전기응집에 의한 도금폐수 처리의 최적화

이찬원,양기섭,윤재일,박영배 경남대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 환경연구 Vol.21 No.-

The zinc containing wastewater from the metal finishing industry was treated by electro-coagulation system. The zine was effectively removed with removal efficiency ranging from 95 to 99%. The operation of the system was conducted to find out the optimum conditions to reduce bleaching out effect from plate, changing important parameters such as reactor plate select, flow rate, pass, amperage and settling time, along with a consideration of O&M costs for the electro-coagulation system. The most effective and economical conditions was concluded to be a combination of Fe plate 1.0 L/min of flow rate, 5 pass, 15 amperage and 30 min settling. The copper plating wastewater was also effectively treated with 94% removal effectively under this optimum condition.

2¼Cr-1Mo강 압력용기 용접이음부의 재열균열에 관한 역학적 연구

권영섭,노찬승,방한서 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 1999 機械技術硏究 Vol.2 No.2

구조물에 사용되는 각종 압력용기들의 재질은 고온 및 고압에 견딜 수 있도록 요구되고 있다. 따라서, 내열, 내압 및 내부식성이 뛰어난 2¼Cr-1Mo강의 수요가 향후 증대될 전망이다 용접잔류응력은 일반적으로 응접구조물에 각종 악영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 때문에 용접잔류응력. 확산성 수소제거 및 용접 열영향부의 연화등을 목적으로 용접후열처리(PWHT)를 수행하나, PWHT를 행하면 사용 강재의 종류에 따라 재열균열이 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2¼Cr-1Mo강에 대하여 실험과 수치해석 기법을 통하여 용접이음부의 재열균열 감수성평가 및 상당크리프 변형율의 재열균열 발생에 판정에 대한 역학적 지표로서의 적용성을 검토하였다. 2¼Cr-1Mo steels are widely used to fabricate pressure vessels. Residual stresses, in general, are known to be harmful to the soundness of the welded structures. PWHT is release residual stresses, which may cause cracks. But, in those PWHT process, 2¼Cr-1Mo steels are apt to occur reheat crack frequently. In this reason, it is strongly needed to analysis and examine the mechanical behavior of welded joints through welding to PWHT process. So, in this study, welded nozzle parts of pressure vessel where reheat cracks are frequently occur are selected for examine the crack-occurrence mechanism.

