Near-Infrared Spectral Characteristics in Presence of Sun Glint Using CASI-1500 Data in Shallow Waters

( Joo Young Jeon ),( Sun Hwa Kim ),( Chan Su Yang ) 대한원격탐사학회 2015 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Sun glint correction methods of hyperspectral data that have been developed so far have not considered the various situations and are often adequate for only certain conditions. Also there is an inaccurate assumption that the signal in NIR wavelength is zero. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the NIR spectral properties of sun glint effect in coastal waters. For the analysis, CASI-1500 airborne hyperspectral data, bathymetry data and in-situ data obtained at coastal area near Sin-Cheon, Jeju Island, South Korea were used. The spectral characteristics of radiance and reflectance at the five NIR wavelengths (744 nm, 758 nm, 772 nm, 786 nm, and 801 nm) are analyzed by using various statistics, spatial and spectral variation of sun-glinted area under conditions of the bottom types of benthos, barren rocks and sand with similar water depth. Through the quantitative analysis, we found that the relation of water depth or bottom type with sun glint is relatively less which is a similar result with the previous studies. However the sun glint are distributed similarly with the patterns of the direction of wave propagation. It is confirmed that the areas with changed direction of wave propagation were not affected by the sun glint. The spatial and spectral variations of radiance and reflectance are mainly caused by the effect of sun glint and waves. The radiance or reflectance of more sun-glinted areas are increased approximately 1.5 times and the standard deviations are also increased three times compared to the less sun glinted areas. Through this study, the further studies of sun glint correction method in coastal water using the patterns of wave propagation and diffraction will be placed.

The Efficacy and Safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Randomized Controlled Split-face Trial

( Sun Young Huh ),( Jung Won Shin ),( Jung Im Na ),( Chang Hun Huh ),( Sang Woong Youn ),( Kyoung Chan Park ) 대한피부과학회 2010 Annals of Dermatology Vol.22 No.1

Background: Melasma is a common acquired symmetrical hypermelanosis that occurs on sun-exposed areas, and it is frequently observed among women. Various treatment modalities have been tried, but none are completely satisfactory. 4-n-butylresorcinol, which is a resorcinol derivative that has an inhibitory effect on both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1, was introduced in 1995 and it has received increasing attention as a new hypopigmenting agent. However, the hypopigmenting effect of 4-n-butylresorcinol in human subjects has only been shown in a few studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypopigmenting efficacy and safety of 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream for the treatment of melasma. Methods: Twenty patients with melasma were enrolled to this randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, split-face comparative study. The patients were instructed to apply 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream or vehicle to each side of the face twice daily for 8 weeks. Mexameter measurements were performed along with photography at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Adverse events were observed and recorded throughout the study. Results: All the patients completed the study. Mexameter measurements demonstrated that the melanin index of the treated side showed a significant decrease when compared with that of the vehicle-treated side after 4 weeks (p=0.006) and after 8 weeks (p<0.0005). All the adverse reactions were mild and transient. Conclusion: 4-n-butylresorcinol 0.1% cream showed rapid efficacy and it was well tolerated when used for the treatment of melasma. (Ann Dermatol 22(1) 21∼25, 2010)

군집 별 표준곡선 매개변수를 이용한 치밀오일 생산성 예측 순환신경망 모델

한동권(Dong-kwon Han),김민수(Min-soo Kim),권순일(Sun-il Kwon) 한국정보통신학회 2021 한국정보통신학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

