자일리톨, 후노란, 제2인산칼슘 및 카제인포스포펩타이드배합껌이 법랑질의 광질재침착에 미치는 영향에 관한 실용실험연구

이병진,배광학,박우철,양준영,황수정,노정,백대일,김종배 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

The object of this study was to investigate caries preventive effect of chewing gum containing xylitol, funoran, calcium hydrogen phosphate and casein phosphopeptide by examining Vickers' hardness and surface roughness with confocal laser microscope. Early caries-like lesions were created using 0.1 M lactic acid-sodium hydroxide buffer(pH 4.0). 8 pieces of 3am diameter bovine enamel specimen with early caries-like lesions were mounted into the recesses of lingual surface of the acrylic mandibular removable appliance. 13 subjects were the appliance for daytime and chewed control and experimental gums 7 times in a day, for 3 days. In order to evaluate the remineralization effect of chewing gum on specimens, we measured vickers' hardness number after chewing gum, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days after and calculated surface roughness immediately after chewing gum. Vickers' hardness number of experimental chewing gum was significantly higher than control in 2 and 3 days after. Surface roughness of experimental chewing gum was significantly lower than control immediately after chewing gum. These results showed that experimental gum has more effective in remineralization of bovine tooth enamel, and it is more effective at immediately after chewing.

활성탄 고정층에서 다성분계 유기물 수용액의 파과곡선 해석

李秉學 단국대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

This study was intended to provide adsorption characteristics of activated carbon for the desingn of processes which could treated waste water containing organic matters, and operation of active carbon fixed bed was emprloyed for ditermination of adsortion breakthrough curves and break time. The range of adsorption zone and break time requried to investigated the height of fixed bed as well as contacting period, which have been utilized for adsorption process design, can be obtained by development multicomponent aqueous solution based on the breakthrough curnes of monocomponent system in a laboratory experimented setting.

심리측정도구의 타당도에 관한 새로운 개념과 검증방법

오수학,김병준 한국스포츠심리학회 2002 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.13 No.3

타당도는 심리측정도구의 고유속성을 나타내는 것이 아니라, 자료 해석의 적절성, 적합성 및 의미성의 정도를 의미한다. 본 논문은 이러한 타당도의 새로운 개념이 무엇인지를 전통적인 개념과 비교하여 설명하고, 새로운 개념을 활용한 심리측정도구와 타당화 절차 및 검증방법을 소개하는데 목적이 있다. 타당도의 새로운 개념은 단일성, 통합성, 다양성 등의 특성을 나타내며 전통적인 타당도의 개념을 부인한다. 심리측정도구를 개발할 때 새로운 개념을 적용하여 이전 보다 더욱 강력한 타당화 절차와 검증 방법들이 동원될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 새로운 타당도 개념을 반영한 삼단계 타당화프로그램을 제시하였다. 이어서 새로운 도구의 개발, 한국어 번역판 도구의 개발, 원본 도구의 변형 사용의 세 가지 유형에 따라 어떠한 타당화 검증방법을 적용해야 하는가를 논의하였다. The purposes of this study were (a) to introduce new concept of validity and (b) to suggest some guidelines so that researchers effectively implement its concept for developing psychological assessment instruments in sport science. The traditional concept of validity is known as content, construct, and criterion-related validity, whereas new concept of validity is not considered separate and distinct forms. That is, the varieties of validity evidence are not alternative but supplemented. Validity is not the property of an instrument but rather the meaning of test scores. There are different types of inferences for validity from test scores, but not types of validity. In this paper, the validation procedure was outlined to help researchers to develop new, translated, and modified sport psychological measures with sound evidence of validity.

