Maternal Sweeteners Intake During Gestation and Lactation Affects Learning and Memory in Rat Female Offspring

Bianca Romero-Delgado,Marcela Cárdenas-Tueme,José de Jesús Herrera-de la Rosa,Alberto Camacho-Morales,Heriberto Castro,Ana Laura de la Garza 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.8

Maternal high-sweetener diet, such as sucrose, has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cognitive-related diseases in the offspring. This study was performed to determine the effect of maternal sweetener intake during gestation and lactation on learning and memory in adult female offspring rats. Twenty-eight female pups from dams fed standard diet (Control-C, n = 10), high-sucrose diet (HS-C, n = 6), and high-honey diet (Ho-C, n = 12) were fed standard diet after weaning and body weight and food intake were recorded once a week for 19 weeks. Learning and memory tests were conducted at week 14 (Y-maze) and 18 (Barnes maze). We found that birth weight of Control-C group was greater than the Ho-C (P < .001). Blood glucose levels of the HS-C group were significantly higher than the Control-C and Ho-C groups. Control-C pups recognized the novel arm of the Y-maze compared with HS-C and Ho-C groups (P < .01). Also, offspring of the HS-C group showed deficient performance in the Barnes test when compared with the Control-C and Ho-C groups (P < .05). These results suggest that dams fed a high-sucrose diet during gestation and lactation favor high-glucose levels and deficient long-term memory performance in adult female offspring rats.

Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Cárdenas-Marcelo Alma Lili,Espinoza-Ortega Angélica,Vizcarra-Bordi Ivonne 한국식품연구원 2022 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.9 No.-

The objective of this study was to analyze gender inequalities and intersectionality experienced by rural-indigenous women who produce and sell native maize tortillas at three different markets-tianguis in central Mexico, facing the COVID-19 pandemic.This was a qualitative study based on 36 in-depth interviews before pandemic (2018), as well as 16 interviews during pandemic (2020) of women engaged in this work.Making corn tortillas by hand is one of the culturally assigned gender roles in the indigenous population of the Mazahua region, which is why their sale in local markets as a female strategy to have access to income for household sustenance has been widely by the communities. The configuration of the different market-space for the sale of handmade tortillas, reflects the inequalities of gender and intersectionality (ethnicity, class, age, family life cycle and education levels). The women in conditions of poverty, landlessness, and with school-age children, have met greater disadvantages in continuing to sell tortillas in the face of the experience of pandemic restrictions.The women who were already disadvantaged by their intersectional relationships continue to experience the same inequalities that conditioned their position in the marketplaces before the pandemic, sustaining a marginal but constant market.

Restoration and conservation of anatomic pieces

Camila Cárdenas Guerrero Guzmán,Karen Alejandra Pérez Díaz,María Paula Ruíz Díaz,Valentina Díaz Sánchez,Andrés Camilo Ariza Aguirre,Laura Catalina Cantor Alfonso,Camila Andrea Suárez Ortiz,Davide Fali 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.3

In this study, a restoration process was developed with potassium hydroxide (KOH), in order to improve each of the structures for their posterior fixation, through the use of new methods such as the Chilean conservative fixative solution (SFCCh), with exceptional results. Restore anatomical pieces corresponding to corpse and organs, being these last set with the SFCCh. In this work dealt with processes of restoration with potassium hydroxide, sodium chloride, and sodium hypochlorite, the process began with the cleanliness and suture of the structures for subsequent fixing in Chilean conservative fixative solution, making use of a corpse and different anatomical parts. Work based on items found in the database, Elsevier, Science Direct, ProQuest, and MEDLINE. At the end of the process of restoration and conservation of the anatomical pieces, was observed an improvement in muscle pigment with decrease of rigidity in the specimen, additionally a recovery of appearance in the vascular-nervous elements was achieved. The organs were much more malleable and the structures facilitate the identification of specific details, its subsequent immersion in SFCCh allows the longer preservation of the obtained results. The restoration with potassium hydroxide allows the improvement in the appearance of the different anatomical structures and simultaneously to facilitate its study. The SFCCh is an alternative that replaces partially the use of formaldehyde. In addition, it presents toxicity reduction.