치밀오일 미래 생산성 예측은 잔류오일 회수량 및 저류층 거동 분석을 위해 중요한 작업이다. 일반적으로 석유공학적 관점에서 감퇴곡선법을 이용하여 생산성 예측이 이루어지는데, 최근에는 데이터기반의 머신러닝 기법을 이용한 연구도 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 기반 순환신경망과 LSTM, GRU 알고리즘을 이용하여 미래 생산량 예측을 위한 효과적인 모델을 제안하고자 한다. 입력변수로는 치밀오일 생산 시 산출되는 오일, 가스, 물과 이와 더불어 다양한 군집분석을 통해 산출된 표준곡선이 주요 매개변수이고, 출력변수는 월별 오일 생산량이다. 기존의 경험적 모델인 감퇴곡선법과 순환신경망 모델들을 비교하였으며, 모델의 예측성능을 향상시키기 위해 하이퍼파라미터 튜닝을 통해 최적 모델을 도출하였다. Predicting future productivity of tight oil is an important task for analyzing residual oil recovery and reservoir behavior. In general, productivity prediction is made using the decline curve analysis(DCA). In this study, we intend to propose an effective model for predicting future production using deep learning-based recurrent neural networks(RNN). LSTM, and GRU algorithms. As input variables, the main parameters are oil, gas, water, which are calculated during the production of tight oil, and the type curve calculated through various cluster analyzes. the output variable is the monthly oil production. Existing empirical models, the DCA and RNN models, were compared, and an optimal model was derived through hyperparameter tuning to improve the predictive performance of the model.

변색 실활치에 대한 carbamide peroxide gel의 표백효과

박선아,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,윤창,박영준,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

The bleaching of discolored nonvital teeth is conservative treatement that satisfy the cosmetic desire. The most common method for this treatement, walking bleaching, is using 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Many alternatives are suggested for preventing the external cervical root resorption that is the common complication of the nonvital teeth bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide. The same extent of oxidation reactions as that resulted by the bleaching with the application of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate can also be acquired more safely by materials that contain 10% carbamide peroxide, used primarily for the bleaching of vital teeth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in nonvatal teeth bleaching. The internal bleaching of intentionally discolored teeth was performed in vitro with 10% carbamide peroxide (Group 1), 15% carbamide peroxide (Group 2), mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate (Group 3), and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate (Group 4). The bleaching materials were refreshed following 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. To evaluate the bleaching effect, the color change of the crowns was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 days of bleaching using the colorimeter. The results were as follows : 1. L^* and ΔE^* values were increased with time in all bleaching agents(p<0.01). 2. There was no significant difference in L^* and ΔE^* value among bleaching agents. 3. Δ^* value higher than 3 was shown after 3 days of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel, 1 day with 15% carbamide peroxide gel, 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and distilled water and 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide, respectively. These results revealed that the use of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in non-vital teeth bleaching is as effective as mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Accordingly, carbamide peroxide could be used clinically to bleach discolored non-vital teeth.

연안해역 모니터링을 위한 초분광영상 처리기법 현황

김선화 ( Sun Hwa Kim ),양찬수 ( Chan Su Yang ) 한국지리정보학회 2015 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.18 No.1

본 연구에서는 초분광영상의 국내 연안 활용 범위 확대 및 정확성 향상을 위해, 국외 연안지역에 대한 항공기 및 위성 탑재 초분광영상의 다양한 처리 기법을 소개한다. 육상과 달리, 가시광선 영역에서 미세한 반사율을 보이는 해양의 경우 보다 정밀한 대기보정이 요구된다. 이와 함께, 태양-해수면-센서의 기하학적 특징으로 나타나는 태양광 정반사(sun-glint)와 같은 이상 현상을 제거하기 위한 다양한 기법도 개발되어 왔다. 대기 및 정반사 보정된 초분광영상은 연안지역의 수심추정과 산호와 같은 저서 생물 및 해저면 종류 분류, 저서 생물 상태 모니터링에 활용되는데, 주로 복사전달모델과 분광라이브러리에 기반을 둔 반분석적 기법을 사용한다. 이는 초분광영상의 많은 분광 정보를 활용하는 방법으로, 실험적 모델을 적용하는 다중분광자료에 비해 상대적으로 정확도가 높다. 광학영상의 해양활용에서 있어 수심 및 수질은 매우 중요한 제약점으로, 특히 복사전달모델에 기반을 둔 분석에 따르면 초분광영상은 최대 25m까지 수심측정이나 해저면 분류가 가능하다고 하나, 실제 많은 연구에서 항공기 및 위성 탑재 초분광영상은 수심 10m 이내의 연안지역에서 활용되고 있다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 국내 연안지역의 초분광영상자료의 정확하고 정량적인 연안 활용을 위해서는 최대 탐지 가능한 수심 및 수질조건 등에 대한 분석이 필요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 국내 연안지역에 대해 분류 가능한 저서 생물과 해저면의 분류 및 분광라이 브러리 구축의 필요성을 제시하였다. In this study, we introduce various hyperspectral data processing techniques for the monitoring of shallow and coastal waters to enlarge the application range and to improve the accuracy of the end results in Korea. Unlike land, more accurate atmospheric correction is needed in coastal region showing relatively low reflectance in visible wavelengths. Sun-glint which occurs due to a geometry of sun-sea surface-sensor is another issue for the data processing in the ocean application of hyperspectal imagery. After the preprocessing of the hyperspectral data, a semi-analytical algorithm based on a radiative transfer model and a spectral library can be used for bathymetry mapping in coastal area, type classification and status monitoring of benthos or substrate classification. In general, semi-analytical algorithms using spectral information obtained from hyperspectral imagey shows higher accuracy than an empirical method using multispectral data. The water depth and quality are constraint factors in the ocean application of optical data. Although a radiative transfer model suggests the theoretical limit of about 25m in depth for bathymetry and bottom classification, hyperspectral data have been used practically at depths of up to 10 m in shallow and coastal waters. It means we have to focus on the maximum depth of water and water quality conditions that affect the coastal applicability of hyperspectral data, and to define the spectral library of coastal waters to classify the types of benthos and substrates.

