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KIM, Bongtae,LEE, Kichan,HAN, Kiwon,KIM, Duyeol,HA, Yooncheol,KIM, Chung Hyun,OH, Yeonsu,KANG, Ikjae,LEE, Jeehoon,CHAE, Chanhee Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2010 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.72 No.9
<P>The aim of this study was to develop <I>in situ</I> hybridization for detection of <I>Mycoplasma hyorhinis</I> in formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax-embedded tissues from pigs with polyserositis. <I>M. hyorhinis</I> was isolated from the spleen (2 pigs) and pericardium (1 pig). <I>M. hyorhinis</I> DNA was detected 16 out of 20 pigs with polyserositis. <I>In situ</I> hybridization produced a distinct positive signal for the <I>M. hyorhinis</I> p37 gene in inflammatory cells in the polyserositis. <I>In situ</I> hybridization developed in the present study present diagnostic tools capable of detection of <I>M. hyorhinis</I> in formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax-embedded tissues from the naturally infected pigs.</P>
KIM, Bongtae,AHN, Kyoung Kyu,HA, Yooncheol,LEE, Yong Hoon,KIM, Duyeol,LIM, Jeong Han,KIM, Sung-Hoon,KIM, Mi-Young,CHO, Kyung-Dong,LEE, Bog-Hieu,CHAE, Chanhee Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2009 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.71 No.5
<P>The relationship between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level, body temperature, and pulmonary lesion score was determined in 3-week-old pigs inoculated intranasally with swine influenza virus (SIV) subtype H1N2. The expression of TNF-α was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lung tissues by immunohistochemistry. In BAL fluid, TNF-α concentration was maximal at 1 days post-inoculation (dpi), declined markedly by 3 dpi (<I>P</I><0.05) and steady thereafter. Mean rectal temperatures were above 40°C for the infected groups at 1 dpi and declined markedly by 3 dpi. The body temperatures were correlated with the levels of TNF-α in BAL fluids from pigs experimentally infected with SIV (<I>r</I><SUB>s</SUB>=0.9754, <I>P</I><0.05). The pulmonary lesion scores were correlated with the means of positive cells by immunohistochemistry for TNF- α (<I>r</I><SUB>s</SUB>=0.9949, <I>P</I><0.001). The results suggest that the expression of TNF-α protein plays an important role in induction of pulmonary lesion and clinical sign such as fever in SIV infection.</P>
Error analysis of the phase-shifting technique when applied to shadow moiré
Han, Changwoon,Han, Bongtae The Optical Society 2006 Applied Optics Vol.45 No.6
<P>An exact solution for the intensity distribution of shadow moiré fringes produced by a broad spectrum light is presented. A mathematical study quantifies errors in fractional fringe orders determined by the phase-shifting technique, and its validity is corroborated experimentally. The errors vary cyclically as the distance between the reference grating and the specimen increases. The amplitude of the maximum error is approximately 0.017 fringe, which defines the theoretical limit of resolution enhancement offered by the phase-shifting technique.</P>
모아레 간섭계를 이용한 CBGA 패키지의 비선형 열변형 해석
주진원(Jinwon Joo),한봉태(Bongtae Han),조승민(Seungmin Cho) 대한기계학회 2002 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2002 No.8
Thermo-mechanical behavior of a ceramic ball grid array (CBGA) package assembly are characterized by high sensitive moire interferometry. Moire fringe patterns are recorded and analyzed at various temperatures. Thermal-history dependent analyses of global and local deformations are presented. A significant non-linear global behavior is documented due to stress relaxation at high temperature. Analysis of the solder interconnections reveals that inelastic deformation accumulates at eutectic solder fillets only at high temperatures.
