植物凝集素 Terminalis chebula R.C. 및 토끼赤血球에 의한 사람 血淸型에 關한 硏究

張丙錡,文國鎭 고려대학교 의과대학 1985 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.22 No.3

Plant extracts have variable biological activities, as phytagglutinins, mitogens, lymphocytotoxins, anticancer substances, sperm agglutinins and so on. So they have been used extensively in medical field, including medicolegal part. In medicolegal part, plant extracts, as phytagglutinins (PHA), were mainly used for classification of new human red blood cell types and for detection of new lectins up to date. But recently some investigators attempted to classify human sera by their inhibition properties on PHA. For the purpose of new classification of human serum, the author used Terminalis chebula R.C. extracts, which act as panphytagglutinin to rabbit red blood cells, by use of inhibition property of fresh human serum, blood stains, whole blood stains and various blood type to PHA. The results of this study could be summerized as follows; 1. Human sera could be classified into two groups. One was possessed of certain substance which inhibit the agglutination activity of Terminalis chebula R.C. extracts on rabbit RBC and the other was not. 2. The frequency of the former was 15% and the latter was 85% respectively. 3. The agglutination inhibition phanomena of Terminalis chebula R.C. extracts on rabbit RBC by human sera showed no relation with ABO, Cl, H, ab.C, CCI, PVI, Cea, WCea, and Hp blood types respectively. 4. This serum type may be available for classification of blood stains.

교합력수준에 따른 저작근 근활성도에 관한 연구

김병국 전남대학교 치과대학 1990 전남치대논문집 Vol.2 No.1

In order to evaluate muscular activity patterns of masticatory muscles and asymmetry patterns of muscular activity according to the levels of occlusal force, twenty - one individuals of age ranged from 23 to 27 years were examined. They were selected according to the following criteria : 1) no symtoms of temporomandibular disorder, 2) complete dentition except third molars, 3) normal or Angle's class I molar relationship and 4) no experience of dental treatment. The electromyographic amplitudes was measured for evaluation of muscular activity and asymmetric patterns of masster and anterior temporal muscle during unilateral clenching at the levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of the maximum occlusal force by use of electromyogram and bite force meter. The obtained results were as follows ; 1. The muscle activity indices of masticatory muscles of clenching side at the clenching levels of 10%, 20% and 30% of the maximum occlusal force were - 19.12, -9.87, -0.49%, so that activity of anterior temporal muscle was dominant than that of masster muscle. At the levels of 40%, 50% of the maximum occlusal force, muscle actiity indices were 4.68, 6.70%, so that activity of masseter was dominant than that of anterior temporal muscle. In the non-clenching side, muscular activity indices were 25.61, 20.40, 14.89, 9.85, 8.75%, so that activity of masster was dominant at all level and as the levels of occlusal force was increased, muscular activity index was tend to decrease. 2. In masseter, asymmetry indices of muscular activity at the levels of 10%, 20% of maximum occlusal force were -10.34 and -1.24%, so that muscular activity of non-clenching side were dominant and at the levels of 30%, 40, and 50% of maximum occlusal force, muscular activity was dominant on clenching side as 4.68, 7.18 and 10.9%. In anterior temporal muscle, asymmetry indices were 33.28, 25.46, 20.95, 10.23 and 15.45% at the levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% each of maximum occlusal force, so that activity of clenching side was dominant than that of non-clenching side at all levels, but as the levels of occlusal force was increased, asymmetry indices of muscular activity was tend to decrease. 3. Between both sides, average electromyographic amplitudes of masseter and anterior temporal muscle were correlated, so that as the levels of occlusal force was increased, average electromyographic amplitudes of both side in same muscle were increased proportionally. But asymmetry indices between muscular activities of masseter and anterior temporal muscle were not correlated.

