Botulinum Toxin in Facial Aesthetics Affects the Emotion Process: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Ana Carolina de Figueiredo Costa(Ana Carolina de Figueiredo Costa ),Everton Cavalcante da Silva(Everton Cavalcante da Silva ),Delane Viana Gondim(Delane Viana Gondim ) 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.4

This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effects of the btulinum toxin-A (BT-A) in patiets with mood disorders. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and LILACS were searched without restrictions up to July 2022. The PICOS strategy was used for the selection of studies and risk-of-bias assessment was performed using Cochrane’s tool for RCTs. RCTs were included if they compared BT-A treatment on facial muscles in patients with mood disorders to placebo. After assessment of the full texts, seven studies were selected. Five studies had low risk of bias for the generation of random sequence and blinding of participants and professional domains. A total of four studies showed a low risk of bias for the allocation concealment and blinding of the evaluation of the domain results. The domain of selective reports showed a low risk of bias in all included studies. However, four studies presented a high risk of bias for the domain of other biases. The meta-analysis was based on the mean difference or standardized mean difference between the BT-A and placebo groups for each selected trial and revealed that the BT-A group showed a significant improvement in the symptoms of depression when compared to placebo. This study revealed that the BT-A application into mimic muscles of the upper third of the face improves the mood disorders, but it was not possible to guarantee whether the aesthetic benefits can contribute to reducing the severity of the depressive state.

기획특집 : 아시아-태평양 지역의 이주와 트랜스내셔널리즘 ; 남미의 한인 교포 1.5세 : 초국가적 상호작용의 재발견

Carolina Mera 국제비교한국학회 2010 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.18 No.3

본 연구에서는 북 남미 지역의 한인 교포 1.5세의 이동성을 초국가적 이민 현상을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 연구문제는 남미의 이민자들이 직업적, 전문적 기회를 확대하기 위하여 어떻게 초국적이민자 네트워크를 활용하여 새로운 이민도시에 적응하고 있는가에 초점을 맞추었다. 이민 1세대 또는 이민 2세대와는 구분되는 개념으로, 한국에서 학교를 다닌 경험이 있는 이민 1.5세대의 이동경로를 그들의 사회적 자본, 문화적 자본의 측면에서 분석하였다. 초국적 이민자 네트워크와 이민 1.5세대의 양문화주의적 자본은 재이민의 유형에 영향을 미치고, 이러한 이동성은 이들의 새로운 이민국에서 긍정적으로 작용할 것으로 추정하였다. 민속지적 연구를 통하여 본 연구에서는 공동체적 사회적 자본이 두 번째 이민국으로의 이동과 그 후 정착에 어떠한 역할을 하는지 알아보았다. 이들의 교육적 배경, 스페인어 또는 포르투갈어 등 언어능력 등 문화 자본은 그 후 직업적 측면에서 스페인어권 공동체를 찾아들어가는 데 도움이 되고 있었다. 즉, 사회적 자본과 문화적 자본이 재이 민국 에서의 각각의 역할을 수행하고 있었다. 1.5세대의 제3국으로의 이민에 대한 관찰을 통하여 본 연구에서는 문화적응 또는 통합에 대한 기존의 논의에 대한 새로운 문제제기를 할 수 있었다. 양 문화 주의적 정체성을 지닌 이민자들은 그들의 문화정체성을 유지하면서 이민자 공동체에서의 정체성을 재확인하지만, 그들의 일 또는 전문 분야에서는 이민국에서 터득한 문화자을 적극 활용하여 새로운 국가에서의 삶의 조건을 영유하는데 활용하고 있다는 점을 발견하게 되었다. This article explores the migration of young members of e 1.5 generation, who are the protagonists of significant regional mobility in South and North America. The main research question in this article is as follows: we do transnational diasporas networks promote mobility in arch of better work and professional opportunities and improve the prospects for migrants arriving in their new cities? I hypothesize that the transnational networks and the bicultural capital (of young Koreans) influences the pattern of re-emigration, promoting the mobility and allowing migrants to achieve better prospects in their new homes. Community social capital provides networks that support the move and the initial stages of life in the new location, whereas cultural capital, particularly in the form of educational qualifications and the ability to speak Spanish or Portuguese, helps migrants find a place in certain Spanish-speaking niches and ensures a certain degree of professional success. These factors suggest that transnational networks promote mobility in the search for better professional and work opportunities and make adjusting to life a new city easier and more efficient. The re-emigration of 1.5-generation Korean professionals facilitates the ongoing debate related to the integration or assimilation of migrants in the diasporas processes, as bicultural migrants maintain their ethnic identity in terms of ethnic attachment and ethnic solidarity but professionally acclimate themselves to working conditions in their new country.

