백서 심근경색모델에서 시간경과와 경색의 크기에 따른 심자도의 변화

김미성(Mi Sung Kim),박영선(Young Sun Park),권순길(Sun Gil Kwon),지정훈(Jeong Hoon Ji),신종성(Jong Sung Shin),오광식(Kwang Sik Oh),양용모(Yong Mo Yang),연태진(Tae Jin Youn),김동운(Dong Woon Kim),조명찬(Myeong Chan Cho),이용호(Yong Ho 대한내과학회 2002 대한내과학회지 Vol.62 No.1

N/A Background: Magnetocardiogram (MCG), which records the changes of magnetic fields generated by the heart`s electrical activity, theoritically can provide unique data for clinical application. To date, MCG has been investigated only at a single time point after myocardial infarction (MI) with severe left ventricular dysfunction in rats. The purpose of the present study was to investigate sequential changes of MCG after MI and to evaluate effects of infarct size on MCG. Methods: Acute MI were induced by the permanent ligation of left coronary artery in 22 rats. Magnetic fields were recorded just above a rat with Nb Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) gradiometer inside a magnetically shielded room. MCG was measured before and immediately after surgery and it was subsequently recorded at the time points of 1, 4 and 6 hours post operatively. MCG was also measured at 1, 3, 7 and 21 days after surgery. Results: Elevation of ST segment and appearance of pathological Q wave on the MCG were evident immediately after the ligation of coronary artery and persisted to 6 hours after MI. On MCG, ST segment was depressed and T wave was inverted from 1 day after MI. In rats with small-and moderate- sized MI (infarct size〈30%), ST depression returned to near the isoelectric level and Q wave disappeared from 7 days after MI. However, ST depression and Q wave were still present in rats with larger infarct (infarct size≥30%). Conclusion: Evolutional changes of MCG were well-recognized up to 21 days after MI. Furthermore, the infarct size can be expressed by the extent of Q wave and ST segment depression on MCG. Taken together, these data indicate that MCG is a helpful modality for the diagnosis, evaluation of infarct size and follow up after MI.(Korean J Med 62:42-48, 2002)

Southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone due to Northern Hemisphere cooling at the Oligocene-Miocene boundary

Hyeong, Kiseong,Lee, Jongmin,Seo, Inah,Lee, Mi Jung,Yoo, Chan Min,Khim, Boo-Keun Geological Society of America 2014 Geology Vol.42 No.8

<P>The Mi-1 glaciation (ca. 23 Ma), which marks the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, was an aberrant cooling event that led to a build-up of the Antarctic ice sheet, which reached the near-modern volume (or greater) from its ephemeral or partial existence. An increase of ∼1‰ in the δ<SUP>18</SUP>O of benthic foraminifera during this interval has been attributed to the development of Antarctic ice sheets and deep-water cooling. Without definitive evidence, Northern Hemisphere (NH) glaciation has not been a material consideration for the δ<SUP>18</SUP>O increase. Here we investigate the interhemispheric temperature contrast during Mi-1, with the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) at a site (10°31′N) in the East Pacific (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site U1333), to understand NH cooling and the possibility of NH glaciation. The measured <SUP>143</SUP>Nd/<SUP>144</SUP>Nd, <SUP>87</SUP>Sr/<SUP>86</SUP>Sr, and clay mineral compositions of eolian dust fractions indicate unequivocally the deposition of Asian dust during Mi-1, and of Central American and South American dust before and after Mi-1. This is attributed to the southward displacement of the ITCZ over Site U1333 during Mi-1. The ITCZ shifts toward the warmer hemisphere. Thus our results suggest that the cooling during Mi-1 was more significant in the NH than in the Southern Hemisphere, which underwent a sudden expansion of continental ice sheets. Our data call for a forcing mechanism to drive significant NH cooling during this episode. Based on the available data, we propose that the widespread growth of NH ice sheets and/or changes in the production of North Atlantic–origin deep water could be possible causes of the NH cooling at that time.</P>