五·四 新文化 運動 考 - 신문화 운동 사상가들의 실적 분석 중심으로 -

조병학 京畿專門大學 1994 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.22

直接噴射式 디젤엔진에서 GTL熱料의 EGR率變化에 따른 排出物 特性에 關한 硏究

金秉儁,崔源鶴,柳鍾植,李海喆,車京玉 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2008 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Recently, altenative fuels are drawing more attentions due to the increasing need for lower emission characteristics and fuel consumption rate in automotive engines. The GTL(gas to luquid) is the one of most favored candidates. It has higher cetane number(more than 75) and almost negligible sulphur and aromatic contents. Therefore, enhanced emission characteristics are expected even in the application in diesel engines without any modification. In this study, the cylinder pressure and heat release, emission characteristics with fuel injection timings are compared between diesel and GTL fuel in the single cylinder diesel engine. Noticeable reduction in PM, THC and CO emission are observed due to lower sulphur and aromatic contents in GTL. Also, the ignition delay decreased due to higher cetane number of GTL , which slightly decreased the amount of NOx emissions. EGR is considered as a most efficient method to reduce the NOx emission. With EGR rates, NOx decreases more for the case of GTL, while the level of THC and CO emissions still remains lower than the case of diesel. With EGR rates, Small size distribution of PM became lager and there amount increased. Bul from all conditions, size distribution of PM for the case GTL was lower than Diesel.

元曉의 大乘菩薩戒思想과 그 意味

李炳學 한국고대사학회 2001 韓國古代史硏究 Vol.24 No.-

Wonhyo(617-686) comes of a noble family that is called "Head rank six(六頭品)" in the middle age unified Silla(統一新羅). SjJla has had the traditional school character on Buddhism, which was "Harmonious Doctrine(總和佛敎)". Wonhyo is the founder of this theory. and originated unique academic Buddhism which w"s named "Harmonization of different views(和諍)", then he overcame the aristocratic and scholarly Buddhism, while devoted himself to population of Buddhism. Wonhyo's creative thought, "Harmonization of different views(Hwajeang和諍)" might have contributed to extension of evangelism. in a standing point of religious excuting and ascetic doing, diverse textual studies from the Sutras are almost same. Coherent study of 'Hwajeang' is also seen in his recognition of Sila(religious precepts 戒律). Silla get divided into two group, that is 'Hinayana - Silla(小乘戒律)' and the 'Mahayana - Silla(Bodhisattv a - Sila 大乘戒律, 大乘菩薩戒)'. Bodhisattva-Silla is called over Mahayana - Silla, the other side 'Vinaya m four(四分律)' is representitive of Hinayana -Silla. Hinayana - Silla narrates through going restriction, control as a monk, yet Mahayana-Silla has a capacity for accepting general person who is the man of lower classes. so that it contained on inducement of the activity and innocent mind. In spite of such distinction, Wonhyo does not compart these system of Sila theory. the reason is what he has main thought; that is 'Hwajeang' of all studies of Buddhism. therefore, two Silas are equal in conclusion. Moreover he is famous for the 'Unhindered conduct(great freedom 無碍行)' that is for the enlightenment to painful people. this behavior of him ,as a bonze, derived from his firm conviction, 'hwajeang' as well. He placed Mahayana - Sila(for whom is at home) and Hinayana Sila(for a monk) in same catagory. it is built by the influence of "Awakening of Faith in Mahayana(大乘起信論)" system: this is very important idea (it is essential thought of him). Above all thing's, Wonhyo's remarkable and great performance, which is based on his writing, is edification to the poor people in the unified Silla ; his word and acting do corresponding exactly. In those day a bitter slave, poor peasant want to go Amitabha Buddha's Pure Land(paradise 阿彌陀淨土). that is to say, people's life was much agonizing. Wonhyo utilized the' Silla' for them. he made use of the Sila by means of awakening-expedient. Sila was one of the valuable practical thing to the poor people in the Silla. He probably made a considerable point of excuting and suitable Sila for them(easy and simple Sill a for the people). on that ground, people believed that they would come to life again in the Pure Land as a Silla - practicer. in this place, historical meaning of Wonhyo's Silla thought is in existence.

고대시가에 나타난 자연적 해석

유병학 공주교육대학교 초등연구원 1982 公州敎大論叢 Vol.18 No.-

.

