Locating Narratives of Diasporas and/or Émigré Otherness in National Literatures

Boris Š,kvorc 한국외국어대학교 동유럽발칸연구소 2015 동유럽발칸연구 Vol.39 No.6

이 논문은 민족문학과 이민자 문학에 대한 담화가 (그 국가에서) 어떻게 치부되며, 이론적 글쓰기에 의해 정의되는지, 그리고 국민문학 으로서 또는 학문적, 정치적 패권에 의해 공표되는지에 대한 과정에 주안점을 둔다. 이 논문은 또한 관심의 중점에 있는 두 가지 사안을 제시한다. 첫 번째는 해체주의와 포스트식민주의부터 다문화주의와 젠더 연구까지를 다룬 수많은 문학적, 그리고 문화적 연구에서 (사용 되는) 방법론적 접근방식의 중심인 ‘다름(이질성)’에 대한 질문이다. 이 사안은 후기 푸코주의 이론의 담화, 권력의 분배, 그리고 소외된 공간의 포함과 관련 있는 ‘이민자역사 재구성‘의 맥락에서 논의된다. 여기서, 소외된 공간의 의미는 이주된 글쓴이가 생활했던 타지를 말 한다. 두 번째 사안은 자료집과 저서에서 관찰할 수 있는 작가의 소외된 목소리(의견)의 발췌와 관련되어 있으며, 또한 이민자 문학이 시간적인(시대적인) 양상뿐만 아니라 공간적인 양상도 포함시킨다는 점에서 ‘시공간적인 차이에 대한 교량 역할’과도 관련되어 있다. 이는역동적인 과정이라 할 수 있으며, 또한 국민 문학의 현재 상황을 재-시성(再-諡聖), 재평가 하는 과정에 대한 담화를 역사화 하는 것을 포함한다. 저자는 이러한 과정에서 흔히 새로운 의미와 패러다임을 부여하는 모국의 패러다임과 반대되게 해석하는 것으로부터 생기는 ‘다름’에 역사주의가 박혀있다고 주장한다. 담론적인 상황에서 나타나는이러한 움직임은 활동적인 망각, 즉, ‘기억하려 하지 않는 것‘에 대한 반발이다. 이러한 맥락에서 개인은 ‘무언가를 대표하는 것’과 같은 새로운 것에 대한 창조는 필연적으로 억압의 행위를 포함한다.”라는 주장을 내세우는 후기 니체주의, 그리고 후기 구조주의의 기조를 고려해야만 한다. 이 논문의 마지막 부분에는 발칸반도, 한반도와 같은 두 반도라는 공통적 환경에서 겪는 (위에서 언급한)과정의 방식을 다루고 있다. 필자는 또 다른 두 번째 논문에서 개별적인 지역적으로, 또는 담론적으로 뚜렷하게 표시된 지역을 다루게 될 것이다. In this article the emphasis is on the procedures in which the ethnic and émigré literature discourses are considered and defined in theoretical writing and how are they evaluated in the process of canonization in national literatures, or within the circle of their academic and political hegemonic frames1. At the centre of attention will be two questions. The first question is allied with the poststructuralist question of otherness which nowadays is still central to a number of post-structural methodological approaches in literary and cultural studies, from deconstruction and post-colonial theory to multicultural and gender studies. Its implications are discussed in the context of post-Foucauldian poststructuralist theories of discourse, in ideas about the distribution of power and in the context of the re-construction of history of displaced others in relation to the now-alienated imaginary space of possible inclusion. By that I mean the original environment from which the émigré writer is physically excluded. The second question is concerned with the location of the displaced voice in both corpus and cannon, andwith the bridging of a gap in time and space which in émigré literature is not only a temporal issue but also spatial. It often represents a poly-ethnic and dispersed discursive realm, rather than an ethno-centric and biased position hostile to the dominant hegemonic order. All this represents a dynamic interaction of fields and includes the process of historicizing discourse in a process of re-canonizing and re-evaluating the current strategies in rewriting national literatures’ histories and their dealings with their own others. I will argue that this process of diverting the traditional historicism of closed communal discourses into a multicultural and intercultural environment is embedded in the otherness that is produced as a reading against being positioned in a host nation’s paradigms. The fact is that host nations often try to impose new meanings and paradigms onto the foreign body of displaced émigré writing and to forcefully position them in their imagined historic progression. This, in return, becomes a process of reaffirming than postmodern, ideas. In these circumstances the strategies of national re-canonization stipulate the process of active forgetting, not remembering. Following this stream of thought, in this essay I emphasize the post-Nietzschean, poststructuralist thesis which states that the “(…) creation of the new, like representation, inevitably involves an act of repression”.2 The second part of this article deals with the practical modes of this complex process in the comparative environment of two peninsulas: Balkan and Korean. Therefore I will also discuss and interpret individual examples from both geographically and discursively diverse locations. Here, the first part of the essay is presented, and the second part will be published in the next issue of this joural.

