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Cher Won Hwang 韓國環境農學會 2009 한국환경농학회지 Vol.28 No.4
In the present study, we analyzed the defensin protein deduced from Korean radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds.To express the genes in E. coli, we constructed a recombinant expression vector with a defensin gene, named rKRs-AFP gene isolated from Korean radish seeds. Over expressed rKRs-AFP proteins was separated by SDS-PAGE to determine the purity, and protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method. Antifungal activity was assessed by disk assay method against the tested fungi. As a result, when 500 mL of cell culture were disrupted by sonicator, 32.5 mg total proteins were obtained. The purified protein showed a single band on SDS-PAGE with estimated molecular weight about 6 KDa, consistent with the molecular mass calculated from the deduced amino acid sequence. The purified rKRs-AFP protein showed remarkable antifungal activities against several fungi including Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea causing the gray mold disease, and Candida albicans. In field tests using the purified rKRs-AFP protein, the protein showed the reducing activity of disease spot and the mitigating effect of spreading of disease like agrichemicals. The immuno-assay of rKRs-AFP protein showed that the purified protein entirely accumulated at B. cinerea cytoplasm through the hyphal septa shown by fluorescence imaging. There was no fluorescence inside the cell, when the hypha was incubated without the protein. These all results indicate that the recombinant rKRs-AFP proteins can be utilized as a potential antifungal drug to control harmful plant fungal pathogens.
Antifungal Activity of Korean Radish (Raphanus sativaus L) Extracts Against Pathogenic Plant
Won, Hwang-Cher- Korean Society of Life Science 2003 생명과학회지 Vol.13 No.2
국내산 무의 추출물을 여러가지 Column과 HPLC를 이용하여 잿빛곰팡이 병원균에 대한 항 진균성 물질을 분리하였다. 투석튜브를 이용한 분리에서 이물질이 3.5kDa 이하의 저분자물질이며 또한 내열성 물질임을 확인하였다. 이물질들은 최소한 5종의 물질로 구성되어 있으며 이중 가장 항진균성이 강한 물질을 HPLC를 이용하여 순수 분리하였으며 잿빛곰팡이병에 감염된 식물에 적용한 결과 농약과 비슷한 효과를 나타내어 환경 친화적인 항진균 물질로서 사용가능성을 확인하였다. A study of the anti-fungal properties in Korean radish was conducted using a variety of purification procedures such as Extrelut column, RP(Reverse Phase) Cl8 Column Chromatography, HPLC etc. to separate anti-fungal substances from Korean radish juices to test them against a common gray mold called Botrytis cenerea. Dialysis tube operation showed that these substances were presumably thermostable compounds with low molecular mass (less than 3.5 kDa). Differences of anti-fungal activities depending upon types of radishes used did not show any noticeable variation. The antifungals were presumably composed of more than 5 compounds. Among these, the most anti-fungal fraction was analyzed by HPLC in which one peak was obtained. Disease-affected plants were inoculated with 10mg of Extrelut fraction and results showed similar anti-fungal activity to pesticides suggesting possible usage of these substances as environmentally friendly antibiotics.
Hwang, Cher-Won The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture 2009 한국환경농학회지 Vol.28 No.4
In the present study, we analyzed the defensin protein deduced from Korean radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds.To express the genes in E. coli, we constructed a recombinant expression vector with a defensin gene, named rKRs-AFP gene isolated from Korean radish seeds. Over expressed rKRs-AFP proteins was separated by SDS-PAGE to determine the purity, and protein concentration was determined by the Bradford method. Antifungal activity was assessed by disk assay method against the tested fungi. As a result, when 500 mL of cell culture were disrupted by sonicator, 32.5 mg total proteins were obtained. The purified protein showed a single band on SDS-PAGE with estimated molecular weight about 6 KDa, consistent with the molecular mass calculated from the deduced amino acid sequence. The purified rKRs-AFP protein showed remarkable antifungal activities against several fungi including Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea causing the gray mold disease, and Candida albicans. In field tests using the purified rKRs-AFP protein, the protein showed the reducing activity of disease spot and the mitigating effect of spreading of disease like agrichemicals. The immuno-assay of rKRs-AFP protein showed that the purified protein entirely accumulated at B. cinerea cytoplasm through the hyphal septa shown by fluorescence imaging. There was no fluorescence inside the cell, when the hypha was incubated without the protein. These all results indicate that the recombinant rKRs-AFP proteins can be utilized as a potential antifungal drug to control harmful plant fungal pathogens.