근육세포 분화에 대한 TGF-β1과 OP-1의 억제 효과

김병국,정성수 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

In order to investigate the effect of Transforming growth factor β1(below TGF-β1) and osteogenic protein-1(below OP-1) onto the myogenic differentiation, C_2C_12 satellite myoblastic cell line was cultured and treated with both growth factors. At first morphological changes with microscopical examination were examined, and isolated total RNA to analyse mRNA expression of bone marker proteins, muscle regulatory proteins, TGF-β receptor and their ligands by Northern blot analysis. And cellular proliferative inducibility of both growth factors was also tested to C_2C_12 cells. Incubating the cell with 5 ng/㎖ of TGF-β1 until 4 days almost inhibited multinucleated myotube formation expressing muscular regulatory proteins, and induced decreasing Id proteins. However, no osteoblastic phenotypes was induced by TGF-β1 in C_2C_12 cells. The mRNA expression of TGF-β receptors with TGF-β1 was conversed after 48 hours cultured. Type I TGF-β receptor was seemed to play a role in negative signalling for inhibition of myogenic differentiation. OP-1 dose dependently induced ALP activity, osteopontine production and bone sialoprotein production at concentrations above 100ng/㎖ and osteocalcin production at concentrations above 300ng/㎖. The concentration of OP-1 required to induce these osteoblastic phenotypes was the same as that required to almost completely inhibit myotube formation. Incubation with above 100ng/㎖ OP-1 suppressed the expression of mRNA for muscular regulatory proteins from 2 days after incubation. Expression of Id-1, 2, 3 mRNA were stimulated by OP-1 at concentration above 300ng/㎖. When C_2C_12 cells were treated with both growth factors. TGF-β1 potentiated the inhibitory effect of OP-1 on myotube formation and expression of mRNA for myogenin at 12 days. And TGF-β1 reduced osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein production induced by OP-1 at 12 days in C_2C_12 cells. Both growth factor had no mitogenic effect. These results indicate that OP-1 converts the differentiation pathway of C_2C_12 myoblasts into that of osteoblastic lineage cells and it's not heritable, but TGF-β1 does not and has reversible inhibitory activity on the myogenic differentiation. TGF-β1 and OP-1 play a role in myogenic differentiation via different mechanism between them.

알루미늄과 헤테로폴리산으로 개질된 메조포러스 실리카 상에서의 AKD 합성

김현국,우창수,최재석,박민태,이병민,이호인 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

AKD(alkyl ketene dimer) used widely as a neutral sizing agent is produced industrially by halogenization of stearic acid followed by dimerization of alkyl ketene. In the present work, to suppress the byproduct of hydrochloric acid and to improve reaction pathway. AKD was prepared through of ketene intermediate by dehydration of stearic acid in gas phase using reaction with silanol on silica as active sites of the catalyst SBA-15 showed the highest activity due to the large and open tubular pores. It was found that main products were dimer and trimer. Our goal of the present work was to increase of the selectivity for the dimer.

경쟁심리가 급성 냉통증 반응에 미치는 영향

김병국,기우천 대한두개하악장애학회 1995 대한두개하악장애학회지 Vol.7 No.2

One of the most common symptoms in dental clinic is pain. The pain behavior is very variable because it is subjective and influenced by many factors such as sex, age, race, religion, etc. The purpose of this study is to evaluate effect of the competition on pain threshold and pain tolerance. A sample consisted of 55 individuals (24 males, 31 females) ranged from 23 to 32 years old. In the first session, the subjects were requested to place their each nondominant and dominant hand in ice water(0-2℃) and to raise the other hand when they feel the first pain and to leave it there until the pain reached an intolerable level. After 1 week, subjects were fully informed the purpose of this study which sex can endure the pain longer. We compared the first and the second session of the cold pressor pain threshold and tolerance time. The obtained Results were as follows ; 1. Cold pain threshold was not significantly different between sex and hand group. 2. In male's dominant hand group, cold pain tolerance time was significantly longer after competition. 3. In the dominant hand group, cold pain tolerance time of the male was significantly longer than females after competition. This study showed that competition can change the cold pain tolerance.

리튬이온이차전지 정극용 LiNixMn₂-xO₄의 합성과 전기화학적 특성에 관한 연구

김병습,손영국 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.58 No.-

LiNixMn2-xO4, (0≤x≤0.5)를 저온합성이 가능한 sol-gel법을 이용하여 합성하였다. 합성된 분말은 x선회절분석을 통하여 cubic spinel 구조임을 확인했고, Ni의 치환량이 증가함에 따라 격자상수는 감소했다. 순환전압전류 및 충방전 시험을 통하여 전기화학적 특성을 측정해본 결과 LiMn2O4에 비해 Ni의 치환량이 증가함에 따라 4V피크는 점차 사라졌지만, 3V피크에서의 방전용량과 싸이클 특성은 모두 우수한 특성을 나타내었다. LiNixMn2-xO4 (0≤x ≤0.5) cathode materials were synthesized at low temperature using sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the powders have cubic spinel structure and its lattice constants decreased as doped Ni contents increased. The electrochemical properties of the spinel LiNixMn2-xO4cathode materials were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and charge discharge test. As doped Ni contents increased, 4V peak disappeared but capacity and cycling properties at 3V peak were improved than LiMn2O4.

