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Ahmet Serdar Karaca,Rıdvan Ali,Muzaffer Capar,Sezar Karaca 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.85 No.5
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare two different treatment methods for pilonidal sinus with respect to complications, recurrence, and patient quality of life. Methods: Five hundred forty-nine patients who underwent surgery for pilonidal sinus between January 2007 and August 2012 were included in this study. The patients were classified into group I (excision and primary closure) and group II (Limberg flap). Results: There was no significant difference in the mean age and gender of the patients between groups I and II (P = 0.512 and P = 0.472). The duration of surgical operation was lower in group I (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in hospitalization time after surgery, minor complications, and recurrence between the groups (P = 0.674, P = 1.000, and P = 1.000, respectively). The time required for pain-free walking, urinating, and returning to work was significantly lower in group II (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). The patients in group I stated that they were more satisfied in terms of aesthetics (P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Limberg flap method has better outcomes compared with excision and primary closure. Therefore, we recommend Limberg flap for treatment of pilonidal sinus disease.
Nam, Sang-Ho,Cheng, John,Mindak, William R.,Capar, Stephen G. Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.6
Various extraction procedures were investigated using reference materials and samples to evaluate extraction efficiency and effectiveness. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure total arsenic and to quantitate arsenic species when coupled to an HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography). Arsenic species were extracted from rice flour (NIST SRM 1568a) with water/methanol mixtures using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). Total arsenic extraction efficiency ranged from 42 to 64%, for water and various methanol concentrations. From spinach (NIST SRM 1570), freeze-dried apple, and rice flour (NIST SRM 1568a), arsenic species were extracted with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) at 100 ${^{\circ}C}$. Total arsenic extraction efficiency was 90% for spinach, 75% for freeze-dried apple, and 83% for rice flour. Enzymatic extraction with alpha-amylase and sonication resulted in extraction efficiency of 104% for rice flour, 98% for freeze-dried apple, and 7% for spinach. Chromatograms of arsenic species extracted by the optimum extraction methods were obtained, and the species were quantified. Arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) were found in the apple sample, and DMA and As(V) in the rice flour sample. As(V) and MMA were found in three herbal dietary supplement samples.