Metabolic Effects of Sulforaphane Oral Treatment in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Carolina Guerini de Souza,José Augusto Sattler,Adriano Martimbianco de Assis,Anderson Rech,Marcos Luiz Santos Perry 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.9

Diabetes has reached epidemic levels in the whole world, and the use of bioactive compounds that may have the capacity to prevent and treat diabetes is of great interest. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a compound which is found in cruciferous vegetables and that acts as both a potent antioxidant and regulator of gene expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SFN in diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Male Wistar rats were gavaged with water or 0.1, 0.25, or 0.5 mg/kg of SFN before an injection of STZ (80 mg/kg). Animals treated with SFN showed fasting glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic glycogen concentrations, similar to the control group (nondiabetic), and different from the diabetic group. Diabetic animals also presented elevated levels of serum triacylglycerols (TAG), urea, and creatinine, and all SFN doses were able to reverse these alterations. However, the same doses of SFN accentuated alterations in total cholesterol, alanine, and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and had no effect on hepatic TAG, HDL cholesterol, and uptake of 2-deoxy glucose in adipose tissue and soleum muscle. Based on the effects inferred by the present data, SFN presented some positive effects against diabetes induction, although the impairment of hepatic function and cholesterol levels were aggravated after treatment with the compound.

Body Composition as a Prognostic Factor of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Toxicity and Outcome in Patients with Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer

Carolina Palmela,Sónia Velho,Lisa Agostinho,Francisco Branco,Marta Santos,Maria Pia Costa Santos,Maria Helena Oliveira,João Strecht,Rui Maio,Marília Cravo,Vickie E. Baracos 대한위암학회 2017 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.17 No.1

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity were associated with early termination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer; additionally, sarcopenic obesity was associated with poor survival.

Prenatal MRI Findings of Fetuses with Congenital High Airway Obstruction Sequence

Carolina V. A. Guimaraes,Leann E. Linam,Beth M. Kline-Fath,Lane F. Donnelly,Maria A. Calvo-Garcia,Eva I. Rubio,Jeffrey C. Livingston,Robert J. Hopkin,Elizabeth Peach,Foong-Yen Lim,Timothy M. Crombleho 대한영상의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.10 No.2

Objective: To define the MRI findings of congenital high airway obstruction sequence (CHAOS) in a series of fetuses. Materials and Methods: Prenatal fetal MR images were reviewed in seven fetuses with CHAOS at 21 to 27 weeks of gestation. The MRI findings were reviewed. The MRI parameters evaluated included the appearance of the lungs and diaphragm, presence or absence of hydrops, amount of amniotic fluid, airway appearance, predicted level of airway obstruction, and any additional findings or suspected genetic syndromes. Results: All the fetuses viewed (7 of 7) demonstrated the following MRI findings: dilated airway below the level of obstruction, increased lung signal, markedly increased lung volumes with flattened or inverted hemidiaphragms, massive ascites, centrally positioned and compressed heart, as well as placentomegaly. Other frequent findings were anasarca (6 of 7) and polyhydramnios (3 of 7). MRI identified the level of obstruction as laryngeal in five cases and tracheal in two cases. In four of the patients, surgery or autopsy confirmed the MRI predicted level of obstruction. Associated abnormalities were found in 4 of 7 (genetic syndromes in 2). Postnatal radiography (n = 3) showed markedly hyperinflated lungs with inverted or flattened hemidiaphragms, strandy perihilar opacities, pneumothoraces and tracheotomy. Two fetuses were terminated and one fetus demised in utero. Four fetuses were delivered via ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure. Conclusion: MRI shows a consistent pattern of abnormalities in fetuses with CHAOS, accurately identifies the level of airway obstruction, and helps differentiate from other lung abnormalities such as bilateral congenital pulmonary airway malformation by demonstrating an abnormally dilated airway distal to the obstruction. Objective: To define the MRI findings of congenital high airway obstruction sequence (CHAOS) in a series of fetuses. Materials and Methods: Prenatal fetal MR images were reviewed in seven fetuses with CHAOS at 21 to 27 weeks of gestation. The MRI findings were reviewed. The MRI parameters evaluated included the appearance of the lungs and diaphragm, presence or absence of hydrops, amount of amniotic fluid, airway appearance, predicted level of airway obstruction, and any additional findings or suspected genetic syndromes. Results: All the fetuses viewed (7 of 7) demonstrated the following MRI findings: dilated airway below the level of obstruction, increased lung signal, markedly increased lung volumes with flattened or inverted hemidiaphragms, massive ascites, centrally positioned and compressed heart, as well as placentomegaly. Other frequent findings were anasarca (6 of 7) and polyhydramnios (3 of 7). MRI identified the level of obstruction as laryngeal in five cases and tracheal in two cases. In four of the patients, surgery or autopsy confirmed the MRI predicted level of obstruction. Associated abnormalities were found in 4 of 7 (genetic syndromes in 2). Postnatal radiography (n = 3) showed markedly hyperinflated lungs with inverted or flattened hemidiaphragms, strandy perihilar opacities, pneumothoraces and tracheotomy. Two fetuses were terminated and one fetus demised in utero. Four fetuses were delivered via ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure. Conclusion: MRI shows a consistent pattern of abnormalities in fetuses with CHAOS, accurately identifies the level of airway obstruction, and helps differentiate from other lung abnormalities such as bilateral congenital pulmonary airway malformation by demonstrating an abnormally dilated airway distal to the obstruction.