QRans Order : QR 코드를 이용한 다국어 간편 주문 시스템

권찬미, 이동주, 엄성용 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2017 정보기술논문지 Vol.15 No.-

In this paper, we propose an automatic order system for restaurant customers, which utilizes QR code and provides multilingual menu and currency conversion. The system consists of 2 main parts : application for customers, web and application for restaurant managers/owners. The main functions of the system are described with captured screens in this paper. Customers use the smart phone application and QR code tag attached each table to make orders. The multilingual menu and various currency feature help the foreign customers to make orders easily. The orders made by customers are automatically displayed in the smart phone or tablet installed in the cashier count and kitchen. The orders can be managed using web based system. 본 논문에서는 최근 빠르게 도입되는 무인 주문 서비스를 적용하여 다양한 식당과 국내외 소비자를 대상으로 개발된 QR 코드를 이용한 <다국어 간편 주문 시스템>에 대해 설명한다. 개발된 시스템 ‘QRans Order’는 식당 고객용 스마트폰 어플리케이션과 식당 운영자용 관리자 웹 및 스마트폰 어플리케이션으로 구성되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 시스템의 주요 기능을 화면 구성과 함께 설명한다. 시스템 구현 결과, 식당 고객용 스마트폰 어플 리케이션은 테이블마다 마련된 QR 코드를 이용하기 때문에 직원을 부르지 않더라도 앉은 자리에서 간편하게 음식을 주문할 수 있다. 또한, 다국어 기능을 통해 외국인 고객들도 간편하게 메뉴를 보며 주문할 수 있으며 선택한 언어에 따라 환산된 가격 정보도 알 수 있다. 식당 운영자용 관리자 웹 및 어플리케이션에서는 주문이 들어올 때마다 즉각적으로 주문 내역을 확인할 수 있으며, 식당 정보 및 메뉴 관리, 매출 관리 등의 업무를 체계적으로 관리할 수 있다.

우리나라 근대무용의 발전과정

정찬모,이미경 한국체육사학회 2002 체육사학회지 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study was to review the development of Korean modern dance from its traditional dance to its creative dance. For this purpose, the transition or development from traditional dance to modern dance was examined, and thereby, concepts of the modern dance and its historical implications were reviewed longitudinally. In terms of historic and social backgrounds, the development of our modern dance for the period of 1895 ~ 1979 was featured by dividing it into four stages: initial period, growth period transitional period and developmental period. During the Japanese colonial period our traditional dance was promoted to theater dance, which helped to enhance people's awareness of our traditional dance. By 1926, the Japanese dancer Ishi Baku(石井漠) came Korea only introduce the Western dance to our dance community, and as a result, such world-renowned dancers as Choi Seung-hee and cJo Taek-won emerged. While Korea was emancipated from Japan and suffered for the Korean War, our dance community witnessed the efforts to recover the traditional dance with the vigorous cultural movement and search for our own dance aesthetics. After all in 1979, our dance community would witness a traditional dance festival conducive to creative dances. Summing up, the traditional dance was promoted around 1900 when it was presented on the stage, and thereby, many professional dancers began to be engaged in dance. On the other hand, the professional dancers pursued a modern art form, and thus, their social status was enhanced. Thus, in the history of our dance, the modern dame is very significant in that it linked the traditional dance with the creative one.

