정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

5-〔3-(N-Substituted Piperazinyl)Propoxy〕Indan類의 合成과 中樞神經抑制效果

黃熙喆,閔庚鎭,文勝煜,李萬佶,徐丙天 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1985 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

Five new indans, 5-[3-(N-substitued piperaziny) propxy]indans, were synthesized by condensation of 5-(3-bromopropoxy)indan, the intermediate, and N-substituted piperazines. The structure of the compunds were determined by means of IR, NMR spectoscopy along with elemental analysis. Each compound was tested for antimorphine and antiamphetamine effects as part of CNS depressant effects and for muscle relaxant action in mice. Thes compound exhibited less potent activity compared to chlordiazepoxide on CNS depressant effect. Muscle reaxant action of the compounds, the side effect of tranquilizer, however, was much weaker than that of chlordiazepoxide.

[논문]보육실습에서 프로젝트접근법에 대한 예비보육교사의 관심수준 변화 연구

유병민,박수홍,강문숙,박철수,정경훈 교육혁신학술위원회 2011 교육혁신연구 Vol.21 No.1

본 연구는 예비보육교사가 보육실습이라는 과정에서 프로젝트 접근법에 대한 관심은 어떠하며, 관심변화 여부를 사례중심으로 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위하여 예비보육교사를 대상으로 보육실습 사전과 사후검사를 실시하였으며, 자세하고 구체적인 사실과 연구의 질적인 부분을 찾아보고자 인터뷰하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 프로젝트에 대한 예비보육교사들의 관심은 전반적으로 무관심으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사전․사후검사 결과, 프로젝트 접근법에 대한 관심수준의 변화가 있었던 사례에서는 관심변화의 패턴도 다양하게 나타났으며, 관심변화가 크게 없었던 사례에서는 개인, 정보관심이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 프로젝트에 대한 예비보육교사의 관심수준은 보육환경, 보육과정, 실습지도 교사, 예비보육교사의 지각력, 프로젝트에 대한 사전지식이나 교육정도에 따라 다양하게 변할 수 있음을 알게 되었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the case in which we can identify how the SoC of prospective child care teachers about the project approach changes and why these change appears during the child care practice when we assumpt that for prospective child care teachers to implement the project approach is that they participate in change during child care practice. In Case K, the SoC of the prospective child care teacher moves from Stage 0 awareness to Stage 2, Stage 3, Stage 4, and In Case M, the SoC moves from Stage 0 to Stage 1. In Case P, the SoC moves from Stage 1 to Stage 2, Stage 3, and in Case S, the SoC isn't changed. Above this, we identify the SoC of prospective child care teachers. Case K, M, and P changes SoC after child care practice, but Case S doesn't change. the reason why there is a difference is the mindset of prospective child care teachers. Anyone who wants to accomplish specific purposes can deal with diverse changes with flexibility, but others can easily have an effect on the changes. We suggest that instructor in organization for prospective child care teachers’ education need to have a class for prospective child care teachers to put theory into practice, give direct facilitation and intervention in the field to prospective child care teachers, make a learning environment for prospective child care teachers to make good use of teaching materials and instrument, develop guidebook for project approach and give support to prospective child care teachers.

고저항 사고 모델링에 관한 연구

채종병,변성현,김철환 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.1

High Impedance Faults (HIF) present a source of threat to utilities customers and personnel. Arcing faults result in waste of energy and can damage property. Protection against these faults comes mainly from a moral point of view, i.e. improving safety to persons. High Impedance Faults are difficult to detect, when the impedance at the point of fault is high enough to limit the fault current to the unprotected region of conventional overcurrent devices. Numerous detection methods have been suggested for such fault detection. However, each detection method cannot detect all electrical conditions resulting from down conductor fault. Until now, the arc models used for modeling high impedance fault were proposed. But, these are not suitable for implementing in EMTP. This paper proposes a technique for modeling the high impedance fault in transmission line using the ZnO arrester which can be implemented within EMTP. The performance of the proposed model is tested under a variety of fault conditions on a typical 345[kV] korean transmission line system.