Influence of Drainage Terraces on Runoff and Soil Losses under Different Rainfall Patterns in a Small Vineyard Catchment

Carolina Benito,Maria Concepcion Ramos,Jose A. Martinez-Casasnovas 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Effectiveness of Filter Strips in Reducing Soil And Nutrient Losses in a Small Basin with Rainfed Vines as the Main Land Use

Carolina Benito,Maria Concepcion Ramos 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

El tema del sufrimiento en la obra poética de César Vallejo

Carolina Galvis 한국라틴아메리카학회 2011 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.24 No.1

Pain and suffering are important thematic motifs which provide clues to help us understand Cesar Vallejo’s poetic work. The elements related to pain and suffering are manifested through experiences which develop through a process of evolution. In Los heraldos negros, human beings are destined to suffer pain without understanding its cause. The poem expresses a continuous complaint to a God who has abandoned his children, until the one who suffers is transformed and becomes “the real God”. This fact of transformation helps Vallejo to conceive of the idea of a divine pain. Thus, there are many allusions to the imagery of Christianity. In Trilce, his second poetic work, pain is not the central issue but emerges in the word “stuck”, because the word itself is pain. On the other hand, in Poemas humanos (Human poems), pain is “a knowledge source for all who suffer” (fuente de conocimiento de todos los que sufren) (Xirau, 106). Pain now becomes a way of identifying “The Man”, and it becomes a way to consolidate “The Man” into “The One” (lo Uno). Likewise, pain joins anguish as a series occurring through time, where the first experience exceeds the limits of the last one. Finally, in Espana aparta de mi este caliz, suffering is a stream that remakes the world. Man is sacralized to the point of achieving that divinity that way demanded in Los heraldos negros: Now man has become God.

Tailoring of Processing Parameters, Dendritic Microstructure, Si/Intermetallic Particles and Microhardness in As‑cast and Heat‑Treated Samples of Al7Si0.3Mg Alloy

Carolina R. Barbosa,Gabriel H. Machado,Hugo M. Azevedo,Fernando S. Rocha,José C. Filho,Arielly A. Pereira,Otávio L. Rocha 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.3

In this work, solidification and T6-heat treatment experiments were performed with the Al7Si0.3Mg alloy in order to investigatethe effect of processes parameters on the microstructure and microhardness (HV). A directional solidification devicewas used, and the solidification thermal parameters investigated were the growth and cooling rates (VL and TR). The heattreatment applied was the T6 (T6-HT), under the following conditions: solution treatment for 3 h at 520 ± 2 °C, followed byquenching in warm water (70 ± 20 °C), aging for 1, 2, 3 and 4 h at 155 ± 2 °C and air-cooling. The microstructure observedin both as-cast and T6-heat treated samples is composed of a primary phase consisting of an Al-rich dendritic network andsecondary eutectic phases, located within the interdendritic regions, formed by Si and Mg2Siparticles and Fe-intermetallicphases. The dendritic microstructure was characterized by secondary dendritic spacing (λ2) and, for both investigated samples,a single mathematical expression was proposed on the λ2 dependence with the position in the ingot. Spheroidized-likeeutectic Si particles have been found in both analyzed samples for finer microstructures. Elements quantitative and qualitativemicroanalysis by SEM/EDS as well as HV measurement at the dendritic and interdendritic regions attest to the effectivenessof the T6-heat treatment. It is highlighted in this work that mathematical expressions have been proposed to characterizethe HV dependence on aging time.

High prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in individuals with severe obesity: sites, intensity, and associated factors

( Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça ),( Matias Noll ),( Annelisa Silva E Alves De Carvalho Santos ),( Ana Paula Dos Santos Rodrigues ),( Erika Aparecida Silveira ) 대한통증학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.33 No.3

Background: Musculoskeletal pain is associated with obesity; however, information on factors associated with pain in adults with obesity and severe obesity is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain by site and intensity of pain and associated factors in individuals with severe obesity (body mass index ≥ 35.0 kg/m²). Methods: Baseline data from the DieTBra Trial study evaluating pain symptoms in nine body regions over the last seven days using the Nordic Questionnaire on Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Numerical Pain Scale. The variables analyzed using multiple Poisson regression with hierarchical analysis were: sociodemographic, lifestyle, food consumption, clinical, and anthropometric, and the outcome was moderate and intense pain. Results: In 150 participants, there was a high prevalence of ankle and foot pain (68.7%), lower back pain (62.7%), pain in the knees (53.3%) and upper back pain (52.0%), with a predominance of intense pain. Factors associated with pain according to specific sites were: type 2 diabetes with hand/wrist pain; sedentary time with hip pain; insomnia with pain in the hip and knee; edema in the lower limbs with pain in the lower back and ankles/feet; degree of obesity with ankle/foot pain; and percentage of total fat with ankle/foot pain. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of pain and intense pain in individuals with severe obesity and an association with clinical variables, the degree of obesity, and sedentary lifestyle.