1862년 농민 항쟁 파견관리 연구 : 안핵과 선무의 길

송찬섭 한국방송통신대학교 통합인문학연구소 2010 통합인문학연구 Vol.2 No.2

1862년은 조선 후기 역사에서 매우 중요한 해이다. 삼남을 중심으로 전 국 70여 개 고을에서 농민 항쟁이 일어났고 중앙에서는 안핵사, 선무사, 암행어사 등 다양한 형태로 수많은 중앙 관리를 파견했다. 왕이 중앙과 지방의 관리와 전국 사족들에게 삼정이정을 물어서 이정책을 마련했다는 점에서 1862년은 기록할 만한 해이기도 하였다. 이 글에서는 그 가운데 한 해 동안 가장 많은 안핵사와, 처음으로 선무사를 파견하였다는 점을 주목하고 자 한다. 안핵사는 사건 죄인에 대한 조사 처벌의 임무를 맡았으며 1862년 모두 6개 지역에 5명이 파견되었다. 지방민들에 대해 말 그대로 선무를 담당한 선무사는 우리나라에서는 처음으로 두 지역에 각각 한 명씩 파견되었다. 이러한 제도를 마련했다는 것은 상황에 대한 심각성을 인식한 결과라고 볼 수 있다. 안핵사와 선무사의 자격은 대부분 명문 가문으로서 문과 급제 출신이었으며 중앙과 지방의 중요한 관직을 거친 인물이 었다. 아울러 암행어사로서 파견된 경험이 있어 파견관리의 임무를 수행하기에 적절하였다. 이들은 안핵과 선무라는 기본 임무를 띠고 현지에서 감사와 의논하며 임무를 수행하였다. 그 가운데는 순수하게 기본 임무만 수행한 경우도 있지만 일부 인사의 경우 부세 문제에 대한 처리와 대책을 마련하거나 삼정 개혁에 대한 깊은 관심을 보이기도 하였다. 안핵의 경우 조사와 처벌을 목적으로 하는데,특히 처벌의 수위는 파견 시점이 중요한 듯하다. 초기에는 온건한 방향이 었다면 점차 확대되면서 처벌의 수위가 높아졌다. 한편으로는 어느 정도 파견관리의 성향도 좌우하였다. 이들이 일정한 역할을 함으로써 당시 지방에서 쌓였던 문제를 어느 정도 해결하기도 하였다. 그러나 이렇게 수많은 중앙 관리를 파견한 것은 기존의 통치 구조가 제대로 작동하지 않았다는 점을 역설적으로 보여 준다. 또한 이들의 활약만으로는 그간 축적되었던 지방의 부정부패와 부세 수탈의 문제 등을 해결하기에는 이미 어려운 단계로 접어들었다. The Year 1862 may be regarded as one of the most important years during the late Joseon Dynasty(1392-1897). The year saw the appearance of the “Peasant Struggle” which took place in over 70 counties, mainly in the Samnam(三南) area. During this period, the central government had numerous high officials, such as ‘Anhaeksa(按覈使)’ or ‘Special Provincial High Officials,’ and ‘Seonmyusa(宣撫使), or ‘Local Province Missionaries,’ delegated to each local region where the struggle took place. The Year 1862 was cited as an epoch-making period in that royal kings had central and local officials and civil and military servants take responsibility for devising measures against the ‘Three Treasury Property Systems(三政),: ‘Field,’ ‘Conscription, and ‘Grain Exchange.’ In this regard, this research paper focuses on this unique year in which the greatest number of ‘Annhaksa’ or ‘Special Provincial High Officials were delegated and when ‘Seonmyusa’ or ‘Local Province Missionaries’ were delegated for the first time in Korean history. As for ‘Annhaksa’ or ‘Special Provincial High Officials,’ it was their main duty to investigate and punish criminals involving certain cases. Throughout 1862, a total of five officials were delegated to six local areas. ‘Seonmyusa’ or ‘Local Province Missionaries’ were responsible for supervising local provincial citizens. It was the first time in Korean history that such officials were delegated. Each missionary was delegated to two local parts. These measures evidence how serious the state of affairs was at that period in history. Those from aristocratic families who passed the civil exam were qualified to assume positions as ‘Anhaeksa’ or ‘Special Provincial High Officials’ and ‘Seonmyusa’ or ‘Local Province Missionaries.’ In addition, they had careers in which they had experience as high officials in both the local and central governments. Those who had been delegated to the position of ‘Amhaeng-eo-sa(暗行御史)’ or ‘Royal Secret Inspector,’ were qualified to perform their duties as delegates. As ‘Anhaeksa’ or ‘Special Provincial High Officials’ and ‘Seonmyusa’ or ‘Local Province Missionaries,’ they carried out their missions through discussions with local inspectors. Some of them took responsibility for doing their basic duties. Others, however, took steps to resolve issues surrounding tax imposition. This was shown in the case of Park Kyu Su. As for Anhaeksa’ or ‘Special Provincial High Officials,’ their main duty was to investigate and punish criminals. The intensity of punishment was determined according to the time in which the delegates began to assume their mission. In the early period, when they were just about to conduct their duties, they tended to punish criminals at moderate levels. As time passed, they took tougher measures to punish criminals at more severe levels. On the other hand, the disposition of delegates exerted a somewhat important influence. Their mission contributed to resolving issues that faced the local government. Given that a number of central officials were delegated to local religions, however, this clearly showed that established ruling structures were not operating smoothly. The situation had become too difficult for delegates to resolve much of local corruption and illegal tax impositions.