자동판매기의 재고 보충 및 제품 재배치에 관한 연구

양병학 한국로지스틱스학회 2002 로지스틱스연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 논문에서 우리는 자판기 사업에서의 공급사슬상의 재고 관리 문제를 다루고 있다. 우리는 이동 통신 기술을 이용하여 데이터를 원격으로 송수신 할 수 있는 설비(MCU: Mobile Control Unit)를 개발하였다. 이 MCU를 통해서 자판기 내부의 재고 정보와 기기 상태 정보를 원격에서 감시할 수 있게 되었다. 그리고 이러한 정보를 인터넷밍을 이용하여 관리할 수 있는 자판기 관리 시스템(MVS : Mobile Vending machine System)을 개발하였다. 기존의 자판기 사업자들은 자판기 재고관리를 정기주문정책(periodic-review, order-up-to-level(R, S))을 사용하고 있었다. 또한 자판기에 보관할 제품의 양은 전체 사업단위별 판매 비율에 근거하여 자판기에 상관없이 동일한 분배 비율로 제품 배치를 하고 있었다. 우리는 MVS시스템의 효과를 극대화하기 위하여 재고관리 시스템은 정기재주문점정책(periodic-review, reorder-point, order-up-to-level(R,s,S))을 도입하였고, 자판기의 제품별 판매 비율에 근거하여 자판기별 제품배치 정책을 도입하였다. 기존의 시스템과 제안된 시스템을 비교하기 위해 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면 제안된 정책들을 도입한 경우 품절이 줄어들고, 재고 보충회수도 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. In this paper, we consider the supply chain wherein suppliers, vending operator, route man, vending machine, and customer. The Mobile Communication Unit (MCU) is developed to communicate data between vending machine and vending operators. We designed and developed a Mobile Vending Machine System(MVS) as an Application Service Provider(ASP) type. The operator can review the inventory level of the vending machines at remote by using the MVS. The traditional vending machine operator were used to periodic-review and order-up-to-level(R,S) policy as an inventory replenishment policy. We could introduce periodic-review. reorder-point and order-up-to-level(R,s,S) policy with the MVS. And we introduce a heuristic method for the item-allocation method. In the heuristic method, items are allocated by the demand rate of each item by each vending machine. We have performed simulation test for 40,000 case problems. By those simulation tests, we can show that shortage level and number of replenishment are reduced by the MVS.

五·四 前後 李大釗 文化思想 變遷考

조병학 京畿專門大學 1994 京畿專門大學 論文集 Vol.- No.21

한국소방발전을 위한 정책과제 연구 : 소방청 신설에 대응하는 제도·조직개선 구상 Redesigning Institutional and Organizational Improvement for the Establishment of the National Fire Service Agency

최병학,김학수 한국응급구조학회 2002 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Today, the basic problem of functional safe management of Korean Disaster Control system was separately administrated 33 acts that are relating to safe management in 13 ministries. Because of the facts that the fire service is not provided practically, the control system and risk management for safe administration are not operated, the information can not be shared with each other, and the various laws have the lacks of linkage, the National Safe System was appeared unsteady. The roles and function of fire service have started with restriction to operate structurally and institutionally, which operational structure of fire service is becoming weak. As a result, the federal and local fire organizations have not reached yet to the institutionalization and the local fire service agencies have bias with the task regarding the fire service because of the relation between organizational structure and the local fire agency. With the enforcement of the federal and local fire system, professionality and autonomy for making policy, and dealing with changes of fire service positively, the national fire service on the policy performance can be established. Promotion of research and development and education training to strengthen innovation in technology and competition in fire industry will contribute to the firmly establishment of control system to prevent from fire, flood, terror, and national disaster. This article proposed that (a) the established law and administration, agency are required efforts to effectively operate fire service system: (b) the national fire service agency, national college of fire, national institute of science fire, and national fire service hospital should be early established to make firmly policy to operate effectively and practically. These kinds of innovational acts are known the best ways of operating solid policy of national fire service system.