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Images and Figurations: Creative Cognition and Representation in Nietzsche
Ruth A BURCH 한국니체학회 2018 니체연구 Vol.33 No.-
The aim of this article is to explore Nietzsche’s understanding of thinking as the partaking in transformative experimentation. In this writing, I argue that Nietzsche thinks in images. For him cognition ought to be based on new figurations that incarnate located narratives that improve the future. Nietzsche creatively synthesises in his experimental thought various domains of knowledge. He not only plays with metaphors but philosophical cheerfulness is also indispensable to his experimentations as Ruth Burch holds in her book entitled ‘Is Donna Haraway’s ‘Situated Knowledge’ Nietzschean ‘Gay Science?’ In The Birth of Tragedy, Nietzsche links art and science. In Daybreak and in Ecce Homo, he depicts the necessity of thinking in images and metaphors. His figurations that are a result of his right to responsibility embody future-enhancing stories.
Junghyun Ryu,Fernanda C. Burch,Emily Mishler,Martha Neuringer,Jon D. Hennebold,Carol Hanna The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction and Biot 2022 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.37 No.4
Direct injection of CRISPR/Cas9 into zygotes enables the production of genetically modified nonhuman primates (NHPs) essential for modeling specific human diseases, such as Usher syndrome, and for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Usher syndrome is a rare genetic disease that causes loss of hearing, retinal degeneration, and problems with balance, and is attributed to a mutation in MYO7A, a gene that encodes an uncommon myosin motor protein expressed in the inner ear and retinal photoreceptors. To produce an Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B) rhesus macaque model, we disrupted the MYO7A gene in developing zygotes. Identification of appropriately edited MYO7A embryos for knockout embryo transfer requires sequence analysis of material recovered from a trophectoderm (TE) cell biopsy. However, the TE biopsy procedure is labor intensive and could adversely impact embryo development. Recent studies have reported using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from embryo culture media to detect aneuploid embryos in human in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. The cfDNA is released from the embryo during cell division or cell death, suggesting that cfDNA may be a viable resource for sequence analysis. Moreover, cfDNA collection is not invasive to the embryo and does not require special tools or expertise. We hypothesized that selection of appropriate edited embryos could be performed by analyzing cfDNA for MYO7A editing in embryo culture medium, and that this method would be advantageous for the subsequent generation of genetically modified NHPs. The purpose of this experiment is to determine whether cfDNA can be used to identify the target gene mutation of CRISPR/Cas9 injected embryos. In this study, we were able to obtain and utilize cfDNA to confirm the mutagenesis of MYO7A, but the method will require further optimization to obtain better accuracy before it can replace the TE biopsy approach.
류정현,Fernanda C. Burch,Emily Mishler,Martha Neuringer,Jon D. Hennebold,Carol Hanna 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2022 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.37 No.4
Direct injection of CRISPR/Cas9 into zygotes enables the production of genetically modified nonhuman primates (NHPs) essential for modeling specific human diseases, such as Usher syndrome, and for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Usher syndrome is a rare genetic disease that causes loss of hearing, retinal degeneration, and problems with balance, and is attributed to a mutation in MYO7A, a gene that encodes an uncommon myosin motor protein expressed in the inner ear and retinal photoreceptors. To produce an Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B) rhesus macaque model, we disrupted the MYO7A gene in developing zygotes. Identification of appropriately edited MYO7A embryos for knockout embryo transfer requires sequence analysis of material recovered from a trophectoderm (TE) cell biopsy. However, the TE biopsy procedure is labor intensive and could adversely impact embryo development. Recent studies have reported using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from embryo culture media to detect aneuploid embryos in human in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics. The cfDNA is released from the embryo during cell division or cell death, suggesting that cfDNA may be a viable resource for sequence analysis. Moreover, cfDNA collection is not invasive to the embryo and does not require special tools or expertise. We hypothesized that selection of appropriate edited embryos could be performed by analyzing cfDNA for MYO7A editing in embryo culture medium, and that this method would be advantageous for the subsequent generation of genetically modified NHPs. The purpose of this experiment is to determine whether cfDNA can be used to identify the target gene mutation of CRISPR/Cas9 injected embryos. In this study, we were able to obtain and utilize cfDNA to confirm the mutagenesis of MYO7A, but the method will require further optimization to obtain better accuracy before it can replace the TE biopsy approach.