백서에서 Depulpin®과 Formocresol에 대한 치수와 치근단 조직의 반응

문형인,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,황인남,김선헌,정선와,윤창,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

One fifth dilution of formocresol is usually for pulpotomy of the primary teeth and emergency pulpotomy of the permanent teeth. However, the use of formaldehyde has been subjected to criticism because it may be absorbed into the blood stream and become distributed systemically, it may also alter the pulp tissue rendering it immumologically active, and have carcinogenic potential. Recently Depulpin®(VoCo., Germany) gains popularity as a devitalizing agent during root canal therapy in spite of high concentration of 49% paraformaldehyde because it facilitate devitalization of pulp and make root canal therapy easier. But there have been not enough publications about the reaction of pulp and periapical tissue caused by Depulpin. This study was performed to evaluate the histological changes in pulp and periapical tissue of rats after pulpotomy using formocresol and Depulpin and to elucidate the toxic effects of these agents. Thirty six Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine. Maxillary first molar teeth were used for pulpotomy with formocresol and Depulpin. Rats were sacrificed after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks respectively. Specimens were histologically observed by light microscope changes in pulp and periapical tissue. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Formocresol group A zone of fixed tissue, in which odontoblasts could clearly be defined, was present directly underneath the pulpotomy dressing in almost all teeth of this group. This was followed by an area of necrotic tissue which resembled dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular detail except some pyknotic nuclei. In the specimens of after 2 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks in which vital tissue was present. it was separated from the fibrous area by a zone of inflammation. In the specimens of after 3 weeks and after 4 weeks, inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament adjacent to the apical foramina of the teeth. 2. Depulpin® group The area of necrotic tissue which had no cells and fibers , was present adjacent to the dressing. This was followed by dried out fibrous tissue with no cellular details except some pyknotic nucleli. A short stump of vital pulp with odontoblasts was present at the end of the canal after 2 days. Inflammatory infiltrate was in the periodontal ligament after 4 days and after 1week. Severe root resorption and necrosis of periapical tissue opposite the root resorption site were defined after 2 weeks and after 3 weeks. Periapical lesion which consist of necrotic tissue surrounded by a fibrous connective wall. was found after 4 weeks. The results indicated that Depulpin can cause more adverse reaction to the dental pulp and periapical tissue than formocresol, and further studies are needed for its clinical use with safety.

