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The use of the Montgomery T-tube in postprocedural subglottic stenosis repair
Bo Reum Choi,Jun Young Chung,Jae Woo Yi,Bong Jae Lee,Dong Ok Kim,Jong Man Kang 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.56 No.4
The Montgomery T-tube is a device that supports the trachea and facilitates ventilation after laryngotracheal surgery. Because its use is sporadic, many anesthesiologists may not be familiar with this device, and its anesthetic management requires careful planning and discussion with surgeons. We describe the techniques of anesthetic management of exchanging endotracheal tube to Montgomery T-tube in case where upper tracheal stenosis exists. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;56:446~8)
Bo Reum Lee,Sungkyun Choi,Woo Seok Cheon,Jin Wook Yang,Mi Gyoung Lee,So Hyeon Park,Ho Won Jang 대한금속·재료학회 2022 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.18 No.4
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is one of the critical energy conversion techniques to prepare for future energydemands. Among the various trials to construct effective water splitting semiconductor photoelectrodes, In2O3/In2S3 heterostructurescan be promising candidates for their advantageous properties in solar water oxidation. Herein, we synthesizedIn2O3nanorods on FTO substrate through a direct glancing angle deposition method. Subsequently, the In2S3layer wasconformally coated on In2O3nanorods through facile chemical bath deposition. As synthesized photoanodes of In2O3/In2S3form type II junction, leading to considerable cathodic onset potential shift with the increased photocurrent density comparedto pristine samples. To further enhance PEC properties, the interficial engineering strategies of the Co ion doping and thedeposition of ultra-thin Al2O3film were carried out. Co ion could facilitate the charge transfer in photoanodes through theincreased surface area, and the 2 nm Al2O3layer coated above the photoanode effectively worked as the passivation layer tostabilize the photoanodes in alkaline electrolytes environments. This work would contribute to developing efficient photoanodesthrough various nanoscale engineering strategies.
β-In2S3 as water splitting photoanodes: promise and challenges
Bo Reum Lee,Ho Won Jang 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.2
As the interest in sustainable energy production increases, water splitting through semiconductor materials to convert solarenergy directly to hydrogen energy has been extensively reported to date. Recently, the III–VI group chalcogenide semiconductorshave received great attention for narrow-gap photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting electrodes. Among themetal sulfides, beta indium sulfide (β-In2S3) shows remarkable properties for photoelectrodes such as high photoelectricsensitivity, high photoconductivity, large photoelectric conversion yield, low toxicity, high absorption coefficient, efficientcharge separation, moderate charge transport, appropriate band position, and narrow band gap. Most of its unique propertiescome from the defective spinel crystal structure. Despite the superior advantages, there is a serious problem of photocorrosioninduced by accumulated holes on the surface of the electrodes during the photocatalytic reaction under illumination whichreduces the PEC properties. Herein, we review overall physicochemical and optoelectronic properties of β-In2S3, regardlessof pros and cons, followed by the discussion of assorted strategies to further improve the PEC activities.
Child-friendly Spaces in Disaster Shelters for Child Disaster Victims
Bo Reum Kim,Seol Mi Oh,Deok Hui Choe 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.2
본 연구는 재난상황에서 신체적, 심리사회적, 발달적 특성으로 인해 스스로를 보호하기 힘들고 회복력이 부족하여 재난취약계층에 속하는 재난피해아동에게 아동맞춤형 서비스를 제공하는 아동친화 공간의 개념과 역할을 소개하고 도입사례를 살펴보았다. 진도 7.0 이상의 대형지진이 발생한 네팔, 일본, 중국 사례에서는 국제 NGO와 정부가 협력하여 재난대피소 내 아동친화공간에서 전문가를 통한 신체·심리사회·발달영역의 통합서비스를 제공하였다. 아동친화공간은 아동 맞춤형 식료품과 구호물품, 의료·위생서비스를 지원함과 동시에 아동이 안전한 공간에서 보호받으면서 심리치료와 상담, 놀이와 교육을 통해 재난으로 인한 피해를 최소화하고 조기에 회복할 수 있도록 하였다. 반면 아동친화공간을 도입하지 않은 한국의 포항지진 사례에서는 재난대피소에서 아동을 위한 물품과 공간, 서비스의 부족이 문제점으로 나타났다. 따라서 아동의 특성을 고려한 재난대피소 세부규정을 수립하고 대피소에 아동돌봄공간을 마련할 것을 제언하였다. 또한 아동심리지원의 문제점을 보완하는 매뉴얼 마련과 재난의 특수상황을 이해하고 대응할 수 있는 아동보호전문인력의 양성과 배치가 필요하다. This study introduced the concept, role, and cases of child-friendly spaces providing customized services to child disaster victims who have difficulty in protecting themselves and insufficient resilience due to their physical, psychological, and developmental characteristics. In Nepal, Japan and China experiencing earthquakes with a magnitude of 7.0 or higher, international NGOs and the government worked together to provide integrated services with experts in child-friendly spaces in disaster shelters. Child-friendly spaces were designed to help children minimize damage from disasters and recover early through psychological treatment, counseling, play and education as well as child-tailored services such as food, relief goods, medical and sanitation services. The 2017 Pohang earthquake in South Korea without child-friendly spaces lacked goods, spaces and services specifically for children in disaster shelters. This study suggested that the detailed regulations for disaster shelters should be established considering the characteristics of children and the child care areas should be provided in shelters. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a manual to resolve problems with child psychological support and to train professional experts who can protect and educate children in disaster situations.