What is in a Heroine’s Name? Beatrice-Joanna in The Changeling

Ivan Canadas 한국중세근세영문학회 2012 중세르네상스 영문학 Vol.20 No.1

This article discusses the significance of the name of the female protagonist of Middleton and Rowley’s The Changeling, and addresses the play’s engagement with early modern discourses of gender, patriarchal authority, rank and national identity. It identifies literary allusions, both to Dante’s Beatrice, and to Joan of Arc, as depicted in Shakespeare’s Henry VI, Part I. It considers The Changeling (1622) in relation to the revenge tragedy subgenre for which Thomas Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy (ca. mid-1580s; pub. 1592) had established a pattern for dramatists around thirty years prior to the writing of The Changeling. That Kyd’s play also shares The Changeling’s Spanish setting—within a tradition of perverse, Italianate settings in English drama—is of considerable importance to a proper understanding of the Middleton-Tourneur play, its plot, and the villainous couple at its heart: De Flores and the female villain, Beatrice-Joanna. Such dramatic conventions involving the setting were, moreover, topically aggravated through widespread Protestant animosities against a proposed marriage alliance—the ‘Spanish Match’ crisis—between Spain and England in the 1620s, as noted by other critics. Lastly, a case is presented, involving the historical, Spanish queen figure of Juana la loca—Joan(na) the Mad (1479-1555)—which highlights the roles of gender-conflict, madness and marriage alliances with England, pertinent in the context of The Changeling’s themes and of the play’s setting in Alicante, also the place of residence of the English merchant, John Reynolds, author of the play’s source.

Going Wilde: Prendick, Montgomery and Late-Victorian Homosexuality in The Island of Doctor Moreau

( Ivan Canadas ) 한국영어영문학회 2010 영어 영문학 Vol.56 No.3

The Shadow of Virgil and Augustus on Chaucer’s House of Fame

Ivan Canadas 한국중세근세영문학회 2010 중세르네상스 영문학 Vol.18 No.1

In Chaucer’s House of Fame, the narrator describes statues of Virgil and of Ovid (1481-87), the lines long-interpreted as implying the predominance of Mars over Jupiter in the Aeneid. It is apparent, however, that Chaucer—ironic in his use of “auctorite,” and familiar with a range of contrasts between Virgil and Ovid—particularly with the latter’s irreverent, subversive and carnivalesque approach to imperial myths in the Heroides and Fasti—in fact, described those statues to comment incisively on Virgil’s role in bolstering the political prestige of Augustus, first Roman emperor. Furthermore, Virgil’s exaltation of Augustus’s authority by implicit analogy with “pius Aeneas” was consistent and complementary with Augustus’s own self-construction in the Res Gestae Divi Augusti, which appealed to the Latin concept of auctoritas and to the ideals of filial piety and symbolic fatherhood to mystify the princeps’ authoritarian usurpation of political power. Thus, also, Chaucer’s equivalent use of Middle-English term, auctorite, and his symbolic descriptions of the statues of Virgil and Ovid, highlight new evidence of Chaucer’s ironic perspective of political and literary authority.

Proud Plebeians Meet Monarchs: Thomas Deloney’s Jack of Newbury and Lope de Vega’s El villano en su rincón

Ivan Canadas 한국고전중세르네상스영문학회 2021 중세근세영문학 Vol.31 No.2

Plebeian heroes, and their dignity, status and social aspirations, in early modern England and Spain, are illustrated in two representative works, Thomas Deloney’s romance, Jack of Newbury (1597), which celebrates a weaver’s success, including his meetings with royals, and Lope de Vega’s El villano en su rincón (1614), a bittersweet comedia about a proud, wealthy peasant, who has the (mis)fortune to meet his king. The present paper examines a significant pattern of commonalities between the protagonists, who bridge the gap between the ordinary commoner and members of the gentry and nobility above, and how their status, desires and claims are described and depicted by others or expressed by the characters themselves, particularly when they address their monarchs. By these means, this paper highlights how these two works reflect the differences in social significance, aspirations and anxieties surrounding the emergent, so-called “middling sort” in England, and its lesssuccessful, Spanish analogue.

Abjection and Sacrifice in Christos Tsiolkas’ “Merciless Gods” (2014)

( Ivan Canadas ) 한국영어영문학회 2019 영어 영문학 Vol.65 No.3

This paper examines “Merciless Gods” (2014) by Australian writer- Christos Tsiolkas, whose novels include Loaded (1995), Dead Europe (2005), The Slap (2008) and Barracuda (2013), all since adapted for film or television. Tsiolkas’ fiction delves into contemporary social issues, often in an urban or suburban Australian setting, withcharacters who often reflect Tsiolkas’ own homosexual identity and his upbringing in ethnically-diverse Melbourne. A complex narrative, “Merciless Gods” questions our world’s capacity to preserve social cohesion in the face of inequality andself-absorption. As an unnamed narrator recalls a confessional party game which unfolded among old friends, his framework of successive narratives leads to a climactic revelation which shattered the group’s unity and left each friend individually, personally, shaken after one of them, Vince, claimed to have committed a horridcrime in a remote, foreign land. However, intellectual games of abjection, sublimation, sacrifice and redemption―and, conversely, condemnation and ostracism―arguably reveal the monster among the innocent as art’s Gnostic savior, suggesting that Vince and the unnamed narrator are an ironic, dualistic projection of Tsiolkas himself― a willing scapegoat, sacrificing self for his friends’, and readers’, moral purification.

