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Genome of Bifidobacteria and Carbohydrate Metabolism
Bondue, Pauline,Delcenserie, Veronique Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.1
In recent years, the knowledge about bifidobacteria has considerably evolved thanks to recent progress in molecular biology. The analysis of the whole genome sequences of 48 taxa of bifidobacteria offers new perspectives for their classification, especially to set up limit between two species. Indeed, several species are presenting a high homology and should be reclassified. On the other hand, some subspecies are presenting a low homology and should therefore be reclassified into different species. In addition, a better knowledge of the genome of bifidobacteria allows a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in complex carbohydrate metabolism. The genome of some species of bifidobacteria from human but also from animal origin demonstrates high presence in genes involved in the metabolism of complex oligosaccharides. Those species should be further tested to confirm their potential to metabolize complex oligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo.
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Genome of Bifidobacteria and Carbohydrate Metabolism
Pauline Bondue,Véronique Delcenserie 한국축산식품학회 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.1
In recent years, the knowledge about bifidobacteria has considerably evolved thanks to recent progress in molecular biol-ogy. The analysis of the whole genome sequences of 48 taxa of bifidobacteria offers new perspectives for their classifica-tion, especially to set up limit between two species. Indeed, several species are presenting a high homology and should bereclassified. On the other hand, some subspecies are presenting a low homology and should therefore be reclassified intodifferent species. In addition, a better knowledge of the genome of bifidobacteria allows a better understanding of the mech-anisms involved in complex carbohydrate metabolism. The genome of some species of bifidobacteria from human but alsofrom animal origin demonstrates high presence in genes involved in the metabolism of complex oligosaccharides. Thosespecies should be further tested to confirm their potential to metabolize complex oligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo.
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Evaluating Bone Loss with Bone Turnover Markers Following Acute Spinal Cord Injury
Prince Thakkar,Naveen B. Prakash,George Tharion,Sahana Shetty,Thomas V. Paul,Joseph Bondu,Bijesh Yadav 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.1
Study Design: Prospective observational study. Purpose: To evaluate bone turnover markers (BTMs) in individuals with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and to compare the results with those of healthy controls and postmenopausal females. Overview of Literature: SCI significantly impacts bone health. Change in bone mineral density appears 6 months after SCI and rapid bone loss during the acute phase is often underestimated, resulting in osteoporosis and a high risk of sublesional fractures. However, few studies have evaluated BTMs in the Indian SCI population. Despite a high risk of fracture, there are no guidelines for the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of SCI-induced osteoporosis. Methods: Twenty patients within 1 month of traumatic SCI who had been admitted to a tertiary care rehabilitation center were included in this study. Serum BTMs, C telopeptide (CTX) as a bone resorption marker, and osteocalcin as a bone formation marker, were serially measured at baseline, and 3 and 6 months after SCI. BTMs of SCI patients were compared with those of a control group of age-matched healthy males, premenopausal females, and a vulnerable group of postmenopausal females. Results: BTMs were significantly elevated in patients with SCI, with maximum levels observed at the 3rd month of injury. At baseline, the bone resorption marker CTX was approximately 3 times higher in SCI patients than in the control male population and premenopausal females, and about double that of postmenopausal females. The rise in the bone formation marker was marginal in comparison to that of the bone resorption marker. BTMs were persistently elevated and did not reach the normative range until the 6th month of SCI. Conclusions: Raised bone resorption markers in comparison to bone formation markers indicate hyper-resorption-related bone loss following acute SCI. Markedly elevated bone resorption markers in the SCI population, compared with those in control and vulnerable groups, emphasize the need for early bone health monitoring and management.
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