Influence of Cushioning Variables in the Workplace and in the Family on the Probability of Suffering Stress

David Cárdenas Gonzalo 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2016 Safety and health at work Vol.7 No.3

Stress at work and in the family is a very common issue in our society that generates many health-related problems. During recent years, numerous studies have sought to define the term stress, raising many contradictions that various authors have studied. Other authors have attempted to establish some criteria, in subjective and not very quantitative ways, in an attempt to reduce and even to eliminate stressors and their effects at work and in the family context. The purpose of this study was to quantify so-called cushioning variables, such as control, social support, home/work life conciliation, and even sports and leisure activities, with the purpose of, as much as possible, reducing the negative effects of stress, which seriously affects the health of workers. The study employs data from the Fifth European Working Conditions Survey, in which nearly 44,000 interviewees from 34 countries in the European Union participated. We constructed a probabilistic model based on a Bayesian network, using variables from both the workplace and the family, the aforementioned cushioning variables, as well as the variable stress. If action is taken on the above variables, then the probabilities of suffering high levels of stress may be reduced. Such action may improve the quality of life of people at work and in the family.

Experimental analysis of the aerodynamic characteristics of a rectangular 5:1 cylinder using POD

Juan A. Cárdenas-Rondón,Mikel Ogueta-Gutiérrez,Sebastián Franchini,Omar Gómez-Ortega 한국풍공학회 2022 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.34 No.1

Following the BARC initiative, wind tunnel measurements have been performed on a 5:1 rectangular cylinder. Pressure distribution has been measured in several sections, checking the two-dimensionality of the flow around the model. Mean values compare well with previous data. These measurements have been processed using the standard Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and the snapshot POD to obtain phase-resolved cycles. This decomposition has been used to analyze the characteristics of the flow around the cylinder, in particular, the behavior of the recirculation bubble in the upper/lower surfaces. The effect of the angle of attack, the turbulence intensity and the Reynolds number has been studied. First and second modes extracted from POD have been found to be related to the reattachment of the flow in the upper surface. Increasing the angle of attack is related to a delay in the reattachment position, while an increase in turbulence intensity makes the reattachment point to move towards the windward face.

One-class models for validation of miRNAs and ERBB2 gene interactions based on sequence features for breast cancer scenarios

Juan Gutiérrez-Cárdenas,Zenghui Wang 한국통신학회 2021 ICT Express Vol.7 No.4

One challenge in miRNA–genes–diseases interaction studies is that it is challenging to find labeled data that indicate a positive or negative relationship between miRNA and genes. The use of one-class classification methods shows a promising path for validating them. We have applied two one-class classification methods, Isolation Forest and One-class SVM, to validate miRNAs interactions with the ERBB2 gene present in breast cancer scenarios using features extracted via sequence-binding. We found that the One-class SVM outperforms the Isolation Forest model, with values of sensitivity of 80.49% and a specificity of 86.49% showing results that are comparable to previous studies. Additionally, we have demonstrated that the use of features extracted from a sequence-based approach (considering miRNA and gene sequence binding characteristics) and one-class models have proven to be a feasible method for validating these genetic molecule interactions.

An empirical comparison of external indebtedness in East Asia and Southern Europe: reasons for Clearing Integrated Monetary Areas

Andrea Carrera,Luís Cárdenas,Alysson Mazoni 서울대학교 경제연구소 2023 Seoul journal of economics Vol.36 No.4

We seek to study the evolution of the external indebtedness of Southern European Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, which were highly indebted and used to run current account deficits until the Great Crisis of 2008, and the indebtedness of those East Asian countries that ran current account deficits before the crisis of 1997, namely Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. We pore over foreign debt and balance-of-payments data to understand any potential statistical relationship between (i) external indebtedness and (ii) current account balances plus changes in foreign exchange reserves. Our introductory econometric approach to the issue suggests that indebtedness is often and on average about twice the level attributable to current account balances and reserve changes. In Southern Europe, debt should have increased, but it increased more than expected. In East Asia, particularly since 1997, debt should have decreased, but it followed and upward trend. We attribute this phenomenon to the incomplete structure of the international payment system and, as a general solution, we call for the implementation of a regional real-time gross settlement system.

