Implementation of precedence walking assistance mechanism in exoskeleton with only vertical ground reaction forces

Cha, D.,Oh, S.,Kim, K. I.,Kim, K.-S,Kim, S. IET 2014 Electronics letters Vol.50 No.3

<P>A more rapid detection method for step initiation is an important challenge for muscle force reduction in lower limb exoskeletons. Many studies have attempted to detect step initiation faster via either the precedence walking assistance mechanism or the shadow walking assistance mechanism. Although the precedence walking assistance mechanism is the fastest for the detection of step initiation, this mechanism has limitations while using biosignals. As a result, many studies have attempted to detect step initiation with the shadow walking assistance mechanism as soon as possible. A precedence walking assistance mechanism has been implemented for step initiation in the Unmanned Technology Research Centre Exoskeleton (UTRCEXO) based on gait analysis without using any biosignals. Success was achieved in reducing the muscle force of the operator.</P>

Tolerance of Homosexuality among Korean University Students

( Chad Anderson ),( Mi Ru Lee ) 한국행정학회 2011 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.-

Using Word Association Tests to Explore Korean EFL Learners’ Mental Lexicons

Chad Billiris 한국중앙영어영문학회 2011 영어영문학연구 Vol.53 No.2

Recent teaching methodology has become more interested in the role of vocabulary in the L2 language classroom. The effects of this interest have helped to influence both the importance that second language teachers place on vocabulary acquisition as well as the way vocabulary is presented in lessons and course books. For these reasons many current researchers and teachers have suggested that a more in-depth understanding of L2 learner’s lexical associations could possibly provide a better base for both L2 vocabulary presentation, as well as for L2 learner acquisition. The present essay explores the relationships between two levels of EFL Korean learners’ learned words, lexical associations, and vocabulary development through the use of a word-association test. After drawing comparisons between the two levels, as well as previous word-association tests conducted in both Korea and Japan this essay concludes by stating the following: 1) Word association tests can provide information about how learners make mental associations between words in their L2 mental lexicon. 2) phonological links, paradigmatic, syntagmatic, and syllabic associations are not determined by learner levels.

An Overview of Culture and Tradition in Contemporary US Public Education

Chad Anderson 한국문화정책학회 2015 한국문화정책학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.4

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Asthma

Chad K.Oh 대한천식알레르기학회 2004 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.24 No.2

Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 is a serine protease that, in addition to its major role in hemostasis, is known to play an essential role in tissue remodeling. Recent evidence indicates that chronic asthma may lead to tissue remodeling such as subepithelial fibrosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the airways. However, the role of PAI-1 in asthma is unknown. Recently, we demonstrated that the mast cell (MC), which plays a major role in asthma, is a novel source of PAI-1 and a large number of MCs expressing PAI-1 are infiltrated in the airways of patients with asthma. Furthermore, PAI-1-deficient mice show reduced ECM deposition in the airways of a murine model of asthma. In a human study, the 4G allele frequency of the PAI-1 gene was significantly higher in the asthmatic patients than in the control group. In view of the findings that the 4G allele is associated with elevated plasma PAI-1 level, elevated PAI-1 level in the lung may contribute to the development of asthma. In conclusion, PAI-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma by promoting ECM deposition in the airways of asthmatics.

The Scene of New Songdo

Chad Anderson 한국문화정책학회 2015 문화정책 Vol.2 No.2

The City of Incheon South Korea underwent massive urban development programs during the administration of Mayor Ahn Sangsoo, building on the success of Incheon International Airport, now rated as a top airport in the world. Like the Incheon International Airport, New Songdo is built on land reclaimed from the sea and is connected to Incheon International Airport. New Songdo is both a new town and an international business district, and is designed to be an eco-city and a smart city or ubiquitous city, a city designed to have wireless networked ubiquitous information systems. Songdo is a mix of unusual and contrasting scenes. In some ways it is typical of Korean new towns with concentrated high-rise luxury apartments being built as fast as they can be occupied, and often before local amenities are constructed to serve them. On the other hand the district features an unusual number of parks and natural amenities for a Korean neighborhood, with major parks separating residential housing from high-tech business parks. The neighborhood features a significant number of universities and other research institutions, as well as an international school and other high rated primary and secondary schools. The district is also unusually international in its composition for a Korean neighborhood, with large numbers of foreign residents and English speakers and businesses that cater to them. What face best defines the Scene of New Songdo? An investigation of the amenities in the neighborhood revealed a scene that was much like that of Seoul, but more glamorous, more statist, more corporate, and more rational-much like the usual scene in new town developments. There was less in the scene to reflect the common descriptions of eco-city, smart city, u-city, aerotropolis, or international city. The most expensive private development appears like a usual Korean development town without the urban conflict and likewise could use more utilitarian and exhibitionistic features to speed development as the neighborhood defines itself.