Applications of Biotechnology in the Study of Mollusks
Hoeh,W.R.,Chung,P.R.,Burch,J.B. INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1989 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.20 No.1
Snails are common and widespread, and various species mediate some serious helminthic diseases. Very few snail hosts have been well studied ; most are poorly known, and others are still awaiting discovery. Some snails are highly susceptible to specific parasites, yet their sibling species are refractory to infection by these same parasites(i.e., the latter snails cannot serve as hosts). This presents several problems, two of which are (1) how to distinguish the disease mediators from the harmless snails, and (2) what is the mechanism for susceptibility/refractivity. Various mehtodologies have been used to investigate the first problem, which are the objects of this paper. Cytogenetics, immunotaxonomy, protein electrophoresis and mitochondrial DNA analyses are areas of particular interest to us. The first three methodologies have proven especially useful in the taxonomic elucidation and discrimination of snail hosts. While a relatively recent development, mt-DNA analyses(e. g., determination of gene order, base sequence, base composition, restriction sites) offer characters that will be useful at various taxonomic levels.
Immobilization of Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum with Filamentous Fungi and Its Kinetics
Barzee Tyler J.,El-Mashad Hamed M.,Burch Andrew R.,Franz Annaliese K.,Zhang Ruihong 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.2
Immobilizing microalgae cells in a hyphal matrix can simplify harvest while producing novel mycoalgae products with potential food, feed, biomaterial, and renewable energy applications; however, limited quantitative information to describe the process and its applicability under various conditions leads to difficulties in comparing across studies and scaling-up. Here, we demonstrate the immobilization of both active and heat-deactivated marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (UTEX 466) using different loadings of fungal pellets (Aspergillus sp.) and model the process through kinetics and equilibrium models. Active P. tricornutum cells were not required for the fungal-assisted immobilization process and the fungal isolate was able to immobilize more than its original mass of microalgae. The Freundlich isotherm model adequately described the equilibrium immobilization characteristics and indicated increased normalized algae immobilization (g algae removed/g fungi loaded) under low fungal pellet loadings. The kinetics of algae immobilization by the fungal pellets were found to be adequately modeled using both a pseudo-second order model and a model previously developed for fungal-assisted algae immobilization. These results provide new insights into the behavior and potential applications of fungal-assisted algae immobilization.
Thapa, Bijaya,Dahl, Marjanna,Kholmovski, Eugene,Burch, Phillip,Frank, Deborah,Jeong, Eun-Kee Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2018 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.22 No.1
Purpose: Children born with single ventricle physiology demonstrate poor growth rate and suffer from malnutrition, which lead to increased morbidity and mortality in this population. We assume that an anabolic steroid, oxandrolone, will promote growth in these infants by improving myocardial energy utilization. The purpose of this paper is to study the efficacy of oxandrolone on myocardial energy consumption in these infants. Materials and Methods: We modeled single ventricle physiology in a lamb by prenatally shunting the aorta to the pulmonary artery and then postnatally, we monitored cardiac energy utilization by quantitatively measuring the first order reaction rate constant, $k_f$ of the creatine-kinase reaction in the heart using magnetization transfer $^{31}P$ magnetic resonance spectroscopy, home built $^1H/^{31}P$ transmit/receive double tuned coil, and transmit/receive switch. We also performed cine MRI to study the structure and dynamic function of the myocardium and the left ventricular chamber. The spectroscopy data were processed using home-developed python software, while cine data were analyzed using Argus software. Results: We quantitatively measured both the first order reaction rate constant and ejection fraction in the control, shunted, and the oxandrolone-treated lambs. Both $k_f$ and ejection fraction were found to be more significantly reduced in the shunted lambs compared to the control lambs, and they are increased in oxandrolone-treated lambs. Conclusion: Some improvement was observed in both the first order reaction rate constant and ejection fraction for the lamb treated with oxandrolone in our preliminary study.