분뇨처리장의 공정개선에 의한 처리효율 향상에 관한 연구

이찬원,김승현,김창수,문성원,전홍표,윤종섭 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.6

There is a need to improve the efficiency of the existing sanitary treatment facilities, because the effluent standard becomes more stricter and septic sludge increased. Thus, operating processes of sanitary treatment system in M city changed with installation of additional facilities. Process modifications were as follows: Dilution water was added to the next process after primary aeration tank. Some secondary sedimentation sludge was recycled to primary aerator so that most of the organics were stabilized in primary aeration tank under automatic control of dissolved oxygen. The line of effluent from dewatering process flowing to the activated sludge tank was changed to the primary aerator. The primary sedimentation sludge line was linked to a thickener. Polymer was added to the activated sludge tank. The effluent of primary aerator and aerobic digester was recycled from the 5th to the 1st sector. As consequencies of above process modifications, the improvement of removal efficiency was achieved as BOD 54%, COD 42%, SS 61%, T-N 39%, and T-P 12%, respectively.

저주파수 및 저입력전압용 박막형 다중접합 열전변환기

황찬순,이형주,김진섭,이정희,박세일,권성원 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.3

저주파수의 저전압용 크로멜-알루멜 다중접합 열전변환기를 개발하고자 NiCr 히터의 두께를400 nm, 600 nm 및 800 nm로 변화시켰다. 40 Hz∼10 kHz의 직류 역방향 주파수 범위로 0.5 V의 교류 실효전압을 열전변환기에 인가시켰을 때 히터의 두께가 400 nm인 열전변환기가 ±0.51∼±1.69 ppm 범위의 열전효과에 의한 교류-직류 전압 변환오차를 나타내었고, 열전효과 및 주파수에 의한 교류-직류 변환오차는 40 Hz∼l MHz의 주파수 범위에서 ±40∼±115 ppm 범위를 나타내어, 저주파수의 저전압용으로 사용할 수 있었다. NiCr-heaters with three different thicknesses ranging from 400 nm to 800 nm were fabricated and their characteristics were compared for the purpose of developing a chromel-alumel multijunction thermal converter for low input voltage with low frequency. The thermoelectric effect-induced AC-DC voltage transfer difference of the thermal converter with a built-in NiCr-heater of 400 nm-thickness was ±0.51∼±1.69 ppm in the DC reversing frequency of 40 Hz∼10 kHz with appling 0.5 V_rms and the difference was increased to ±40∼±115 ppm in the frequency of 40 Hz~l MHz, when both thermoelectric effects and frequency effects were considered, showing the thermal converter would be suitable for the low input voltage application with low frequency.

담도계질환의 내시경적 치료

심찬섭 대한의학협회 1990 대한의학협회지 Vol.33 No.4

발생원별에 따른 PAHs 배출특성

박찬구,윤중섭,김민영,손종열,모세영 한국대기환경학회 2004 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The results of individual PAH source profiles that can be applied to receptor model are as follows. The sum of 16 PAH concentrations was 391.41 ng/S㎥ in a tunnel. Phenanthrene was the most abundant compound among 16 PAH, and then pyrene, fIuoranthene, anthracene, and naphthalene can be seen in elevated contents. 11,056.61 ng/S㎥ of 16 PAH concentrations in BC oil boiler was two times higher than 6,582.57 ng/S㎥ of those in LNG boiler. Naphthalene was the most abundant compound in both facilities. Phenanthrene, anthracene. and acenaphthylene were the second dominant compound group in order from both facilities. BC oil boiler had relatively high concentration of pyrene compared to LNG boiler that had high concentration of fluorene and did not detect pyrene. The sum of 16 PAH concentrations emitted from MSW incinerators after APCD (air pollution control device) was three times higher than those from MSW incinerators bcfore APCD. However, the concentrations of more than 4-ring PAH compounds (e.g., benzo (a)anthracene) before APCD were higher than those after APCD. This fact implies that PAHs generated by combustion process are eliminated in APCD and they are continuously produced in stack or atmosphere by PAHs precursors.