연령증가에 따른 심상유두의 변화

임희순,김병국,정성수 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

Background : The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were any changes in fungiform papilla with advancing age. Being senile, patients with tongue disease have tended to be increased in prevalence, they will require medical care to improve the quality of life. Methods : The ninty-seven subjects (71 males and 26 females) were included for the study and they are categorized into 7 age groups (0-9, 10-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and above 60 age group). Specimens were obtained from autopsy. 0.25㎠ sized tissue was taken from the tip of the tongue and midlateral region. The number of fungiform papilla in the tip of tongue and midlateral region were counted using an darkfield Quebeg colony counter. After hematoxyline-eosin staining, fungiform papilla, circumvallate papilla were observed with light microscopy. By using scanning electron microscope, the surface of the fungiform papilla was observed. Results : There was no change of the number of fungiform pailla in the area tip of tongue and midlateral region with age. Fungifrom pailla in dorsal surface of tongue transformed hemispheric form to cuboidal form with aging. Tongue fissures were found above twenties. At the light microscopic examination, squamous metaplasia, epithelial hyperplasia, keratohyaline granules with aging were examined. For the scanning electron microscopic examination, outline of fungiform papilla was circular, superficial surface in fungifrom papilla was smooth ; only a few desquamating cells were seen. With aging microplica, microbiae colony, complex of kerainized cells and increase in depth of keratin layer were noted. The superficial cells that had pitted in appearance and cell boundaries are overlapped, also showed the irregular pattern with aging, but there was no significant dirrerence between both sexes. Conclusions ; The number of fungiform papilla was not decreased by aging, its general morphology are maintained even in old age. Any age-relative differences in taste behavior could not be attributed to degenerative changes in fungiform papilla.

하악과두 골절에 대한 임상통계학적 연구

박충열,김병국 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.3

The present study was aimed to aid the diagnosis and choose the approrpiate treatment method of the fracture. This is the retrospective clinicostatistical study about 87 patients who were treated about condylar fractures for recent 4 years from Apr. 1, 1996 to Apr. 30, 2000 in Chonnam National University Hospital and can be followed up reguarly. In the incidence of fractures, subjects in the twenties has highest incidence and male has 4.1 time higher prevalance than in female. The fracture was at the highest incidence in September. The most common cause of the fracture was traffic accident (40.2%), and in case of middle facial concomitant injuries, laceration was 45.1% and the fracture of symphysis was 57.1% in lower facial injuries. The most common site of the fracture was the condylar neck, followed by subcondye and condylar head in order. patients aged under 11 years were treated closed reduction which was 100% and for those aged over 19 years, open reduction (68%) was preferred. Most of them were fixed with metal miniplate in case of open reduction. The average period of fixation was 9.8 days, of which was 11.8 days for closed reduction and 8.5 days for open reduction. The average maximal mouth opening was lower in case of open reduction than in closed reduction in condylar head fracture. Closed reduction and direct fixation with Risdon showed better functional recovery than in SVRO cases. The complications like fibrous ankylosis and bone resorption of TMJ was happened in the case of open reduction with SVRO. These results suggest that the condylar fracture will be treated with closed reduction if patients are growing children and the fractured condyle was not displaced, otherwise the open reduction will be preferred. The closed reduction and the direct fixation with Risdon method showed better functional recovery than in SVRO method.

