G were higher than the control group(p>0.05) but composite resin containing 40 ㎎/㎖ chitosan G were either the same or lower than the control group(P<0.05) 2. The MIC of newly prepared chitosan G for S mutans KCTC 3065 and C albicans KCTC 7965 were more than 2 ㎎/㎖. 3. The adherent capability of microbes significantly decreased as the amount of chitosan G increased in the test specimens compared to the control group for C aibicans KCTC 7965 (P<0.05) but there was no statistical significance for S mutans KCTC 3065(p>0.05) . 4. The cytotoxicity of newly prepared chitosan G for human gingival fibroblast was not showed. In conclusion, resin composite with chitosan G incorporated did not show any statistically significant difference for mechanical properties (p>0.05) but it showed a significant antimicrobial effect against C albicans (P<0.05).

정신분열증 환자에서 주관적 음성증상경험의 임상적 의의

김지웅,김찬형,구민성,손석한,박진철,최문종,이은철,윤도준,이홍식 대한신경정신의학회 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.1

연구목적 : 현재까지 정신분열증의 음성증상평가는 주로 객관적인 평가에만 의존해왔기 때문에, 환자들이 주관적으로 직접 경험하는 음성증상의 평가는 경시된 경향이 있었다. 그러나 실제 많은 정신분열증 환자들은 음성증상을 자가하고 있다. 특히, 개관적인 양성 및 음성증상이 관찰되지 않는 경우에도 환자 본인은 음성증상으로 괴로워한다는 이전의 연구보고들이 있었다. 따라서 저자들은 주관적인 음성증상경험과 개관적인 양성증상 및 음성 증상, 우울증상, 불안증상, 추세외로증상과의 상관성을 알아봄으로써 정신분열증의 정신병리에 있어 주관적 음성증상의 존재를 규명하고, 정신분열증 정신병리의 발생기전을 유추해보며 이차적 음성증상과의 관계를 규명하고자 하였으며. 이러한 연구가 정신분열증 정신병리를 이해하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 뿐 아니라 환자를 공감적으로 이해하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되어 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : DSM-Ⅳ 진단기준의 정신분열증 진단기준에 해당하는 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 주관적인 음성증상의 평가를 위해서 Scale for the Subjective Experience of Negative Symptoms : Korean version(KSENS)을 이용하였고, 개관적인 정신분열증 정신병리의 평가는 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PNASS)를 이용하였다. 우울증상, 불안증상, 추세외로증상의 평가를 위해서 각각 Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAM-D), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAM-A), Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale(ESRS)을 이용하였다. 각 정신병리척도 점수간의 상관성은 Spearman 상관계수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : K-SENS 24항목 중에서 환자가 이를 불편한 것으로 경험하고 있는 항목의 비율과 PANSS 양성척도점수 사이에는 유의한 상관점이 있었으며 (r=-0.40, p〈0.05), 양성증상 중에서도 특히 과대성(r=-0.46, p〈0.05), 의심/피해(r=-0.34, p〈0.05), 적개심(r=-0.52, p〈0.05) 등의 증상과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. K-SENS 24 항목 중에서 환자가 이를 불편한 것으로 경험하고 있는 항목의 비율과 PANSS 전체점수(r=-0.25, p〉0.05), PANSS 음성척도점수(r=-0.20, p〉0.05), PANSS 일반정신병리척도(r=-0.08, p〉0.05),와는 각각 유의한 상관성이 없었다. K-SENS 24항목 중에서 환자가 이를 불편한 것으로 경험하고 있는 항목의 비율과 HAM-D 점수(r=-0.01, p〉0.05), HAM-A 점수(r=-0.11, p〉0.05), ESRS 총점(r=0.34, p〉0.05)은 각각 유의한 상관성이 없었다. 결 론 : 본 연구결과에서, 정신분열증 환자들이 불편한 것으로 경험하는 주관적 음성증상과 과대성, 의심/피해, 적개심 같은 양성증상은 역상관관계가 있었으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 양성증상이 주관적으로 불편하게 느끼는 음성증상에 대한 가능성과, 혹은 양성증상이 심할 경우, 이에 압도되어 음성증상을 주관적으로 느끼지 못할 수 있다는 가능성이 시사되었으며, 향후 종적인 연구를 통해 이를 규명해 볼 필요성이 제시되었다. 주관적인 음성증상경험과 우울증상, 불안증상, 추세외로 증상과는 상관성이 없는 것으로 나타나서 이들 증상과는 독립적인 증상임을 시사한다. Objective : Since the evaluation of negative symptoms has depended on the clinician's objective observation, the patients subjective experience of negative symptoms has been neglected. However, in fact, a lot of patients are aware of their negative symptoms. There are several reported suggesting that patients suffer from the subjective experiences of their deficit symptoms, even though the objective positive and negative symptoms cannot be observed. Under these circumstances, we have attempted this study with the idea that it would be helpful in understanding the psychopathology of schizophrenia. Also it would help clarifying the relationship between subjective experience of negative symptoms and objectives positive and negative symptoms, depression anxiety symptoms, and extrapyramidal symptoms. Method : All the 37 patients satisfied the diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅵ for schizophrenia. The subjective experiences of negative symptoms were evaluated using Scale for the Subjective Experience of Negative Symptoms : Korean version(KSENS), and for the depression, anxiety, extrapyramidal symptoms, we used Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAM-D), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAM-A), and Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale(ESRS). The correlation between each psychopathology was tested by calculating Spearman correlation coefficient. Results : There was a significant correlation between the ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS, and the score of PANSS positive subscale(γ=-0.40, p〈0.05), Among the positive symptoms, grandiosity(γ=-0.46, p〈0.05), suspiciousnes/persecution(γ=-0.34, p〈0.05), and hostility(γ=-0.52, p〈0.05) showed a significant correlation with the ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS. There was no significant correlation between the ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS, and PANSS total score(γ=-0.25, p〉0.05), or negative subscale score(γ=-0.20, p〉0.05), or general psychology subscale score(γ=-0.08, p〉0.05), respectively. There was no significant correlation between ratio of items experienced as uncomfortable symptoms among 24 items of K-SENS, and HAM-D(γ=-0.01, p〉0.05), or HAM-A(γ=-0.11, p〉0.05), ESRS(γ=0.34, p〉0.05), respectively. Conclusion : These revealed that the negative correlation between the subjective negative symptoms experienced as an uncomfortable ones and the objective symptoms such as grandiosity, suspiciousness/persecution, and hostility. From these results, the possibility that positive symptoms are used as a defense to hide from the negative symptoms because they are overwhelmed by their positive symptoms, is suggested. These results also suggest that subjective experiences of negative symptoms are independent from depression, anxiety and extrapyramidal symptoms.