Isomer Differentiation Using in silico MS 2 Spectra. A Case Study for the CFM-ID Mass Spectrum Predictor

Boris L. Milman,Ekaterina V. Ostrovidova,Inna K. Zhurkovich 사단법인 한국질량분석학회 2019 Mass spectrometry letters Vol.10 No.3

Algorithms and software for predicting tandem mass spectra have been developed in recent years. In this work, we explore how distinct in silico MS 2 spectra are predicted for isomers, i.e. compounds having the same formula and similar molec-ular structures, to differentiate between them. We used the CFM-ID 2.0/3.0 predictor with regard to (a) test compounds, whose experimental mass spectra had been randomly sampled from the MassBank of North America (MoNA) collection, and to (b) the most widespread isomers of test compounds searched in the PubChem database. In the first validation test, in silico mass spectra constitute a reference library, and library searches are performed for test experimental spectra of “unknowns”. The searches led to the true positive rate (TPR) of (46-48 ± 10)%. In the second test, in silico and experimental spectra were interchanged and this resulted in a TPR of (58 ± 10)%. There were no significant differences between results obtained with different metrics of spectral similarity and predictor versions. In a comparison of test compounds vs. their isomers, a statistically significant correlation between mass spectral data and structural features was observed. The TPR values obtained should be regarded as reasonable results for predicting tandem mass spectra of related chemical structures.

The Use of Biomarkers to Trace Carbon Transformations and Input in Soils

Boris Jansen,Jens Altmann,Karsten Kalbitz 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Introduced Soils of Urban Areas and their Placement in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources

Boris Aparin,Elena Sukhacheva 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Classification of Maritime Burozems of the Souther Far East of Russia

Boris Pshenichnikov,Nina Pshenichnikova,Anna Pshenichnikova 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Chemical and Physical Conditions of Silt in Caves and Pits of Dinaric Karst in Croatia

Boris Vrbek 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

ENERGY COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND NORTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES: PREREQUISITES, DIRECTIONS AND PROBLEMS

Boris G. Saneev 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2003 Global economic review Vol.32 No.1

The paper deals with prerequisites, conditions, problems and directions of energy cooperation between Russia and Northeast Asian (NEA) countries. It describes a transition period of the Russian economy, shows the significance of the Eastern energy policy of Russia, and the role the fuel and energy potential of the Eastern regions of Russia can play in its implementation. Prediction of the economy and energy development in the eastern regions of Russia is given in terms of export of Russian energy resources to Japan, China, Korea and other NEA countries. A comprehensive strategy of energy cooperation for NEA countries is shown and elaborated.

SOME QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE STATUS OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN EAST EUROPE

Boris Krivokapic 한국유럽학회 1994 유럽연구 Vol.1 No.-

North Korea and the Use of Force in International Law

( Boris Kondoch ) 국방대학교 안보문제연구소 2013 The Korean Journal of Security Affairs Vol.18 No.2

Although states in Northeast Asia have experienced a long period of prosperity and peace, the Korean peninsula appeared to be on the brink of war in 2013. In addition to the 2013 crisis, there is growing concern about the human rights situation inside North Korea and the collapse of the North Korean state, which may also lead to outside military intervention. This article examines the various legal justifications that might be offered to justify military action against the Democratic People`s Republic of Korea. It claims that in absence of United Nations Security Council authorization, or an imminent armed attack triggering the right of self-defense, or an invitation of the North Korean government to intervene, any other category of force including the right to humanitarian intervention, the right to rescue of nationals abroad, and the right to pre-emptive self-defense will be viewed as illegal or at least controversial.

Cardioembolic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation-Rationale for Preventive Closure of the Left Atrial Appendage

Boris Leithäuser,Jai-Wun Park 대한심장학회 2009 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.39 No.11

Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmias, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to cardioembolic stroke. The left atrial appendage is the major site of thrombus formation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Loss of atrial systole in atrial fibrillation and increased relative risk of associated stroke point strongly toward a role for stasis of blood in left atrial thrombosis, although thrombus formation is multifactorial, and much more than blood flow irregularities are implicated. Oral anticoagulation with vitamin-K-antagonists is currently the most effective prophylaxis for stroke in atrial fibrillation. Unfortunately, this treatment is often contraindicated, particularly in the elderly, in whom risk of stroke is high. Moreover, given the risk of major bleeding, there is reason to be skeptical of the net benefit when warfarin is used in those patients. This work reviews the pathophysiology of cardioembolic stroke and critically spotlights the current status of preventive anticoagulation therapy. Various techniques to exclude the left atrial appendage from circulation were discussed as a considerable alternative for stroke prophylaxis. Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmias, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to cardioembolic stroke. The left atrial appendage is the major site of thrombus formation in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Loss of atrial systole in atrial fibrillation and increased relative risk of associated stroke point strongly toward a role for stasis of blood in left atrial thrombosis, although thrombus formation is multifactorial, and much more than blood flow irregularities are implicated. Oral anticoagulation with vitamin-K-antagonists is currently the most effective prophylaxis for stroke in atrial fibrillation. Unfortunately, this treatment is often contraindicated, particularly in the elderly, in whom risk of stroke is high. Moreover, given the risk of major bleeding, there is reason to be skeptical of the net benefit when warfarin is used in those patients. This work reviews the pathophysiology of cardioembolic stroke and critically spotlights the current status of preventive anticoagulation therapy. Various techniques to exclude the left atrial appendage from circulation were discussed as a considerable alternative for stroke prophylaxis.