Retraction Note: “Nonlinear Backstepping Control Design of LSM Drive System Using Adaptive Modified Recurrent Laguerre Orthogonal Polynomial Neural Network” [IJCAS (2017) 15(2):905-917]

Chih-Hong Lin 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2021 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.19 No.4

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] because it contains significant overlap with a previous publication by the same author [2]. This article is therefore redundant. Author Chih-Hong Lin agrees to this retraction.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (TiZrHf)50(NiCoCu)50 High Entropy Alloys

Chih‑Hsuan Chen,Yue‑Jin Chen,Jia‑Jyun Shen 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.5

The microstructure and mechanical properties of pseudo-binary (TiZrHf)50(NiCoCu)50 high entropy alloys(HEAs) with B2 matrix were investigated in this study. The studied HEAs includes Ti40Zr10Ni40Co5Cu5,Ti30Zr20Ni30Co10Cu10,Ti25Zr25Ni16.67Co16.67Cu16.67,Ti30Zr10Hf10Ni30Co10Cu10,Ti20Zr15Hf15Ni20Co15Cu15,andTi16.67Zr16.67Hf16.67Ni16.67Co16.67Cu16.67. XRD and SEM analyses revealed that all studied HEAs were a mixture of B2 andC15 intermetallic phases, instead of a single solid solution, due to their highly negative enthalpy of mixing and the relativelylarge difference in atomic radii. The B2 matrix was found capable of forming a solid solution of all six elements in a widecomposition range. The lattice constants of B2 and C15 phases increase linearly with increasing the difference in atomicradii. Additionally, the microhardness of these HEAs increases from 409 to 595 HV with the increasing difference in atomicradii as well. Compression tests demonstrated substitution of Zr with Hf can improve the ductility. In all studied HEAs, theTi30Zr10Hf10Ni30Co10Cu10HEA achieves a great balance between yield strength, ultimate compressive strength, and fracturestrain of 1574 MPa, 1933 MPa, and 6.5%, respectively.

台灣對管制規範的改革 : 以對電子媒體核發臨時執照的運用為核心

吳志光 梨花女子大學校 法學硏究所 2015 法學論集 Vol.19 No.4

For the purposes of legal norms, all regulations are to overall efficiency, but excessive regulation will be mutual interference as to obstruct efficiency. The regulatory reform has become a responsibility of guarantor state. But for the fair competition or maintenance of social diversity shall be means special permission of regulation, this is the concerns of economic administrative law and Fair Trade Act. In particular, for regulation of electronic media involves freedom of expression and make it easier for controversial issue. In July 2005 Taiwan’s Government unprecedentedly rejected seven satellite broadcasting and television operator's application for the renewal of the operation license. At the time it caused much controversy. In support of the rule of law and procedures, which has a certain worth exploring. How to avoid producing all or none as a result of regulation, traditionally mainly to make administrative disposition with the incidental provision of agrees to the application licensing, mostly is the "conditions" or "burden" manner. But this way is not without controversy, in particular administrative discretion often become the focus of controversy. In 2007 the Cable Radio and Television Act amendments to new articles 35-1,1) it is creation of the "temporary operation license” as a new models of regulation. The regulatory reform is also as a responses of controversy in 2005. The temporary operation license could replace direct refused to apply for the renewal of the operation license, and also can be replaced by making a provisional injunction of Administrative Court. More importantly, the temporary operation license created the regulatory measures for the time foresee the possibility, this is the lack of the administrative disposition with incidental provision by the advantages. After all the purpose of regulation to public interests. At the same time how to balance the rights of the applicant of operation license, the temporary operation license should be the greatest common divisor.

Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Characteristics of Non-Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscesses in Elderly (>65 Years) and Nonelderly Patients

Chih-Weim Hsiang,Wei-Chou Chang,Chang-Hsien Liu,Hsiu-Lung Fan,Kai-Hsiung Ko,Chih-Yung Yu,Hong-Hau Wang,Wen-I Liao,Hsian-He Hsu 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.2

Purpose: To compare the clinical and computed tomography (CT) appearances of liver abscesses caused by non-Klebsiella pneumoniae bacterial pathogens in elderly and nonelderly patients. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients with confirmed non-Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscesses (non-KPLAs) were enrolled and dividedinto two age groups: elderly (age ≥65 years, n=42) and nonelderly (age <65 years, n=38). Diagnosis of non-KPLA was established by pus and/or blood culture. We compared clinical presentations, outcomes, and CT characteristics of the two groups, and performed multivariate analysis for significant variables and receiver-operating-characteristic analysis to determine the cutoff value of abscess diameter for predicting non-KPLA. Results: Elderly patients with non-KPLA were associatedwith a longer hospital stay (p<0.01). Regarding etiology, biliary sources had a strong association in the elderly group (p<0.01), and chronic liver diseases were relatedto the nonelderly group (p<0.01). Non-KPLAs (52.5%) tended to show a large, multiloculated appearance in the elderly group and were associated with bile duct dilatation (p<0.01), compared with the nonelderly group. The abscess diameter (cutoff value, 5.2 cm; area under the curve, 0.78) between the two groups was predicted. In multivariate analysis, underlying biliary tract disease [odds ratio (OR), 3.58, p<0.05], abscess diameter (OR, 2.40, p<0.05), and multiloculated abscess (OR, 1.19, p<0.01) independently predicted elderly patients with non-KPLA. Conclusion:In the elderly patients with non-KPLA, a large, multiloculated abscess with a diameter greater than 5.2 cm was the predominant imaging feature.

Precise 5-Axis Grooving of Tire Mold Based on Surface Re-Parameterization

Chih-Hsing Chu,Chih-Hsin Hsu 한국정밀공학회 2013 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.

Grooving of tire mold is a complex machining process. The profile of a groove must be precisely formed on the road surface while the machining deviation of the wall surface must meet its design specifications. Previous tool path planning methods driven by optimization of machining errors perform unacceptably because of those restrictions. This paper proposes a new approach for precise 5-axis grooving of tire mold. Surface re-parameterization based on the two curve parameters of a ruled surface is applied to maximize the developability of the wall surface using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The machining errors produced by moving the cutter along the resultant rulings is thus reduced. Grooving of a real tire mold demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Applying Theory of Constraint on Logistic Management in Large Scale Construction Sites~A Case Study of Steel Bar in TFT-LCD Factory Build-Up

( Chih Yao Huang ),( Ching Piao Chen ),( Rong Kwei Li ),( Chih Hung Tsai ) 한국품질경영학회 2008 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.9 No.1

Taiwanese Female Vegetarians Have Lower Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Compared with Omnivores

Chih-Wei Chen,Chin-Lon Lin,Chih-Ta Lin,Ying-Lung Lin,Tin-Kwang Lin 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.1

Purpose: Many studies supported that vegetarians have a lower risk of cardiac diseases and mortality, partly due to better blood pressure and serum cholesterol profiles. However, the inflammatory markers, especially lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), have not been well-studied. This study aimed to compare inflammatory markers and conventional risk factors between vegetarians and omnivores. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seventy-three vegetarians and 190 omnivores were studied. Fasting blood samples were obtained to compare levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, homocysteine, Lp-PLA2 activity, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Results: Vegetarians had higher serum levels of the following markers: hs-CRP (1.8 ± 3.4 vs. 1.2 1.8 mg/L, respectively; p = 0.05), homocysteine (9.39 ± 3.22 vs. 7.62 ± 2.41 μmol/L, respectively; p < 0.01), and triacylglycerol (96.91 ± 59.56 vs. 84.66 ± 43.24 mg/dL, respectively; p < 0.05). Vegetarians also had lower levels of Lp-PLA2 (18.32 ± 7.19 10-3 μmol/min/mL vs. 20.22 8.13 10-3 μmol/min/mL; p < 0.05), total cholesterol (180.62 ± 36.55 mg/dL vs. 192.73 ± 36.57 mg/dL; p < 0.01), LDL cholesterol (118.15 ± 32.8 vs. 126.41 ± 34.28 mg/dL; p < 0.05), and HDL cholesterol (55.59 ± 13.30 vs. 62.09 ± 14.52 mg/dL, p < 0.01). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that a vegetarian diet increases the chances for high serum hs-CRP and low Lp-PLA2 activity. Conclusion: In addition to lower total cholesterol,LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol, Taiwanese female vegetarians have lower serum Lp-PLA2 activity but higher levels of hs-CRP, homocysteine, and triacylglyerol. It might be due to geographic differences of vegetarian diets, and further studies are needed.