구강내 연조직 질환과 구강점막 각화도와의 관계

송주종,김병국,최홍란 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

To investigate the relationship between several intraoral soft tissue lesions(hairy tongue, lichen planus, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, oral candidiasis, glossitis and oral herpetic lesion) and oral mucosal keratinization, exfoliative cytological smear on intraoral mucosal surfaces were performed on each number of patients and 25 controls keratinization cell(yellow-stained cell) ratio was then measured. In hairy tongue, there was no significant difference between patient group and control group in all kind of cells. Only blue cell ratio of wemen was more than of men in patient group. In inchen planus, there was no difference between patient and control group in yellow cell ratio. Red cell ratio in the control group was more than in the patient group. Blue cell ratio in the patient group was more than that in control group. But there was no sex predilection between both groups in the ratio of all kind of cells. In recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Yellow cell ratio in the control group was more than that in the patient group. Red cell ratio in the control group was more than that in control group. Blue cell ratio in the patient group was more than that in control group. But there was no sex predilection between both groups in the ratio of all kind of cells. In oral candidiasis, Yellow cell ratio in the control group was more than that in the patient group. Red cell ratio in the control group was more than that in control group. Blue cell ratio in the patient group was more than that in control group. There was no sex predilection between both groups in yellow cell ratio. Red cell ratio of wemen was more than of men in patient group. Blue cell ratio of men was more than of wemen in patient group. In herpetic lesions, there was no difference between patient and control group in yellow cell ratio. Red cell ratio in the control group was more than in the patient group. Blue cell ratio in the patient group was more than that in control group. Yellow cell ratio of wemen was more than of men in control group. Red cell ratio of men was more than of wemen in control group. Blue cell ratio of men was more than of wemen in patient group. In glossitis, Yellow cell ratio in the control group was more than in the patient group. There was no difference between patient and control group in red cell ratio. Blue cell ratio in the patient group was more than that in control group. Yellow cell ratio of wemen was more than of men in control group. Red cell ratio and blue cell ratio of men were more than of wemen in control group. According to above results, the ratio of keratinized cell in atrophic, ulcerated, or pseudomembranous lesions was lowered than in control, but the ratio of keratinized cell in keratotic, vesicular or lesions on keratinized surface lesions had no difference to control group. Thus, keratotic, vesicular or lesions on keratinized surface lesions have not closely relation to mucosal keratinization. And, there was a little sex predilection between men and wemen in mucosal keratinization.

한국 연안 퇴적물에서 ^137Cs, ^90Sr 및 Pu 동위원소의 분포

최석원,진현국,김철수,노정환,김창규,노병환 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.2

한국 주변 연안 15개 정점의 퇴적물(0∼20 cm)에서 ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^239+240Pu 의 농도와 농도비를 조사했다. ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^238Pu 및^239+240Pu의 평균 방사능 농도는 각각 2.24±0.79 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.20±0.04 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.009±0.005 Bq·kg^-1-dry 및 0.27±0.17 Bq·kg^-1-dry이다. ^137Cs/^90Sr, ^239+240Pu/^137Cs 및 ^238Pu/229+240Pu의 평균 농도 비와 ^239Pu/240의 평균 원자 비는 각각 11.2±2.9, 0.123±0.053, 0.033±0.01 및 0.218±0.036이다. 퇴적물에서 핵종의 농도 범위와 핵종간의 농도 비는 그 동안 주변국가의 퇴적물에서 조사한 값과 비슷하였다. 퇴적물에서 ^137Cs과 ^239+240Pu의 상관계수는 0.80이다. ^137Cs과 SOM, ^239+240Pu과 점토 함량과의 상관계수는 각각 0.69, 0.67 이다. The concentrations and activity ratios of ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^238Pu and ^239+240Pu in sediment(0∼20 cm) at 15 coastal stations of Korea were determined. The mean concentrations of ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^238Pu and ^239+240Pu are 2.24±0.79 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.20±0.04 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.009±0.005 Bq·kg^-1-dry and 0.27±0.17 Bq·kg^-1-dry, respectively. The mean activity ratios of ^137Cs/^90Sr, ^239+240Pu/^137Cs and ^238Pu/^229+240Pu and atomic ratio of ^240Pu/^239Pu are 11.2±2.9, 0.123±0.053 and 0.033±0.017 and 0.218±0.036, respectively. The concentrations and activity ratios in sediment samples are similar to those reported from neighbouring country in the northern hemisphere. The correlation coefficient of ^137Cs and ^239+240Pu is 0.80. The correlation coefficient of ^137Cs and soil organic matter(SOM), and ^239+240Pu and clay content are 0.69 and 0.67, respectively.