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Iron Reshapes the Gut Microbiome and Host Metabolism
Botta Amy,Barra Nicole G.,Lam Nhat Hung,Chow Samantha,Pantopoulos Kostas,Schertzer Jonathan D.,Sweeney Gary 한국지질동맥경화학회 2021 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Compelling studies have established that the gut microbiome is a modifier of metabolic health. Changes in the composition of the gut microbiome are influenced by genetics and the environment, including diet. Iron is a potential node of crosstalk between the host-microbe relationship and metabolic disease. Although iron is well characterized as a frequent traveling companion of metabolic disease, the role of iron is underappreciated because the mechanisms of iron's influence on host metabolism are poorly characterized. Both iron deficiency and excessive amounts leading to iron overload can have detrimental effects on cardiometabolic health. Optimal iron homeostasis is critical for regulation of host immunity and metabolism in addition to regulation of commensal and pathogenic enteric bacteria. In this article we review evidence to support the notion that altering composition of the gut microbiome may be an important route via which iron impacts cardiometabolic health. We discuss reshaping of the microbiome by iron, the physiological significance and the potential for therapeutic interventions.
Bulk electrolysis of Zn-phthalocyanine unveils self assembled nanospheres via anion binding
Narra Vamsi Krishna,Botta Bhavani,Madoori Mrinalini,K.S. Srivishnu,Lingamallu Giribabu,Seelam Prasanthkumar 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.6
Stimuli responsive π-conjugated macrocyclic systems has shown significant attention in organic electronics, however, amongst them, porphyrins and phthalocyanines unveiled remarkable growth towards materials and biological applications. Herein, we report bulk electrolysis of Zn-phthalocyanine system (ZnPc-OMe) under potential difference of 1.5 V in chloroform results anion binding mechanism directs the formation of self-assembled nanospheres by diffusion controlled approach. Electrochemical and UV–Vis absorption studies of ZnPc- OMe suggest that anion (Cl−) binding ability towards ‘Zn‘ whilst applied potential leads to the formation of H+[(Cl)ZnPc-OMe]- promote the enhanced current and charge generation. Microscopic analysis revealed that ZnPc-OMe and H+[(Cl)ZnPc-OMe]- exhibit the nanosheets and spheres with an average diameter of 0.5–1 μm and 300–500 nm, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis and raman spectra revealed the changes in crystalline phase transitions via ion-dipole and π-π stacking interactions. Thus, these unique features are atypical for phthalocyanine derivative hitherto unknown.
Wear Resistant Duplex Stainless Steels Produced by Spray Forming
Juliano Soyama,Thiago Pama Lopes,Guilherme Zepon,Claudio Shyinti Kiminami,Walter José Botta,Claudemiro Bolfarini 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.2
In this work, boron-modified duplex stainless steels were prepared by spray forming using design guidelines provided bythermodynamic calculations. Firstly, an investigation of stable phases and phase formation sequence in duplex steels containinghigh levels of boron was conducted. The calculation indicated that there was an eutectic point at around 1 wt% boron withdifferent primary phase formations upon equilibrium solidification. For hypoeutectic compositions, the primary phase wasδ-Ferrite, whereas for hypereutectic a metallic boride (M2B) should form. Additionally, eutectic reactions for both compositionsshould lead to the formation of borides M2Band M3B2. Secondly, spray forming experiments were conducted basedon the thermodynamic calculations. Sample preparation was carried out using a conventional superduplex steel (2507) asstarting material. Two different compositions were selected: one hypoeutectic (0.8 wt% B) and one hypereutectic (2.5 wt%B). The microstructural investigation revealed the formation of different types of borides embedded in an austenitic-ferriticmatrix. Finally, the wear resistance was evaluated with the dry sand/rubber wheel test and a significant improvement wasobserved for boron-containing steels in comparison with the same steel without boron. This improvement was attributed tothe presence of fine and well-distributed boride particles that protected the austenitic-ferritic matrix from material removal.