Seo, Hyeon-Seok,Han, Bongtae,Kim, Youn-Jea American Scientific Publishers 2012 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.12 No.6
<P>A new type of electrokinetic micromixer with a ring-type channel is introduced for fast mixing. The proposed mixer takes two fluids from different inlets and combines them in a ring-type mixing chamber. The fluids enter two different inlets (inner radius: 25 microm and outer radius: 50 microm), respectively. The total channel length is 500 microm, and four microelectrodes are positioned on the outer wall of the mixing chamber. The electric potentials on the four microelectrodes are sinusoidal with time, having various maximum values of voltage, zeta potential and frequency. Also, in order to compare the mixing performance with different obstacle configurations, we performed a numerical analysis using a commercial code, COMSOL. The concentration of the dissolved substances in the working fluid and the flow and electric fields in the channel were investigated and the results were graphically depicted for various flow and electric conditions.</P>
Four Point Bending Test for Adhesion Testing of Packaging Strictures: A Review
Mahan, Kenny,Han, Bongtae The Korean Microelectronics and Packaging Society 2014 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.21 No.4
To establish the reliability of a packaging structures, adhesion testing of key interfaces is a critical task. Due to the material mismatch, the interface may be prone to delamination failure due to conditions during the manufacturing of the product or just from the day-to-day use. To assess the reliability of the interface adhesion strength testing can be performed during the design phase of the product. One test method of interest is the four-point bending (4PB) adhesion strength test method. This test method has been implemented in a variety of situations to evaluate the adhesion strength of interfaces in bimaterial structures to the interfaces within thin film multilayer stacks. This article presents a review of the 4PB adhesion strength testing method and key implementations of the technique in regards to semiconductor packaging.
Hyunseok Oh,Hsiu-Ping Wei,Bongtae Han,Youn, Byeng D. IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and ma Vol.6 No.2
<P>We propose a novel methodology for calibrating the physics-based lifetime models of the electronic packages using the eigenvector dimension-reduction (EDR) method and a censored data analysis. The methodology enables to overcome two challenges that are encountered in typical electronic packaging applications: 1) the minimum computational cost without sacrificing the prediction accuracy and 2) the proper handling of the censored data. The EDR method is first employed for uncertainty propagation for the computational efficiency when multiple unknown variables are to be used in nonlinear damage models. Next, the likelihood function is modified to handle the failure data as well as the censored data in the likelihood analysis, and thus establishes the correlation between the model response and the experimental result. Finally, through an unconstrained optimization process, a calibrated parameter set of statistical distributions for unknown input variables is obtained while maximizing the modified likelihood. The proposed statistical calibration approach is implemented for solder joint fatigue reliability. The results confirm the claimed computational effectiveness for an accurate physics-based lifetime model.</P>
통계적 모델 보정을 이용한 솔더 조인트 수명 예측 향상
오현석(Hyunseok Oh),시핑 웨이(Hsiu-Ping Wei),한봉태(Bongtae Han),정병창(Byung C. Jung),한창운(Changwoon Han),윤병동(Byeng D. Youn) 대한기계학회 2014 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2014 No.11
We propose a novel approach to examine uncertain sources that cause variations in solder joint lifetimes and to predict statistical distributions of solder joint lifetimes under actual operating conditions. The uncertainty in input variables of a life prediction model is propagated to the output. The variations in the output are statistically compared to experimentally-measured lifetimes with censoring data. A set of input variables that minimize the discrepancy between predicted and experimental results is obtained through the optimization technique. The proposed approach is implemented for chip resistor assemblies, and the fatigue life of solder joints under the actual operating conditions is predicted after calibration.
동결 농축 두누리 와인의 품질 특성과 휘발성 향기 성분
박혜진,최원일,한봉태,노재관,박정미,Park, Hyejin,Choi, Wonil,Han, Bongtae,Noh, Jaegwan,Park, Jung-Mi 한국식품영양학회 2019 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.32 No.5
The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics and volatile flavor components of Doonuri wine, using freeze concentration. The freeze concentration can increase the sugar concentration in grape juice by reducing its water content. In this study, after eight days od fermentation, the alcohol content of freeze-concentrated Doonuri wines was 12.5~14.1%. The pH of the wine was 3.42~3.50 and the total acid content was 0.68~0.94 g/100 mL, respectively. The brghtness of freeze-concentrated Doonuri wines was 19.28~54.42, the redness was 41.98~49.58, and the yellowness was 36.16~42.36. The organic acid analysis of Doonuri wines was that most of the organic acids contain tartaric and malic acid. By using freeze concentration with grape juice, significant increase in the total polyphenol content of Doonuri wines was 122.40~137.26 mg/mL, the total anthocyanin content was 117.06~118.40 mg/L and the tannic acid content was 66.23~83.70 mg%. In GC/MS analysis, the volatile flavor component analysis of Doonuri wines identified six alcohols, five esters, two ketones, on acid, two alkanes, and four other compounds.