Streptomyces albulus 세정균체에 의한 polylysine의 대량생산

선흥석,김광섭,안치민,박찬영 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1997 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Streptomyces albulus 세정균체를 이용하여 항세균물질인 폴리리신의 대량생산 가능성에 대하여 조사하였다. 발효기 배양에서 배양액 pH는 6.8에서 3.2로 감소하는 동안에 pH 4.0에서 4.5사이에서 폴리리신이 최대로 축적되므로 대수말기의 균체를 멸균증류수로 세척하여 마련한 세정균체를 아미노산 생산을 향상할수 있는 구연산을 2%첨가하고 pH를 최적인 4.2로 조정한 배지로 옮겨 배양하였다. 이러한 2단계공정으로 세정균체를 배양한 경우 배양액내의 폴리리신은 일반 1단계 단순 배양에 비하여 최대 6배의 축적량을 나타내었다. The feasibility of mass production of polylysine, an antibacterial substance, employing a washed mycelium of Streptomyces albulus has been investigated. Since the maximum accumulation of polylysine had appeared between 4.0 to 4.5 of pH during fermentor cultivation of which the pH of the broth has declined to 3.2 from 6.8, the strain growing in the broth on late log phase had been washed with sterilized water, then the sole mycelium had been transferred to another medium containing 2% citric acid having pH adjusted with NaOH to optimum of 4.2 to improve the production of the amino acid. The total accumulation of polylysine by washed mycelium of Streptomyces albulus from this two step procedure has exhibited 6 times more than the normal production of the simple one step fermentation.

개에서 발생한 편충 감염 증례

유찬,이선희,박배근 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 附設 動物醫科學硏究所 2009 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.16 No.1

A 4-year-old, intact male, Jindo-dog was admitted to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Chungnam National University with the history of diarrhea several times a day the onest of which was a month ago and weight loss. She was not prevented against intestinal parasites and heartmorm since 1 year ago. On physical examination, she was emaciated and had abdominal tension. A Giardia kit test indicated negative result. Results from a serum biochemical profile and electrolytes demonstrated mild reduction in phosphate and sodium. Microfilaria was detected on direct blood smear. A Heartworm kit test indicated positive result. Thoracic radiographs revealed dilation of pulmonary vessels, increased opacity of caudal lung field, and reversed D sign. Abdominal radiographs revealed loss of abdominal serosal details. A abdominal ultrasonograph showed the following: dilation of the intestinal lumen, hyperechoic linear material with acoustic shadowing in bowel, and enlarged lymph node. Fecal examination using saturated saline flotation method indicated that she had trichuris vulpis infection. Anthelmintics were administered orally, and antibiotics were administered parenterally. In addition, heatworm treatment was advised. She had no significant clinical signs such as diarrhea after ten days and five months.