葯培養을 利用한 벼의 細胞質雄性不稔 系統에 대한 稔性回復 系統의 育成

高在哲,崔秉晉 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1994 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

벼 1代雜種普及에는 雜種强勢가 높고 우수한 不稔系統과 稔性回復力이 높은 系統이 준비된 후에 實用化가 기대되어진다. 本 硏究는 雄性不稔親에 대한 稔性回復親을 育成하기 위한 方法으로 葯培養을 利用한 結果이다. 1. 稔性回復遺傳子를 갖인 密陽77號, 伽倻벼를 片親으로 交雜시킨 4組合 F_1 葯培養에서 캘루스 分化率은 20∼40%, 綠色植物體 分化率은 2∼8%였다. 2. 密陽 77號 × IR20654(인디카) F_1葯培養 後代系統은 인디카 不稔親에는 60∼88%의 높은 種子稔性을 나타내었으나, 자포니카 不稔親에는 完全不稔性을 나타낸 것은 回復遺傳子를 갖인 小胞子가 雄性不忍細胞質인 WA와의 相互作用에 의하여 花粉形成의 어느 단계에서 退化된 것으로 추측된다. 3. 密陽 77號 × 密陽 74號(자포니카) F_1葯培養 後代系統은 水原304A 不稔親과는 60%以下의 部分稔性 내지 完全不稔이었고 레이메이A 不稔親과는 40%以下의 部分稔性을 나타낸 것은 遠綠交雜에 의한 雜種不稔性이 관여한 것으로 생각되며 HR1619A 不稔親과는 4系統에서 80% 以上의 높은 稔性回復力을 나타내었다. 4. 伽倻벼 × 密陽 74號F_1葯培養 後代에서 선발된 ACP5는 자포니카 不稔親인 水原304A에 80%以上의 높은 花粉稔性과 種子稔性을 보여 자포니카 1代雜種 硏究에 回復親으로 기대되었다. 5. 인디카의 回復遺傳子를 자포니카로 移轉하는데 雜種不稔性이 問題가 되나 葯培養은 雜種不稔을 제거하는데 有效할 것으로 생각되었다. In the anther culture of indica X japonica about 20-40% of callus was obtained, and 2-8% of regenerated plants were obtained. In the test-cross between Milyang 77 X IR 20654(indica type) regenerated by anther culture(polen parent) and cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility(CGMS) line, indica sterile line showed about 60-88% seed fertility. But japonica sterile line showed complete sterility. It is suggested that the microspores having restore gene were de-generated during the formative period of pollens by interaction of WA. Between Milyang 74(japonica) X Milyang 77 and CGMS line, Suweon 304A sterile line showed partial fertility(below 60%) or complete sterility, and Reimei A showed partial sterili-ty(about 40%). But in HR 1619A(indica type), 4 plants showed high fetility above 80%. Thus it might be useful as a restorer of CGMS line. Between Gayabyeo X Milyang 74 and CGMS line, Suweon 304A showed about 80% pol-len fertility and seed fertility. Thus it might be useful for the study of F1 hybrid of japonica type rice.