( Maximiliano Toscano ),( Maria Lourdes Posadas Martinez ),( Pablo Marcelo Ajler ),( Maria Victoria Franco ),( Maria Teresa Garcia Botta ),( Ezequiel Goldschmidt ),( Fernan Gonzalez Bernaldo De Quiros 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). VTE represents the fi rst cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in neurosurgery, these patients have many additional risk factors for VTE, but thromboprophylaxis is discussed for threatened complications. Estimated annual incidence in the United States is 600, 000 cases, with a mortality of nearly 17% at 3 months after diagnosis. Objetive: To estimate the incidence of postoperative VTE in patients with neurosurgery and to describe thrombophylactic measures, assigned treatment and associated complications. Methods: Retrospective cohort of all patients (=17 years) who underwent a neurosurgical procedure from January 2010 to January 2012. All patients were followed up to 90 days to evaluate the presence of VTE and/or death. Baseline characteristics, thromboprophylaxis, treatment for VTE and complications were evaluated. Results: During two years, 321 patients met the inclusion criteria. VTE incidence was 3. 1% (10 cases, 95% CI:1. 2%-4. 9%), 5 patients developed DVT, the other half developed both DVT and PE. 52% were female, median age was 55 (RIC 35-66) years. From the total of patients, 71% (229) received thromboprophylaxis, from which 58% implemented mechanical thromboprophylaxis and 42% received associated pharmacologic prophylaxis. 4 of the 10 patients with DVT were receiving prophylaxis at the time of the event. Not receiving thromboprophylaxis increased 1. 5 times (95%, CI:0. 95-2. 38, p=0. 001) the risk of presenting VTE that in those who received thromboprophylaxis. The risk of developing PE was 4 times (95%, CI:0. 73-22%, p=0. 001) bigger in those who didn´t receive thromboprophylaxis. 80% of patients received treatment for VTE: anticoagulants (4), thrombolytics and anticoagulants (1), thrombolytics (1), thrombolytics and fi lter (1) and 1 received fi lter and anticoagulation. For complications, no ETV patients died, one required hospitalization and 6. 9% (22) had major bleedings. Conclusions: VTE remains an important complication in neurosurgical patients.
New results on mesonic weak decay of <i>p</i>-shell <i>Λ</i>-hypernuclei
Agnello, M.,Andronenkov, A.,Beer, G.,Benussi, L.,Bertani, M.,Bhang, H.C.,Bonomi, G.,Botta, E.,Bregant, M.,Bressani, T.,Bufalino, S.,Busso, L.,Calvo, D.,Camerini, P.,Dalena, B.,De Mori, F.,D'Erasmo, G. Elsevier 2009 Physics letters: B Vol.681 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The FINUDA experiment performed a systematic study of the charged mesonic weak decay channel of <I>p</I>-shell <I>Λ</I>-hypernuclei. Negatively charged pion spectra from mesonic decay were measured with magnetic analysis for the first time for <SUP>7</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>Li, <SUP>9</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>Be, <SUP>11</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>B and <SUP>15</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>N. The shape of the <SUP>π−</SUP> spectra was interpreted through a comparison with pion distorted wave calculations that take into account the structure of both hypernucleus and daughter nucleus. Branching ratios <SUB>Γ<SUP>π−</SUP></SUB>/<SUB>Γtot</SUB> were derived from the measured spectra and converted to <SUP>π−</SUP> decay rates <SUB>Γ<SUP>π−</SUP></SUB> by means of known or extrapolated total decay widths <SUB>Γtot</SUB> of <I>p</I>-shell <I>Λ</I>-hypernuclei. Based on these measurements, the spin-parity assignment 1/<SUP>2+</SUP> for <SUP>7</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>Li and 5/<SUP>2+</SUP> for <SUP>11</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>B ground-state are confirmed and a spin-parity 3/<SUP>2+</SUP> for <SUP>15</SUP><SUB><I>Λ</I></SUB>N ground-state is assigned for the first time.</P>
Correlated Λt pairs from the absorption of K<sup>-</sup> at rest in light nuclei
FINUDA Collaboration,Agnello, M.,Andronenkov, A.,Beer, G.,Benussi, L.,Bertani, M.,Bhang, H.C.,Bonomi, G.,Botta, E.,Bregant, M.,Bressani, T.,Bufalino, S.,Busso, L.,Calvo, D.,Camerini, P.,Caponero, M.,D North-Holland Pub. Co 2008 Physics letters: B Vol.669 No.3
Novel data from the K<SUB>stop</SUB><SUP>-</SUP>A absorption reaction in light nuclei <SUP>6,7</SUP>Li and <SUP>9</SUP>Be are presented. The study aimed at finding Λt correlations. Regardless of A, the Λt pairs are preferentially emitted in opposite directions. Reaction modeling predominantly assigns to the K<SUB>stop</SUB><SUP>-</SUP>A->Λt(N)A<SUP>'</SUP> direct reactions the emission of the Λt pairs whose yield is found to range from 10<SUP>-3</SUP> to 10<SUP>-4</SUP>/K<SUB>stop</SUB><SUP>-</SUP>. The experiment was performed with the FINUDA spectrometer at DAΦNE (LNF).