정부기관의 이미지 측정 개념과 절차에 대한 탐색적 연구 : 교육인적자원부를 대상으로

김찬아,조삼섭,신호창 한국방송광고공사 2006 광고연구 Vol.0 No.73

이 연구는 정부기관의 이미지를 평가할 수 있는 개념과 절차를 제시하고자 했다. 정부기관 중 교육인적자원부를 선정했고, 교사와 학부모, 학생 총 396명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 20개 항목으로 이미지를 측정하였으며, 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 12개 항목이 4개 요인 - 헌신, 공정ㆍ합리, 업무추진, 리더십 - 을 추출했다. 확인적 요인분석을 통해 ‘4요인 12항목 모델’은 Q값이 2.09로 기준치 2를 넘었고, GFI는 .959, AGFI는 .993, 기준치 .9를 넘었고, RMR의 값은 .035로 .05 미만으로 적합성이 증명되었다. 4개의 이미지 차원은 각 하부에 3개 항목으로 구성된다.‘ 헌신’은“국민을 배려한다”,“ 친절하다”, “투명하다”로 측정되며, ‘공정ㆍ합리’는“공정하다”, “판단력이 있다”, “합리적이다”로 구성된다. 그리고‘업무추진’은“추진력이 있다”,“ 실행능력이 있다”,“ 자신감이 있다”라는 항목들이며,‘ 리더십’은“장관은 훌륭하다”,“ 믿을 만하다”,“ 분명한 원칙이 있다”의 항목들이 포함되었다. 이로써 정부기관의 이미지를 측정할 수 있는 타당성있고 신뢰성있는 개념과 절차를 제시했다. The purpose of this study is to devise a valid and reliable instrument to measure the image of a government agency, the ministry of education and human resources development. Among its public, teachers(99), parents(151) and students(146), totally 396 have been surveyed. Among items selected from the initial survey of publics and literature reviews, we finalized 20 items as image construct. Using several exploratory factor analyses, 4 dimensions are finally extracted: commitment, integrity, competence and leadership. This model is retested with confirmatory factor analysis. Model fit indexes yield satisfactory results(Q=2.09, GFI=.959, AGFI = .993, RMR = .035). Each dimension is consisted of 3 items: Commitment(consideration, kindness, transparency), Integrity(fairness, judgment, reasonableness), Competence(drive, execution, confidence) and Leadership (CEO leadership, trust, distinct principle). As a exploratory study, the measurement index can provide a valid for other government agencies and their publics.

白鼠의 카드뮴中毒時 Diallyldisulfide가 카드뮴 排泄에 미치는 影響에 關한 硏究

沈贊燮,宋東彬,車喆煥 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.3

The garlic has been proved to have protective effect on the poisoning of cadmium and mercury in previous studies. Diallyldisulfide, the major substance of garlic extract, was expected to have the similar protective effect to the heavy metal poisoning. In this study the effect of diallyldisulfide on the excretion of cadmium from body and accumulation of cadmium in the target organs, liver, kidney and testis was studied and was also compared with the effect to 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). For the experiment, cadmium (1 mg/kg) was injected into the peritoneal cavity of rats for 4 days and diallyldisulfide and DMSA were administered respectively per os with oral tube once a day for 11 days which was started 1 day before starting cadmium injection. The 24 hours feces and urine were collected seperately using metabolic cage for 10 days and studied the effect of diallyldisulfide and DMSA on the excretion of cadmium. The results of the experiment were as follows. 1. The simultaneously administered groups of cadmium and diallyldisulfide or cadmium and DMSA showed more excellent effect on the excretion of cadmium than the cadmium alone administered groups. Especially fecal excretion of cadmium was remarkable between at 2nd and 8th day of diallyldisulfide or DMSA administration. In comparison with the effect of two regimen, ratio of the total excretion to the total administration of cadmium in 10 days was higher in the diallyldisulfide administered group than in the DMSA administered group. The effect of urinary excretion in diallyldisulfide administred group was inferior to DMSA administered group and its excretion effect was weak comparing with the fecal excretion. 2. The accumulation of cadmium in testis and kidney was decreased markedly in diallyldisulfide or DMSA administered groups than cadmium alone administered group, but in liver and spleen it was not decreased markedly. Especially the treated with diallyldisulfide or DMSA groups showed the accumulation of cadmium in kidney 28-31% less than the cadmium alone administered group. Also in testis they showed 34% less accumulation of cadmium in diallyldisulfide administered group and 50% less accumulation in DMSA administered group than cadmium alone administered group respectively.

위종양성 병변에서 내시경적 절제술

沈贊燮 대한의사협회 1998 대한의사협회지 Vol.41 No.2