Candida maltosa에서 분리된 n- Alkane 유도성 유전자(ALI1, POX18Cm)의 n- Alkane 대사에 있어서의 기능
黃哲源,梁昌述,高木正道 한국산업미생물학회 1993 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.21 No.2
석유 (n-alkane)자화 효모 C. maltosa에서 분리된 유전자 ALI1과 POX18Cm의 n-alkane 대사에 있어서의 기능을 이들 유전자들이 상실된 균주를 이용하여 해석한 결과, ALI1은 n-alkane 대사에 필수 유전자이며, n-alkane 대사에 관련되는 유전자군들을 전사수준에서 조절하는 유전자인 것으로 추정되었다. 또한 핵 분리에 의한 ALI1 단백질의 국소화 실험은 위의 사실을 뒷받침하는 것으로 ALI1 유전자 산물이 핵 내에 존재하여 전사조절인자로서의 기능을 갖고 있는 것으로 생각된다. POX18Cm은 C. maltosa의 n-alkane 대사시 관련되는 유전자로서 ALI1에 의해 조절되는 것으로 추정되나, POX18Cm 산물의 존재양은 C. maltosa의 n-alkane 대사에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 추정된다. The functions of n-alkane inducible genes, ALI1 and POX18Cm isolated from Canida maltosa were investigated, using it’s distruptants. As a result, it is suggested that ALI1 is essential for n-alkane assimilation in C. mltosa and it regulates genes related to assimilation of n-alkane (ALI1, P450alk POX18Cm) at transcriptional level. Nuclear localization experiments indicated that ALI1 was located and functioned in the nucleus. POX18Cm is considered as a peroxisomal nonspecific lipid transfer protein gene related to n-alkane assimilation in C. maltosa and also regulated by ALI1. But it had no significant effect on n-alkane assimilation in C. maltosa.
한국과 미국 지역 대학생들의 환경 문제 인식에 대한 통계 분석적 비교연구
황철원 ( Cher Won Hwang ) 한국지리환경교육학회 2012 한국지리환경교육학회지 Vol.20 No.2
본 연구는 한국과 미국의 환경교육과정의 차이에 따른 환경문제 인식수준을 통계적으로 비교분석 함으로써, 한국과 미국의 환경교육과정의 차이를 이해하고, 그에 따른 효과를 파악하고자 한다. 이론적 배경으로 한국은 초등학교를 제외하고 환경과목을 독립과목으로 채택하여 실시하고 있는 반면, 미국은 대부분 중핵 교육과정(Core Curriculum)을 통한 통합적인 환경교육을 실시하고 있다. 통계분석 비교결과 첫째, 미국과 한국 모두 환경교육은 교과서를 중심으로 하는 수업을 하고 있지만, 미국의 경우 교과서 수업과 더불어 환경에 대한 호기심을 양성하는 체험학습 및 기타 영상·컴퓨터수업을 시행하고 있다. 둘째, 미국은 환경을 경험하는 기회와 그에 대한 포괄적인 배경을 제공하고, 다른 교과와 연결하여 이해시킴으로써, 미국지역 학생들은 환경수업에 대체로 만족하고 있지만, 교과서 중심의 단순한 수업을 받고 있는 한국 학생들은 환경수업에 만족하지 못하고 있다. 그 결과, 한국학생들은 환경에 대한 관심도와 참여수준이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구는 한국의 초·중·고 환경교육과정이 중핵 교육과정을 통한 통합적 교육으로 전환되어야 할 필요성을 시사한다. The purpose of this study is to understand the differences of environmental education course between Korean and American area, also to find out the effects on those by comparing and analyzing the situation of environmental education and environmental consciousness of both Korean and American area in the statistics. The theoretical background shows that Korean area conducts environmental education by adopting a separated education excepting the elementary school, while American area conducts integrated education through core curriculum. The results of statistic analysis are as follows. Firstly, both Korea and America conduct the environmental education through the text book, but American area conducts the environmental education with textbooks as well as experience study, video and computer classes. Secondly, the education of American area gives student high satisfaction of the environmental classes by offering various experiences, comprehensive backgrounds of environment and many chances that make students understand environment with other subjects, while Korean education did not offer satisfaction to students because the classes are mainly composed of the textbook. As a result, the interests and participations for environment are estimated to be low. Therefore, this study suggests the necessities that the environmental education of Korea needs to be converted into the intergrated education through core curriculum.
HWANG, CHER WON,LEE, DONG KYU,KANG, SUN CHEOL 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1998 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.8 No.3
A ura5 gene encoding Orotate Phosphoribosyl Transferase (OPRTasc) of Metarhizium anisopliae was cloned by PCR methods and sequenced. The sequenced ura 5 gene encodes a polypeptide of 234 amino acid residues. This deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity to other fungi OPRTase and there was no intron sequence between ATG starting codon and TGA ending codon.