재량활동의 운영실태 및 개선방안에 관한 연구

유광찬,장미옥 한국초등교육학회 2002 초등교육연구 Vol.15 No.2

재림활동은 학생의 자기주도적 학습능력을 신장하고 범교과 학습활동을 촉진시키기 위한 창의적 재량활동에 중점을 두어 학교에서 학습내용을 선택 운영하도록 되어있으나, 현장 운영실태를 조사 분석한 결과에 의하면, 재량활동에 대하여 대부분의 교사들이 그 내용을 잘 이해하고 있었으나, 교사들은 재량활동과 운영에 적극적으로 참여하지 못하고 형식적으로 참여하였는데, 그 이유는 재량활동에 대한 이해와 지도 기능이 부족했기 때문이다. 재량활동 운영에 대한 계획은 실제 재량활동을 운영하는 교사들에게 많은 자율성이 주어지고 있었으나 재량활동을 효율적으로 운영할 수 있는 자료의 개발, 시설 구비, 경비 제공 등이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 초등학교에서는 재량활동의 큰 영역 중에서 교과재량활동보다는 창의적 재량활동에 더 중점을 두는 것으로 나타났는데. 이는 바람직한 현상으로 앞으로도 이러한 현상은 지속될 필요가 있다고 본다. 재량활동 평가는 학기당 1∼회 실시하며 그 방법으로는 대부분 관찰평가를 실시하였다. 평가 실시에 대한 가장 큰 문제점은 '객관적인 평가척도의 미흡'이며, 그 다음이 '결과 위주의 평가'로 분석되었다. 따라서 교사들은 재량활동에 대한 올바른 이해를 바탕으로 효율적인 재량활동 운영이 될 수 있도록 재량활동과 지도 기능에 대한 연수를 실시함은 물론 학교나 지역교육청은 그에 대한 적극적인 지원이 이루어질 필요가 있으며, 또한 지역이나 학교의 실정에 따라 재량활동을 특색있고 융통성있게 운영하기 위해서는 시간운영, 장소활용, 교사조직, 주제설정, 집단편성 등에 융통성을 부여하고 프로그램이나 교재를 다양하게 선정하며, 교과와 특별활동과의 연계성을 살려 상호 보완할 수 있는 재량활동으로 운영이 되어야 하며, 재량활동에 대한 평가는 객관적이고 체계적인 평가척도의 개발이 필요하며, 결과보다는 과정에 초점을 두는 평가가 이루어져야 할 것이다. This research's object is primary school, This research investigated and analyzed the actual conditions of organization and operation, found the problem of it, and then searched the improvement plan of creative discretional activities for education focused on consumers about lower grades curriculum applied seventh curriculum These are summary of these research. 1. Teachers understood the discretional activities well. also they were interested in it but they attended the discretional activities formally for short skill of instruction and time. 2. Teacher plan the discretional activities without character of parents' of students, students' communities. Teacher's association like society for curriculum, committee for discretional activities organization were not established or, if any, were not run by. But teachers' association at same grades were activated. Factors influenced discretional activities learning environments like materials, faculties, expenses. And factors which increase learning effect related to development of texts. Almost teacher satisfied with not only operation of discretional activities but also 68 hours assigned curriculum. Most of schools assigned with hours for a week to discretional activities Teacher thought such organization and operations on times are enough. But they thought they were operated formally. 3. Teachers focus on creative discretional activities than text-related discretional activities. There are many text activities related to general subjects on their contents. Korean and Mathematics classes are true of intensifying-supplemented learning. Text-activities related to general subject education of human nature, instuction about basic life habit, environmental education, and education of citizens. Among these they chose and instruct two to six scopes. And subject investigation learning like chinese letters, computer, English etc are true of self-study activities. Students' requests were reflected a little on discretional activities contents. But grades level were considered discretional activities construction. In view of teachers, students are the most interested in experience activities contrary to intensifying-supplemented learning.

영산강 하구역의 해양환경 변화

文美姬,曺炷煥,李文燦 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1991 自然科學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

