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Phosphorus balance in typical rainfield of black soil region in northeast China
Cailian Hao,Weihua Xiao,Yuyan Zhou,Ying Wang 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.4
This research aimed to evaluate the phosphorus balances at field level in black Soil Region in northeast China, which is one of three black soil regions in world and is one of the most important agricultural production regions in China. By using the soil nutrient balance method, the phosphorus balances were calculated for 11 fields representing four tillage practices [Conventional tillage system (TCT), No-tillage with straw covered system (TNT), Reduced tillage system (TRT) and Contour tillage system (TTT)], three vegetation recovery measures [Conventional tillage management (TCT), Vegetation recovery management (VVR) and Bare management (VB)], three land’s slope (3°, 5° and 7°) and three land's length (20 m, 40 m and 60 m). Processes quantified included mineral fertilizer, organic matter and atmospheric deposition (inputs) and harvested products, surface runoff and soil erosion (outputs). Measurements of phosphorus flows were made in the 11 fields and the phosphorous balance of various experiment plots was assessed in a quantified manner in 2013. Moreover, the rainfall, the tillage practices, the flow output and sand output of experiment plots of different slope gradients and lengths and the relations between dissolved phosphorus and particulate phosphorus of 2013 were also analyzed. Results shows that VVR and VB are phosphorus deficiency and the others are phosphorus surplus. Rainfall are the main sources of phosphorus inputs for VVR and VB among the 11 experiment plots, while chemical fertilizers are the main sources for the other 9 zones. Crop harvest and soil erosion are the main outputs of phosphorus in the 11 zones, except in VVR and VB. This research provides support to the farmland nutrient management and the prevention and control of non-point source pollution within the region.
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Cailian Yu,Bolin Li,Kexin Zhang,Fen Li,Hong Yan 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.1
Agricultural waste okara (OA) was selected as a precursor to prepare low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), as a kind of anionic surfactant, was loaded onto okara (SOA) to achieve high adsorption ability. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and X-ray diffraction were investigated for the materials characterization. The effect of pH, contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent dose and ionic strength was determined to explore the adsorption properties. The adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, cost analysis of adsorbent and adsorption mechanism were discussed. And the adsorption equilibrium data fitted well with Langmuir model, while the calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 238.10mg g1 for OA and 334.83mg g1 for SOA, respectively. The kinetics data followed the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters (Ho, Go and So) indicated the spontaneous and exothermal nature. This research reveals that SOA is an effective, low-cost and promising adsorbent on the adsorption of MB on aqueous solution.
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Xia, Lang,Cailian, Wang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.4
Forty-four Gansu Alpine Fine-wool lambs were used to study changes in the activities of three gastric and five pancreatic enzymes under grazing conditions between 0 and 56 days of age. The lambs were slaughtered on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56, the abomasal contents, mucosa and pancreas were immediately removed and placed into liquid nitrogen and enzyme activities were determined. Gastric enzyme (chymosin, pepsin and pregastrc esterase) activities were relatively high at birth, especially chymosin, but decreased quickly between day 0 and 21. The activity of pepsin changed insignificantly with increasing age. There was no significant change in the pancreatic enzyme activities (trypsin, chymotrypsin, ${\alpha}$-amylase, lipase and lactase). The activity of trypsin was relatively higher than that of the other pancreatic enzymes, and lactase activity was low. These ontogenic patterns might be under the control of many gut regulatory peptides, the plasma concentrations of which changed simultaneously. Some gastric and pancreatic enzymes were correlated with plasma concentrations of these gut regulatory peptides.
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Na Liu,Chengdong Wu,Cailian Gu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.5
Photovoltaic power generation is clean, non-polluting, inexhaustible, but its characteristics of randomness, volatility and intermittent also produce its negative effects on power system economic, safe and reliable operation, which cannot be ignored. Storage battery in photovoltaic power generation system can not only absorb excess energy reserves, but also can stabilize the fluctuation, cut a peak to fill the valley and the stable voltage, it is very important and key part, At the same time, the energy storage capacity of the rational allocation of system not only for the photovoltaic power generation system of construction cost, also affects the performance and the service life of the system. This paper is based on the amount of solar radiation data of Liaoning area, proposed the hypothesis that PV fluctuation characteristics accord with normal distribution characteristics ,and fitted by normal distribution probability density function, verified the assumption of normal distribution, and proposed a selection strategy of energy storage power based on the normal distribution, Established mathematical model of battery energy storage capacity configuration, and regards the total power standard deviation, fluctuation of power capacity and power fluctuation rate as evaluation indicators to measure the effects of the long-term and short-term fluctuation of the storage battery on stabilizing fluctuation of photovoltaic power generation , through the examples and simulation proved that the model is correct and reasonable.
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Na Liu,Chengdong Wu,Cailian Gu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.5
The charging and discharging control and management of the energy storage battery are the key links to influence the performance and the service life of the battery in photovoltaic system. According to the inherent characteristics of power terminal of photovoltaic power generation system, this paper designs a control operation mode of a paralleling and independent controlling structure, uses charging and discharging controlled strategy by time-sharing grouped , combines the constant current charging, pulse charge and floating charge trickle charge. The main features of the integrated control strategy method is capable of more efficient utilization intensity of solar radiation, more reasonable control of charging storage energy system. According to the improvement of the structural design of the existing project 100KW photovoltaic engineering power system, and observation and analysis about a large amount of data, the charging effect is obviously improved compared with the former system.
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