Developing a People's Safety Index

Chad Anderson,이종열 경인행정학회 2010 경인행정학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

An Overview of Culture and Tradition in Contemporary US Public Education

Chad Anderson 한국문화정책학회 2015 문화정책 Vol.2 No.1

A series of factors have come together in recent years to push for the transformation of education in the US including international competition, neoliberalism, the No Child Left Behind Act, the Race to the Top policy, against longer interest in universal general education and more interest in ethnicity, identity, and multiculturalism. This study used data on state graduation requirements from the National Center for Education Statistics from 1993-2013 to examine the current state and trend of arts and culture education in the US. The paper describes the structure and institutional arrangements of US education in order to contextualize the literature, data, and analysis. Next, it examines literature offering possible theoretical explanations for the direction arts and culture have taken in public education. Arts requirements grew in the 1990s and then fell suddenly though they gradually rose to near where they started. Social science requirements declined slightly and then rose again. State history requirements rose slightly in the 1990s and then fell. Second language requirements dropped at the end of the 1990s. Overall, the data were consistent with the explanation of increasing competitive pressures reducing arts in the 2000s following an increase in interest during the heyday of multiculturalism in the 1990s

Nanobiotechnology II: More Concepts and Applications

Chad A. Mirkin,Christof M. Niemeyer 한국산업식품공학회 2008 식품과 기계 Vol.5 No.1

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Chinese Cities : Evidence from Liaoning Province

Chad Anderson,Jong Youl Lee,Bo Wang 한국자치행정학회 2015 한국자치행정학보 Vol.29 No.4

중국의 도시화가 가속화되고 이러한 도시화가 세계적으로 정치, 경제, 사회, 문화, 한경 등 많은 분야에 중요한 영향을 미치게 되었다. 중국 경제는 여전히 자국 내 투자가 부족한 상태이며, 이에 따라 FDI가 자국 내 기업가로써의 역할이 요구된다. 본 연구는 무엇이 중국 도시 내의 FDI를 결정하는지 알아보기 위해 랴오닝 지방 14개 도시의 10년간의 데이터를 분석하였다. 다양한 정책과 다양한 경제적 주안점을 가진 랴오닝 지방 14개 도시의 10년간의 데이터는 그와는 대조적인 예시를 제시하는 중국 지역의 자료를 분석하기 위하여 이용되었다. 본 연구는 FDI와 관련된 요인들을 추정하기 위하여 시계열 데이터를 사용하여 STATA random effects GLS 회귀모형을 사용하여 분석하였다. 종속 변수는 FDI이며 USD$ 10.000단위 기준으로 측정되었다. 선행연구사례에서 확인된 FDI의 다양한 요인들에 대한 효과를 테스트하기 위해 11개의 독립변수들이 사용되었다. 인구 밀도, 1인당 국내 총생산, 제 3차 산업, 실업률, 부동산 분야 종사자 수, 정보통신기술 분야 종사자 수, 과학기술분야 종사자 수, 보건사회복지 분야 종사자 수, 개인 소득세, 정부 부채, 해안경제구역 관련 더미변수가 이에 포함된다. 더미변수를 제외하고는 모든 독립변수가 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 보건과 사회복지 고용은 부의 관계를 보였으며, 그 외 통계적 유의성을 가진 변수들은 모두 정의 관계를 보였다. 부동산 고용의 정의 관계가 있는 것을 제외하면 결과는 예측과 거의 동일하게 나타났다. China has become an urbanized country and the number of Chinese mega cities has been increasing, making Chinese urbanism a significant force in the world. The Chinese economy still lacks sufficient domestic investment, requiring FDI to play the role of domestic entrepreneur.This study examines ten years of data from the 14 cities of Liaoning Province to explore local Chinese data from Chinese cities that provide contrasting examples from cities with different policy and different economic emphasis in order to discover what determines FDI in Chinese cities.This study used time series data with a random effects GLS regression model to estimate the factors correlating with FDI.The dependent variable was FDI, measured in units of USD$10,000. Eleven independent variables were employed to test the effects on FDI of different factors identified in the literature review. These included population density, per capita GDP, tertiary industry, unemployment, real estate employment, ICT employment, science and technology employment, health and social welfare employment, personal income tax, government debt, and a dummy variable for the Coastal Economic Zone. All of the independent variables were significant except for the dummy variable.All of the significant variables were positive except for health and social welfare employment, which was negative. The findings were consistent with predictions, except for the positive result for real estate employment.