서울시 대기오염과 호흡기 질환 환자와의 관련성에 대한 시계열적 연구

최병철,구정완,박성균,임현우,이강숙,이원철,박정일 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 서울시의 대기오염 수준이 호흡기 질환 외래 환자수에 미치는 단기 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1997년 7월부터 1998년 6월까지 서울시의 대기오염자료와 호흡기 질환에 대한 의료보험자료를 분석하였다. 추세변동과 기상요인, 요일 및 주별 효과등의 교란요인을 제어하고 관련성을 평가하기 위하여 generalized additive model(GAM)을 이용하였다. 결과 : 교란요인을 제어한 기본모델에 각 대기오염 물질을 포함시켜 분석한 결과, CO는 모든 연령층에서 일정하게 당일 농도가 가장 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고(RR=1.041∼1.051), NO₂역시 3일전의 농도가 모든 연령층에서 가장 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(RR=1.024∼1.050). O₃와 SO₂는 4일전 농도부터 당일 농도까지 지연시간이 길게 나타나는 특징을 보였으며, 15세 이하에서는 3일전 농도가(O₃RR=1.047, 95 % Cl=1.045∼1.049, SO₂RR=1.018, 95 % Cl=1.017∼1.020), 15-64fll (O₃RR=1.035, 95 % Cl=1.032∼1.037, SO₂RR=1.037, 95 % Cl=1.035∼1.039)와 65세 이상 (O₃RR=1.042, 95 % Cl=1.033∼1.051, SO₂RR=1,029, 95 % Cl=1.022∼1.036)에서는 당일 농도가 가장 유의한 결과를 나타냈다. PM□은 유의성이 낮게 나타났는데 15세 이하는 하루 전 농도(RR=1.011, 95 % 71=1.010∼1.013), 15∼64771(RR=1.021, 95 % Cl=1.019∼1.023)와 65세 이상(RR=1.025, 95 % Cl=1.018∼1.032)은 당일 농도가 유의하게 나타났다. 두 포염물질씩을 기본모델에 포함시켜 분석한 결과 CO, NO₂, O₃는 상대위험비가 '단일 오염물질모델'의 값과 거의 일정하게 통계적 유의성을 유지하였으나 SO₂는 15세 이하에서 NO₂와 같이 포함된 모델에서 통계적 유의성을 상실하였다. PM□은 모든 연령층에서 CO와 같이 포함된 모델에서 통계적 유의성을 상실하여 '단일 오염물질모델'에서 나타난 유의성이 CO에 의한 교란작용의 결과임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 15세 이하에서 NO₂, 15∼64세와 65세 이상에서 502와 같이 포함된 모델에서 역시 유의성을 상실하여 본 연구에서 살펴본 호흡기 질환에 미치는 PM□의 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과는 서울시의 일상적인 대기오염이 여러 호흡기질환의 발생을 증가시킬 수 있음을 보여주었다. 따라서 대기오염의 효율적 규제에 대해 보다 적극적인 대책이 마련되어야 할 것이다. Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate whether air pollution levels in Seoul have short term effects on respiratory disease outpatients. Methods : We analyzed five air pollutants (CO, NO₂, O₃, SO₂, PM□) and daily counts of outpatient for respiratory disease divided by age group ((15yrs, 15-64yrs, 654yrs)during the period of July 1997-June 1998 using Generalized Additive Model (GAM) . Results : After controlling for seasonal trends, day of the week, week of the month, temperature and humidity, CO (RR=1.041 ∼1.051, 0-day lag) and NO₂(RR=1.024∼1.050, 3-day lag) were significantly associated with daily counts for respiratory disease in all age groups. O₃and SO₂were associated, with a 3-day lag in the age group under 15 years (O₃RR=1.047, 95% Cl=1.045-1.049; SO₂RR=1.018, 95% Cl=1.017-1.020) and with a 0-day lag in the age group 15 to 64 years (03 RR=1.035, 95% Cl=1.032-1.037; 502 RR=1.037, 95% Cl=1.035-1.039), in the age group over 65 years (O₃RR=1.042, 95% Cl=1.033-1.051; SO₂RR=1.029, 95% Cl=1.022-1.036). PMlo was weakly associated, with a 1∼day lag In the age group under 15 years (RR=1.011, 95% Cl=1.010-1.013) and with a 0-day lag in the age group 15 to 64 years (RR=1.021, 95% Cl=1.019-1.023), in the age group over 65 years(RR=1.025, 95% Cl=1.018-1.032) . In the' two pollutant model', the magnitudes of the recta alive risk for CO, NO₂nd O₃were maintained, but SO₂was not assoclated with daily counts for respiratory disease in the age group under 15 years after controlling for NO₂-PM□ was not associated in all age groups after controlling for CO, so the association with PM□ in the' single pollutant model' might be confounded by CO. In this study, the impact of PM□ on the respiratory disease was not large as compared with other pollutants. Conclusions : Air pollution in Seoul may Increase the Incidence of the respiratory disease, so more positive attention for the control of air pollution should be paid.

CybexⅡ를 이용한 여자 태권도 선수와 유도 선수들의 등속성 근력에 관한 연구

조용철,류병관 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1995 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.1

The purpose of this study was to assess isokinetic factors between female taekwondo and judo players. Fourteen female subjects employed for this study were all national team levels. They were all university students and average age were 21 years old. The main findings as follows: 1) Taekwondo players were significantly higher than Judo players in Peak Torque. 2) Taekwondo players were significantly wider than Judo players in angle of Peak Torque. 3) Taekwondo players were significantly faster than Judo players in Accel Time. 4) Taekwondo players were significantly higher than Judo players in Total Work. 5) Taekwondo players were significantly higher than Judo players in Average Power. 6) Taekwondo players were significantly higher than Judo players in TAE. 7) Taekwondo players were significantly higher than Judo players in Set Total Work. 8) There was no significant differences exist in endurance rate between female Taekwondo and Judo players.

婦人科領域에서 應用된 鍼灸治療에 關한 文獻的 考察

金哲源,柳深根,朴炳烈 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1991 원광한의학 Vol.1 No.1