The Power of Money: From Horace to Jonson and Quevedo

Ivan Canadas 한국중세근세영문학회 2016 중세르네상스 영문학 Vol.24 No.1

This paper examines the Classical motif of the power of money as found in Horace’s satire of materialism (Sat. I.1, II.3, Ep. I.2, I.6) and the use of this motif in the satires of Ben Jonson (Volp. I.1, The Forest: 'Robert Wroth', 'Countess of Rutland', Misc. 'The Power of Gold') and some Spanish poets of the same period: Rioja (“To Wealth”), Fernández de Andrada (“Moral Epistle to Fabio”) and, especially, the satirist Francisco de Quevedo (Son, Let. Sat., vi,vii,viii,xviii, and “Poderoso caballero es don Dinero”). These poets wrote from similar positions in the conservative opposition to the loosening of the traditional social hierarchy—something that is borne out by an examination of their use of the Classical motif of the power of money. Their work exhibits a dual concern to satirise both specific transgressions of the traditional social order and the cultural changes—i.e.: the rise of a materialist ethos—associated with such transgression.

Bridge deflection evaluation using strain and rotation measurements

Sousa, Helder,Cavadas, Filipe,Henriques, Abel,Bento, Joao,Figueiras, Joaquim Techno-Press 2013 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.11 No.4

Monitoring systems currently applied to concrete bridges include strain gauges, inclinometers, accelerometers and displacement transducers. In general, vertical displacements are one of the parameters that more often need to be assessed because their information reflects the overall response of the bridge span. However, the implementation of systems to continuously and directly observe vertical displacements is known to be difficult. On the other hand, strain gauges and inclinometers are easier to install, but their measurements provide no more than indirect information regarding the bridge deflection. In this context, taking advantage of the information collected through strain gauges and inclinometers, and the processing capabilities of current computers, a procedure to evaluate bridge girder deflections based on polynomial functions is presented. The procedure has been implemented in an existing software system - MENSUSMONITOR -, improving the flexibility in the data handling and enabling faster data processing by means of real time visualization capabilities. Benefiting from these features, a comprehensive analysis aiming at assessing the suitability of polynomial functions as an approximate solution for deflection curves, is presented. The effect of boundary conditions and the influence of the order of the polynomial functions on the accuracy of results are discussed. Some recommendations for further instrumentation plans are provided based on the results of the present analysis. This work is supported throughout by monitoring data collected from a laboratory beam model and two full-scale bridges.

Bridge deflection evaluation using strain and rotation measurements

Helder Sousa,Filipe Cavadas,Abel Henriques,Joaquim Figueiras,João Bento 국제구조공학회 2013 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.11 No.4

Monitoring systems currently applied to concrete bridges include strain gauges, inclinometers,accelerometers and displacement transducers. In general, vertical displacements are one of the parameters that more often need to be assessed because their information reflects the overall response of the bridge span. However, the implementation of systems to continuously and directly observe vertical displacements is known to be difficult. On the other hand, strain gauges and inclinometers are easier to install, but their measurements provide no more than indirect information regarding the bridge deflection. In this context, taking advantage of the information collected through strain gauges and inclinometers, and the processing capabilities of current computers, a procedure to evaluate bridge girder deflections based on polynomial functions is presented. The procedure has been implemented in an existing software system –MENSUSMONITOR –, improving the flexibility in the data handling and enabling faster data processing by means of real time visualization capabilities. Benefiting from these features, a comprehensive analysis aiming at assessing the suitability of polynomial functions as an approximate solution for deflection curves,is presented. The effect of boundary conditions and the influence of the order of the polynomial functions on the accuracy of results are discussed. Some recommendations for further instrumentation plans are provided based on the results of the present analysis. This work is supported throughout by monitoring data collected from a laboratory beam model and two full-scale bridges.

Incidence Trends in Liver Cancer by Histological Subtype in the Philippines, 2003-2012: A Population- Based Study

( Jansen Marcos Cambia ),( Jin Kyoung Oh ),( Jayson Cagadas Pasaol ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Liver cancer (LC) is currently the sixth most common type of cancer with an increasing incidence in the Philippines. The study aimed to analyze time trends in LC incidence over the 10-year period. Herein, we provide model-based estimates of limited time LC cases by histological subtype from year 2003- 2012. Methods: Data for calculating LC incidence rates in 2003-2012 were obtained from the population-based Department of Health- Rizal Cancer Registry. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze trends and estimate annual percentage change (APC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) on LC incidence by histological subtypes, time- period, sex, and calculated incidence counts, rates per 100,000 person-years. Results: LC incidence shows increasing average annual rates in the past 10 years, observed rates overall (10.94), men (15.53) and women (6.39). Among LC histological subtype in carcinoma, hepatocellular contribute highest rates, in men (15.19) and women (5.23), followed by unspecified carcinoma, in men (1.73) and women (0.78). Incidence trend declines in both sexes, and increases thereafter, in men in 2007 (APC: 16.82, 95% CI: -5.70; 44.80) and women in 2008 (APC: 19.95, 95% CI: -21.7; 83.7). The highest increase in average annual percentage change (AAPC) among LC histological subtype were observe to hepatoblastoma, in men (AAPC: 4.91, 95% CI: -8.90; 20.80) and women (AAPC: 16.33, 95% CI: -0.60; 34.50). Along with cholangiocarcinoma shows an increasing AAPC, in men (AAPC: 3.68, 95% CI: -7.90; 16.70) and women (AAPC: 0.15, 95% CI: -14.1; 16.7). Conclusions: The study revealed from 2003-2012, LC incidence trends by histological subtype were consistently increased. Among LC histological subtypes, an increase in incidence was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma for the past 10-year period. Targeted screening and treatment in hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), treatment of diabetes, and primary prevention of obesity, will be the possible solutions in reducing the increasing LC incidence.