폐외소세포암

선길홍,윤찬영,정춘해,박치영 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.3

Background: Small cell carcinomas (SCC) are most commonly seen in the lung, approximately 2.5-4% of all SCC occur in extrapulmonary sites. This study aimed to review the clinical features, therapy and natural course of patients with extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) in single-institution series. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with SCC between December 2002 and November 2005. Study eligibility required that patients had pathologically proven SCC in sites other than lung with normal radiological findings of the chest and normal sputum cytology or negative bronchoscopic findings. Result: Eight patients with EPSCC were identified and their primary sites were various such as esophagus (4 cases), kidney (1 case), thymus (1 case), stomach (1 case) and unknown primary supraclavicular lymph node (1 case). The 4 patients were classified as limited disease (LD) and 2 patients were as extended disease (ED) at initial staging work-up. But 2 patients were undetermined. The 3 patients with EPSCC of LD were treated with operation and adjuvant chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiotherapy and one received only supportive care. They showed favorable clinical courses with a median overall survival of 23 months. EPSCC of ED and undetermined group received only supportive care. They had aggressive clinical courses with a median overall survival of 3 months, Conclusions: EPSCC was identified in various sites with the most common primary site being the esophagus, It was predominantly occurred in old male patients and associated with smoking like as SCC of the lung. Since EPSCC is a relalively rare disease that mimics SCC of the lung in its response to treatment and survival pattern, it would appear advisable to follow similar treatment guidelines. Although recurrence within short terms was observed, a significant survival benefit was obtained in EPSCC of LD received treatment (chemotherapy, operation and radiation therapy). Thus, EPSCC is usually a fatal disease with meidan overall survival of 18 months. 연구배경: 소세포암의 가장 흔한 발생부위는 폐이며, 폐외소세포암은 전체 소세포암의 2.5~4%를 차지하는 매우 드문질환이다. 본 연구의 목적은 단일 기관에서 진단된 폐외소세포암의 임상적 특징, 치료와 자연경과를 보고하고자 하였다. 방법: 조선대학교부속병원에서 2002년 12월 부터 2005년 11월 사이에 소세포암으로 진단된 66명의 의무기록을 검토하였다. 폐외소세포암은 흉부 단순 몇 전산화단층 촬영, 객담세포 검사, 기관지경 검사에서 폐병번이 없으면서 폐와 병변의 조직학적 생검에서 소세포암으로 증명된 경우로 하였으며, 총 8명이였다. 결과: 본 연구에서 식도가 전체 폐외소세포 암 환자의 50%(4례)로 가장 많은 원발병소를 보였으며 그 외 흉선, 신장, 위가 1례씩 있었으며 쇄곧상부 림프절에서 소세포암이 발견되었으나 원발 병소를 발견 못한 경우가 1례 관찰되었다. 4명의 환자는 제한 병기를 보였으며 2명은 광범위 병기를 보였지만 나머지 2명은 위내시경으로 식도에서 소세포암이 조직학적으로 진단되었으나 보전적 치료만을 받길 원하여 병기결정을 위한 검사는 시행할 수 없었다. 제한 병기의 폐외소세포암 환자는 4명이었다. 2명은 수술적 절제후 보조항암화학요법을 받았으며, 1명은 항암화학요법후 방사션치료를 받았고, 나머지 한명은 보전적 치료만 시행하였다. 제한 병기의 폐외소세포암 환자틀은 양호한 임상 경과를 보였으며 중앙 생존기간은 23개월이었다. 하지만 광범위 병기의 폐외소세포암 환자와 병기를 분류할 수 없던 환자에 대해서는 항암화학요법 등의 적극적 치료는 시행하지 않고 보존적 치료만 시행하였다. 그들의 임상경과는 빠르게 악화되었으며 중앙 생존 기간은 3개월이었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 폐외소세포암은 다양한 장기에서 발견될 수 있으나 가장 흔한 곳은 식도였다. 소세포폐암과 유사하게 고령, 남성 및 흡연과 관련을 보였었다. 제한 병기에서 국소 치료, 항암화학요법은 생존기간의 연장을 보였으나 쉽게 다른 장기로 전이가 되거나 재발하는 매우 치명적인 질환임을 확인할 수 있었다. 전체 중앙 생존기간은 18개월 이었고 항암 화학요법등의 치료를 받은 군이 보존적 치료를 받은 군에 비해 의미있는 생존기간 (p=0.040)의 연장을 보였다. 본 연구는 단일기관의 상대적으로 적은 수의 소규모 연구이지만 폐외소세포암의 제한 병기에서 국소치료 및 항암화학요법은 생존기간의 연장을 보였고 쉽게 다른 장기로 전이가 되거나 재발하는 매우 치명적인 질환임을 확인 할 수 있었다.

혼합형 자가면역성용혈성빈혈과 동반된 Evans 증후군 1례

선길홍,윤찬영,박상곤,박경희,우정주,한경택,김진화,김영훈,정춘해,박치영 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Evans syndrome is defined as a simultaneous or sequential occurrence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and autoimmune thrombocytopenia. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is usually induced by IgG warm autoantibody or cold-active IgM antibodies reacting specifically with antigens associated with a patient's RBC. AIHA is a fairly uncommon disorder, with estimates of the incidence at 1 to 3 cases per 100,000 per year. Mixed-type AIHA is a relatively uncommon form of AIHA, with studies noting the incidence of 7-8% among cases of AIHA. We experienced a patient, 46-year-old woman who was diagnosed having a very rare clinical presentation of mixed warm and cold antibody mediated Evans syndrome. She was treated with corticosteroid therapy only and has been maintaining a complete response for 15 weeks. 저자들은 혼합형의 자가면역성 용혈성 빈혈과 자가면역성 혈소판 감소증이 동시에 발생한 혼합형 Evans 증후군으로 진단하고 스테로이드 요법 후 혈액학적으로 회복된 상태로 15주가 지난 현재 steroid 5 mg/일 까지 감량한 상태에서 추적 관찰 치료중인 46세 여자 환자를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.