Thermal conductivity of micro hot-pressed AlN ceramics fabricated using a conventional MoSi2 heating element furnace

Chih-Peng Lin,Chih-Hung Chu,Shaw-Bing Wen,Yun-Hwei Shen 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2011 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.12 No.5

AlN samples doped with sub-micron Y2O3 and CaO powders as sintering additives obtained using the micro hot-pressed (MHPed) sintering method in a MoSi2 heating element furnace were investigated. The minor amounts of secondary phases were identified as Al5Y3O12, CaYAl3O7, and CaAl4O7, which are related to the low sintering temperature as well as the removal of oxygen-related defects in the system. Relative densities of over 96% of the theoretical value were obtained after sintering at 1600 oC for 8 h, indicating that an adequate amount of additives and the use of the micro hot-pressed (MHPed) sintering process help improve the densification and thermal conductivity of AlN ceramics. The high thermal conductivity of 130Wm−1K−1was attributed to the purification of the AlN lattice, the elimination of some secondary phases, and the grain boundary phase distribution.

Precipitation Behavior of σ Phase in Fusion Zone of Dissimilar Stainless Steel Welds during Multi-Pass GTAW Process

( Chih Chun Hsieh ),( Tao Chih Chang ),( Dong Yih Lin ),( Ming Che Chen ),( Wei Te Wu ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.5

The purpose of this study is to investigate the precipitation characteristics of σ phase in the fusion zone of stainless steel welds at various welding passes during a tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process. The morphology, quantity, and chemical composition of the δ-ferrite and σ phase were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), a ferritscope (FS), a X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), and a wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS), respectively. Massive δ-ferrite was observed in the fusion zone of the first pass welds during welding of dissimilar stainless steels. The σ phase precipitated at the inner δ-ferrite particles and decreased δ-ferrite content during the third pass welding. The σ and δ phases can be stabilized by Si element, which promoted the phase transformation of δ→σ + γ2 in the fusion zone of the third pass welds. It was found that the σ phase was a Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound found in the fusion zone of the third pass welds during multi-pass welding.

Effects of Additives of CaO and Rare-Earth Oxides on the Sintering Behavior of AlN Ceramics

Chih-Hung Chu,Yun-Hwei Shen,Chih-Peng Lin,Shaw-Bing Wen 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.5

The effect of additives of CaO plus three different rare-earth oxides (Y, Sm and Gd, separately) on the sintering behavior of AlN ceramics has been evaluated at 1700℃ by using a MoSi2 heater and ambient atmosphere. The results of density measurements show that the atomic weight of the rare-earth element may substantially affect the apparent density of the sintered AlN specimen due to the kinetics of atomic diffusion during sintering. The optimum results of this study show that these additives are effective in obtaining an apparent density of 3.26 g/cm3 (approaching a 100 % theoretical density of AlN). The Vicker's hardness of the sintered AlN can reach a high value of 1310 kg/mm2 and an apparent density of 3.34 g/cm3. A longer soaking time of between 3 and 5 h is necessary to practically eliminate the minor oxide phases. The effect of additives of CaO plus three different rare-earth oxides (Y, Sm and Gd, separately) on the sintering behavior of AlN ceramics has been evaluated at 1700℃ by using a MoSi2 heater and ambient atmosphere. The results of density measurements show that the atomic weight of the rare-earth element may substantially affect the apparent density of the sintered AlN specimen due to the kinetics of atomic diffusion during sintering. The optimum results of this study show that these additives are effective in obtaining an apparent density of 3.26 g/cm3 (approaching a 100 % theoretical density of AlN). The Vicker's hardness of the sintered AlN can reach a high value of 1310 kg/mm2 and an apparent density of 3.34 g/cm3. A longer soaking time of between 3 and 5 h is necessary to practically eliminate the minor oxide phases.