In order to research the physico-chemical elements, such as water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, PO_4-P, transparency and suspended solids, were studied in the Yeongsan river estuary during a decade from 1980 to 1989. The variation of water temperature in the investigated areas was within the range of 2.22∼29.10℃. The salinity varied within the range of 5.87∼33.45‰ throughout the research period, and showed its maximum walue in February and its minimum in August. The salinity was clearly stratified between the surface and the bottom in summer. The salinity of the seaward water was greatly decreased temporarily as low as 5.87‰, in extreme case duo to influx of fresh water. The dissolved oxygen content was reduced in seaward water, but the sporadical oxygen saturated portions were appeared in the plankton-rich areas of the enclosed water. COD increased greately after the enclosure and was particularly high in summer. The concentration of SS and transparency were 48.6mg/l and 0.55m, respectively in 1980, but after the enclosure of the dam these changed remarkly to 8.65mg/l, 2.19m in 1984 as the result of reduced run off of the silt, clay matters and water. The relation coefficient between the concentration of SS and the transparency was calculated as S=86.4982-71.4837T(r=-0.9502) in 1980, but this was changed after the enclosure of the dam to S=22.0384-6.186T(r=-0.6879) in 1984. The concentration of PO_4-P decreased generally after the enclosure of the dam, and large amounts of nutrients discharged across the dam whenever there were bulk outflow of water. The PO_4-P was appeared low in spring in the enclosed water due to flourishing of phytoplanktons.

협동학습에서 팀 구성원의 자기 및 동료평가를 위한 평가문항 개발

부성미,박찬정 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2003 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.6 No.4

제7차 교육과정이 시작되면서 수업의 형태가 다양화되어지고 있다. 이 중에 팀별로 문제를 해결하는 협동학습이 학교에서 진행되고 있는데 협동학습 시 평가를 위한 연구는 많이 진행되고 있지않다. 한편, 웹기반교육인 경우 매체의 특성 때문에 협동학습이 더욱 잘 활용될 수 있다. 향 후, 웹기반 협동학습을 위한 선행연구로서 전통적 협동학습에서 결과 중심의 평가방법을 지양하면서 팀별로 문제해결을 위한 과정을 종합적으로 평가하며 팀 구성원을 개별적으로 평가할 수 있는 새로운 학습자 평가문항이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 ABET EC 2000에서 개발한 프로그램 결과물과 평가에 관한 속성들 중에서 관련되는 속성을 추출하고 Bloom의 인지적 영역을 혼합하여 평가문항을 마련한다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 제안한 평가방법에 의해 반은 점수와 제안한 평가문항으로 설문을 실시한 후의 점수를 이용하여 본 논문의 결과물에 대한 응용 사례를 제시한다. There are various kinds of instructional models in the 7th national curriculum. Among them, cooperative learning is given to students in some schools. In cooperative learning, the items for assessing the team members are required in order to evaluate the individual activities for problem solving, and to know the way of objective thinking each student does. Web-based environment is good for cooperative learning. In this paper, as a previous research work of web-based cooperative learning, we propose new assessment items which are based on the outcome D belongs to the set of 11 student teaming outcomes design attributed framework developed by ABET EC-2000 and the cognitive categories defined by Bloom’s taxonomy. These assessment items consist of self and peer assessment. The self assessment items include the evidence of the students’ thought and their own assessment. On the other hand, the peer assessment can give the students the opportunities to participate in their activities enthusiastically, to offer interactive individual feedbacks, and to develop potential through various experiences.

2차원 스토커 소각론의 SNCR 탈질기술개발에 대한 수치해석

신미수,유승민,유재관,장동순,김동찬 충남대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究 Vol.18 No.-

In this study was the stoker incinerator system with SNCR(Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction). While this system was favored with the view of the possibility of the reducing waste volume and recovery of waste heat, it also has a disadvantage, that is, the need for the second to treat dust, HCl, CO, etc. So far, even though a great deal of research had been done, the study on heat-flow analysis with reduction model and NO reduction with SNCR had not been investigated enough. The temperature distribution in the system and excess amount of oxygen influence the efficiency of NO reduction, resolution in the production, resolution in the production of NO at 1700K and the temperature range of 1200-1250K when the highest NOx reduction efficiency occurred. Hence, this study was focused to flow mixing pattern and NOx reduction efficiency as the flue gas velocity, NH3 injection velocity, particle size and particle density.