Bibliographic study on the acupuncture and moxibustion treatment applied to gynecological diseases divided into 9 Parts. And the results are as follows. 1. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the JO-KYUNG Part(調經門) were 54. Kidney-Meridian, Liver-Meridian, Conception Vessel-Meridian were used with high frequency and Joong-Kuk (CV_3), Sam-Um-Kyo(SP_6), Ki-Hai(CV_6) were frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used. 2. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the BUNG-ROO Part(崩漏門) were 36. Liver-Meridian, Kidney-Meridian, Bladder-Meridian were used with high frequency and Tai-choong(LIV_3), Hyul Hae(SP_10) Um-Gok(K_10) were frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used. 3. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the DE-HA Part(帶下門) were 46. Bladder-Meridian, Conception Vessel-Meridian, Kidney-Meridian were used with high frequency and God-Gol(CV_2), Jook-Kuk(CV_3), Di-Hai(CV_6) were frequently used. Also Yin and Yang-Meridian showed same frequency. 4. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the JING-HA Part(징하문) were 51. Spleen-Meridian, Kidney-Meridian, Conception Vessel-Meridian were used with high frequency and Sa-Man(K_14), Suk-Kwan(K_18), Kok-Chun(LIV_8) were frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used. 5. Total number of meridian-point used in the KOO-SA Part(求嗣門) were 38. Kidney-Meridian, Conception Vessel-Meridian, Bladder-Meridian were used with high frequency and Kwan-Won(CV_4), Joong-Kuk(CV_3), Yeun-Gok(K_2) were used with high frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used. 6. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the IM-SIN Part(姙娠門) were 58. Conception Vessel-Meridian, Spleen-Meridian, Kidney-Meridian were used with high frequency and Sam-Um-Kyo(SP_6), Kwan-Won(CV_4), Kyum Jung(G_21) were frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used. 7. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the SAN-HOO Part(産後門) were 43. Conception Vessel-Meridian, Spleen-Meridian, Liver-Meridian were used with high frequency and Ki-Hai(CV_6), Sam-Um-Kyo(SP_6), Kwan-Won(CV_4) were frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used. 8. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the YOU-BYONG Part(乳病門) were 47. Kidney-Meridian, Stomach-Meridian, Conception Vssel-Meridian were used with high frequency and Jok-Sam-Lee(S_36), Ha-Lyum(S_39), Jun-Jung(CV_17) were frequently used. Also Yin and Yang-Meridian showed same frequency. 9. Total numbers of meridian-point used in the JUN-UM Part(前陰門) were 35. Liver-Meridian, Heart-Meridian, Kidney-Meridian were used with high frequency and Kok-Chun(LIV_8), Sho-Boo(H_8), Dai-Don(LIV_1) were frequently used. Also Yin-Meridian was chiefly used.

태권도 발전방안에 대한 과제해결방식적 접근

강성철,류병관 龍仁大學校 1998 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.15 No.-

Taekwondo is developed as a one of biggest martial art sport in the world. Korea took a important role in the world Taekwondo society as a origin nation. But, the current situations of Taekwondo in origin nation are very difficult to continuing develop Taekwondo as a Korean traditional martial art which became a world sport. Because there are three different Taekwondo organization in one origin nation Korea. And they looks have a their own role in the Korean Taekwondo society, but they only consist for their administrational power also create nothing for develop Taekwondo. The Korea Taekwondo society have basically several problems as follows. The main problem is essence of Taekwondo. The question is that Taekwondo is martial art or sport. The second problem is historical problems. The third problem is the role of origin nation. The fourth problem is administration And the fifth problem is identfying philosophy of Taekwondo. Taekwondo is a martial art.. It containing the sportic aspect. The history of Taekwondo is not a matter of form, matter of culture. It has to solving by a cultureal aspect. And the new roles of origin nation is creating culture to get position back to Taekwondo as a traditional culture. The Taekwondo organization which staying in Korea like World Taekwondo Association, Kukiwon. and Korea Taekwondo association are need extra chain of command tool· develop origin nation's Taekwondo.

月經痛에 應用되는 淸熱調血湯의 效能에 對한 實驗的 硏究

金哲源,柳深根,朴炳烈 圓光大學校 韓醫學硏究所 1992 원광한의학 Vol.2 No.1

To elucidate the effects of Chungyeoljohyeoltang(淸熱調血湯) being applied to dysmenorrhea, after oral administration Chungyeoljohyeoltang water extract in mice and rats, acute toxicity, analgesic, sedative, hypothermic, estrogenec actions, action on isolated uterine muscle and serum estradiol concentration were measured. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The yield of water extract of Chungyeoljohyeoltang was 21.8%, minimum lethal dose was 4,000mg/kg, which rarely had the acute toxicity in mice and rats. 2. The analgesic effects of Chungyeoljohyeoltang by acetic acid induced writhing syndrome in mice were not remarkably observed. 3. The relaxant action of Chungyeoljohyeoltang by acetic acid induced uterine muscle in estrogenized rats were not remarkably observed. 4. The hypothermic effects of Chungyeoljohyeoltang in rat's rectus were remarked. 5. The sedative effects of Chungyeoljohyeoltnag by hexobarbital sodium induced sleeping time in mice were remarked. 6. Administration of Chungyeoljohyeoltnag increased serum estradiol consentration in rats but without significance. 7. Administration of Chungyeoljohyeoltnag caused remarkably increase in weight of rat's uterus.