‘기’(氣)와 ‘리’(理)의 여행 : 중국 고대 회화에서 들뢰즈의 영화철학까지

이찬웅 이화여자대학교 이화인문과학원 2011 탈경계 인문학 Vol.4 No.3

This article traces the journey of two Chinese concepts, qi(氣) and li(理), from the brushstrokes of ancient Chinese paintings to Deleuze’s philosophy of the cinema. Interestingly, these abstract concepts take a concrete form when translated into French. As we can see through François Cheng’s translation, qi turns into “souffles vitaux” (vital breaths), and li turns into “ligne d’univers” (line of universe). Henri Maldiney, a French phenomenological aesthetician, employs these Chinese concepts in order to develop an “aesthetics of rhythms” that focuses on the process itself in the artistic creation rather than its result. Thus, Maldiney’s aesthetics values the Chinese brush and its dynamic movement in East Asian art. These concepts allowed Deleuze to reformulate two forms of the action-image, namely the “big form” and the “small form,” in assigning the two East Asian concepts to them. He used these concepts to explain the structure of Japanese films, namely those of Kurosawa and Mizoguchi.

초등학교 5학년 실과 『우리 생활과 전기·전자』 단원의 ICT활용 교수-학습과정안 개발

이찬웅,김진수 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 2002 實科敎育硏究 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to raise the effectiveness of learning and teaching through developing lesson plans based on ICT for electrical · electronic units in elementary practical arts of 5th grade at elementary school in the 7th national curriculum. This study was conducted by dividing into four stage(the analysis stage, the design stage, the development stage, the evaluation stage) for this purpose. For the analysis stage, after the units required to develop were selected and teaching objectives were identified, objects that lesson plans based on ICT were applied to and teaching-learning setting were grasped and the learners' final behaviors were described in detail and the content analysis were systematized. For the design stage, teaching guidance based on ICT for accomplishing learning objectives was made and its application to elementary practical arts education was invested. For the development stage, Power-Point 2000 as the writing tool which is easy to make out, correct, and edit their presentation was used. For the evaluation stage, After self evaluation and expert evaluation were conducted to identify the problems and content's errors of the developed lesson plans based on ICT, lesson plans were corrected, made up for, and completed by their results. The results of this study tested by the experts were as follows : As these lesson plans were gotten the positive marks more than the average in the three domains of the teaching plan domain, the teaching process domain, and the evaluation & the rest, it showed that they were effective materials giving a high learning drive. According to this, lesson plans based on ICT as materials to raise teaching-learning effectiveness are required.

필기체 숫자인식의 최적 신경망 구조 설계를 위한 개선된 유전자 알고리즘

박찬란,김향태,정재영,위승정,최봉한,최호진,이웅기 조선대학교 통계연구소 1999 統計硏究所論文誌 Vol.1 No.1

본 논문에서는 필기체 숫자인식의 최적 신경망 구조 설계를 위하여 유전자 알고리즘과 역전파 알고리즘을 병합하는 방법을 이용하였으며, 유전자 알고리즘은 유전인자의 역할에 따라 독립적으로 적응하는 개선된 선택, 교배, 돌연변이 연산자를 제안하였다. 실험결과는 유전인자의 역할에 적응하는 개선된 연산자들의 실행으로 최적의 신경망 구조를 설계하였고, 설계된 신경망 구조에서의 학습이 가장 좋은 성능을 나타내었다. In this study, the method of using both genetic algorithm and back propagation is proposed to design the structure of optimal neural network recognizing handwritten digits. Improved selection, crossover and mutation operator which can control the genetic algorithm independently according to the role of gene are used in the proposed method. Simulation result shows that the neural network of this method can search effectively the optimal hidden node numbers, connection weight, learning rate and the momentum because of above proposed operators.