치과용 접착제가 복합레진 인레이와 레진시멘트의 결합력에 미치는 영향

송미혜,박수정,조현구,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.5

본 연구는 레진시멘트의 레진인레이에 대한 접착 시 접착제 혹은 primer의 사용이 결합력에 영향을 미치는지 평가하기위해 시행하였다. 직경 5 mm,높이 4.5 mm의 원기둥 형태로 제작한 레진인레이(Tescera, Bisco, USA)의 표면을 1000번,1500번 그리고 2000번 사포로 주수 하에서 연마하여 평편한 면을 형성한 후 레진인레이의 표면에 sandblasting을 시행한 후 표면에 1분 동안 silane을 도포하였다. 2군으로 나누어 한 군은 대조군으로,다른 한 군은 표면에 동일한 제조사의 접착제나 프라이머를 도포한 후 중합하였다. 레진인레이 상에 3 mm 직경의 구멍이 형성된 아크릴판을 고정하고,구멍에 레진 시멘트를 주입하여 경화시켰다. 레진 시멘트는 Panavia-F(Kyrary), Varolink-II(Ivoclar-Vivadent), RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE),Duolink (Bisco)와 자가중합형인 Multilink(Ivoclar-Vivadent)를 사용하였다. 제작된 시편을 만능물성시험기에 위치시고 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 측정 결과 접착제나 프라이머를 도포한 군은 대조군에 비해 전단결합강도가 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 하지만 Variolink-II와 Panavia-F는 전단결합강도의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 대조군에서는 각 레진 시멘트 간에 전단결합강도의 유의한 차이를 보였으며 (p < O.O1),Variolink-II가 가장 높은 결합강도를 보인 반면,자가중합형인 Multilink가 가장 낮은 결합강도를 보였다. 하지만,접착제나 프라이머를 도포한 군에서는 각 제품 간에 전단결합강도의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과 이원중합형이나 자가중합형 레진시멘을 이용하여 레진인레이 부착 시 silane 처리 후 접착제나 프라이머의 도포가 결합 강도의 증가를 위해 필요하리라 사료된다. This study analyzed the influence of dental adhesive/primer on the bond strength between indirect resin composite and the resin cement. Seventy disc specimens of indirect resin composite (Tescera Dentin. Bisco) were fabricated. And bonding area of all specimens were sandblasted and silane treated for one minute. The resin cements were used with or without application of adhesive/primer to bonding area of indirect resin restoration: Variolink-II (Ivoclar-Vivadont): Exite DSC, Panavia-F (Kuraray): ED-Primer, RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE): Single-Bond. Duolink (Bisco): One-step. Mulitlink (Ivoclar-Vivadent): Multilinh Primer. Shear bond strength was measured by Instron universal testing machine. Adhesive application improved shear bond strength (p < 0.05). But Variolink II and Panavia-F showed no statistically significant difference according to the adhesive application. With the above results. when resin inlay is luted by resin cement it seems that application of dental adhesive/primer is necessary in order to improve the bond strength.

고정화 미생물을 이용한 페놀화합물의 분해에 관한 연구

송미정,김종신,원찬희 全北大學校 附設 都市및環境硏究所 1997 都市 및 環境硏究 Vol.12 No.1

Phenolic compounds are toxic and persistent material in the environment, and exhibit objectional tastes and odors. They are commonly found in wastes from the petroleum refining industry, coke-making industry, chemical plants and resin manufactures. The experimental treatment study of phenolic wastewater using immobilized system of Pleurotus cornucopiae and Lentinus edodes was performed under the conditions that the influent phenol concentration 1,000㎎/ℓ, hydraulic retention time 4hr ∼ `0hr, filling rate of immobilized pellets 10∼20%. The treatment system used in this study gives better performance with a shorter hydraulic retention time than the activated sludge process. In the operational condition of influent phenol concentration 1,000㎎/ℓ, 20% of filling rate with immobilized Pleurotus cornucopiae and Lentinus edodes, the national discharge limit of effluent("Na" zone, less than phenol 3㎎/ℓ) was satisfied with less than 10㎏-COD_cr/㎥·day.