Solubility of celecoxib in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone+water mixtures at various temperatures: Experimental data and thermodynamic analysis

Sarah Nozohouri,Ali Shayanfar,Zaira Johanna Cárdenas,Fleming Martinez,Abolghasem Jouyban 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.5

Solubility is one of the most significant physicochemical properties of drugs, and improving the solubility of drugs is still a challenging subject in pharmaceutical sciences due to requirements of enhancing their bioavailability. Celecoxib, according to the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS), is a class 2 drug, possessing low water solubility (<5 μg·mL−1) and high permeability. Increasing the solubility of this group can lead to improved bioavailability, dose reduction and subsequently, increased efficiency and reduced side effects. In this study, celecoxib solubility was determined in binary mixtures of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)+water at 293.2, 298.2, 303.2, 308.2 and 313.2 K. The solubility of celecoxib is increased with the addition of NMP to the aqueous solutions and reaches a maximum value in neat NMP. In addition, increased temperature leads to enhanced solubility of celecoxib in a given solvent composition. The solubility data of celecoxib in NMP+water at different temperatures were correlated using different mathematical models including, the Jouyban-Acree model and a combination of the Jouyban-Acree and van’t Hoff models. Thermodynamic parameters, Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy of dissolution processes were performed based on Gibbs and van’t Hoff equations. Thermodynamic analysis allowed observing two main entropy or enthalpy-driven dissolution mechanisms, varying according to the composition of aqueous mixtures. Moreover, preferential solvation of celecoxib by water is observed in water-rich mixtures but preferential solvation by NMP was seen in mixtures with similar composition and also in NMP-rich mixtures.

Tangramrine : A Novel Graphical Recognition and Cued-recall based Password System

Steven Altamirano,Jesús Zanelli,Juan M. Gutiérrez Cárdenas,Daniela Bringas 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.8

Graphical passwords are an authentication user model that consists of the recall of pictures or graphics signs to gain access to a system. They have been proved to be a se-cure and reliable alternative to textual passwords; by giving a more robust schema against brute force and shoulder-surfing attacks. In this research paper we present an alternative to a graphical password based on a modification of the Tangram game. We believe our proposal accomplishes the features of being an easy recognition-based system password giving the user enough security against common threats such as brute force attacks by dictionary means or OCR types, as well as shoulder-surfing attacks.

Nixtamal techniques for different maize races prepared as tortillas and tostadas by women of Chiapas, Mexico

Palacios-Pola Gabriela,Perales Hugo,Estrada Lugo Erin I. J.,Figueroa-Cárdenas Juan de Dios 한국식품연구원 2022 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.9 No.-

Nixtamalization, which means cooking maize in alkaline water, is the central technique for the culinary use of maize in Mexico and Central America. Without this procedure, relying on maize as the basic starch staple is inadequate because of nutriment deficiencies. Mexico has more than 50 principal racial types of maize, and these differ in grain qualities that can require the adjustment of the nixtamalization process. Properties such as hardness and grain composition influence nixtamalization because they are related to the absorption of water that occurs during cooking and steeping. Some maize preparations, like tortillas and tostadas, can also require the adjustment of nixtamalization to obtain a high-quality foodstuff. We studied how women in three regions of the state of Chiapas, which differ in the prevalent maize race available, prepare their nixtamal and whether they make changes according to the type of food they prepare. Interviews of 30 women follow the measure of relevant variables when the women prepared nixtamal. We found that nixtamalization is adjusted for different grain hardnesses and for environmental conditions. Variations were found in the cooking time of the nixtamal, in the amount of time the nixtamal was steeped, and in a special process of double boiling of the nixtamal performed by some women for tostadas. Women that specialize in production for the market have developed variations preferred by consumers. As practiced by women in Chiapas, nixtamalization is a flexible technique that is adjusted for maize type and for food preparations.