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Hyun Lee, Choong,Yan, Bingchun,Yoo, Ki‐,Yeon,Choi, Jung Hoon,Kwon, Seung‐,Hae,Her, Song,Sohn, Youdong,Hwang, In Koo,Cho, Jun Hwi,Kim, Young‐,Myeong,Won, Moo‐,Ho Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Journal of neuroscience research Vol.89 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) protects against neuronal damages in the brain. In the present study, ischemia‐induced changes in GLP‐1R immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region were evaluated after transient cerebral ischemia; in addition, the neuroprotective effect of the GLP‐1R agonist exendin‐4 (EX‐4) against ischemic damage was studied. GLP‐1R immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the ischemic CA1 region were highest at 1 day after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). At 4 days after I/R, GLP‐1R immunoreactivity was hardly detected in CA1 pyramidal neurons, and its protein level was lowest. GLP‐1R protein level was increased again at 10 days after I/R, and GLP‐1R immunoreactivity was found in astrocytes and GABAergic interneurons. In addition, EX‐4 treatment attenuated ischemia‐induced hyperactivity, neuronal damage, and microglial activation in the ischemic CA1 region in a dose‐dependent manner. EX‐4 treatment also induced the elevation of GLP‐1R immunoreactivity and protein levels in the ischemic CA1 region. These results indicate that GLP‐1R is altered in the ischemic region after an ischemic insult and that EX‐4 protects against ischemia‐induced neuronal death possibly by increasing GLP‐1R expression and attenuating microglial activation against transient cerebral ischemic damage. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>
Hua Li,Joon Ha Park,Bingchun Yan,Ki-Yeon Yoo,Choong Hyun Lee,Jung Hoon Choi,In Koo Hwang,Moo-Ho Won 한국실험동물학회 2011 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.27 No.1
The extract of Alpinia katsumadai, a member of the family Zingiberaceae, shows anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant activity. We observed the neuroprotective effects of the extract from Alpinia katsumadai seed (EAKS) against ischemic damage in gerbils administered oral EAKS (25, and 50 ㎎/㎏) once a day for 7 days before transient cerebral ischemia. In the 50 ㎎/㎏ EAKS-treated ischemia group, about 67% of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) survived after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) based on cresyl violet staining. We observed that EAKS treatment significantly maintained brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity in the ischemic CA1 region after I/R. In addition, protein levels of BDNF in the 50 ㎎/㎏ EAKS-treated ischemia group were much higher than those in the vehicle-treated ischemia group after I/R. These findings indicate that repeated supplementation of EAKS protects neurons from ischemic damage, such that BDNF is distinctively maintained in ischemic areas.
Lee, Hui Young,Park, Joon Ha,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yan, Bingchun,Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Lee, Young Joo,Park, Chan Woo,Cho, Jun Hwi,Choi, Soo Young,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.4
<P>Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been used as a reagent for a model of systemic inflammatory response. Ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3) is a multi-functional protein that is involved in transcription, metastasis, DNA repair, and apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the changes of rpS3 immunoreactivity in the mouse hippocampus after systemic administration of 1 mg/kg of LPS. From 6 h after LPS treatment, rpS3 immunoreactivity was decreased in pyramidale cells of the hippocampus proper (CA1-CA3 regions) and in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. At this point in time, rpS3 immunoreactivity began to increase in non-pyramidal cells and non-granule cells. From 1 day after LPS treatment, rpS3 immunoreactivity in pyramidal and granule cells was hardly detected; however, strong rpS3 immunoreactivity was shown in non-pyramidal and non-granule cells. Based on double immunofluorescence staining for rpS3/ionized calcium-binding adapter 1 (Iba-1, a marker for microglia) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, a marker for astrocytes), strong rpS3 immunoreactivity was expressed in Iba-1-immunoreactive microglia, not in GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes, at 1 and 2 days after LPS treatment. These results indicate that rpS3 immunoreactivity changes only in pyramidal and granule cells, and rpS3 is expressed only in activated microglia after LPS treatment: this may be associated with the neuroinflammatory responses in the brain.</P>
Sung Min Nam,Sun Shin Yi,Ki-Yeon Yoo,Ok Kyu Park,Bingchun Yan,Wook Song,Moo-Ho Won,Yeo Sung Yoon,Je Kyung Seong 한국실험동물학회 2011 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.27 No.3
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is believed to be a multifunctional neural modulator that affects synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated the differential effects of treadmill exercise on COX-2 immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus in early and chronic diabetic stages in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean control (ZLC) rats. To this end, ZLC and ZDF rats at 6 or 23 weeks of age were put on a treadmill with or without running for 1 h/day for 5 consecutive days at 16-22 m/min for 5 weeks or 12-16 m/min for 7 weeks, respectively. Treadmill exercise in prediabetic and chronic diabetic rats significantly reduced blood glucose levels. In particular, exercise in the prediabetic rat blocked the onset of diabetes. COX-2 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus and stratum pyramidale of the CA3 region in all groups. COX-2 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in these regions of ZLC and ZDF rats after treadmill exercise in the early diabetic stage. However, COX-2 immunoreactivity was not changed in these regions in ZDF rats after treadmill exercise in the chronic stage. These results suggest that treadmill exercise in diabetic animals in the chronic stage has limited ability to cause plasticity in the dentate gyrus.
LEE, Choong Hyun,CHOI, Jung Hoon,HWANG, In Koo,YOO, Ki-Yeon,LI, Hua,PARK, Ok Kyu,YAN, Bingchun,SHIN, Hyung-Cheul,WON, Moo-Ho Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2009 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.71 No.10
<P>Capsaicin has effects on the adiposity by increasing energy and lipid metabolism, and decreases appetite and fat intake. In the present study, we investigated changes in food intake and body weight after capsaicin treatment. We also observed changes in orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides-agouti-related peptide (AgRP), α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and orexin-immunoreactivities in the rat hypothalamus after capsaicin administration. Only one day after capsaicin treatment, the mean food intake was significantly decreased. There was no significant difference in the mean body weight between vehicle- and capsaicin-treated groups. In addition, after capsaicin treatment, numbers of AgRP- and orexin-immunoreactive (<SUP>+</SUP>) cells were significantly decreased in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and lateral hypothalamic area, respectively. In contrast, the number of α-MSH<SUP>+</SUP> and ACTH<SUP>+</SUP> cells in the ARC of the capsaicin-treated rats was higher than in the vehicle-treated rats. These results indicate that capsaicin reduces food intake, not body weight, transiently, and decreases AgRP and orexin immunoreactivities, whereas it increases α-MSH and ACTH immunoreactivities in rat hypothalamic nuclei.</P>
Hwang, In Koo,Yi, Sun Shin,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Park, Ok Kyu,Yan, Bingchun,Song, Wook,Won, Moo-Ho,Yoon, Yeo Sung,Seong, Je Kyung Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2011 Neurochem Res Vol.36 No.8
<P>In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise in early and chronic diabetic stages on parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactivity in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) and its lean control rats (ZLC). To investigate the effects, ZLC and ZDF rats at 6 or 23?weeks of age were put on a treadmill with or without running for 1?h/day/5 consecutive days at 16-22?m/min for 5?weeks or 12-16?m/min for 7?weeks, respectively. Physical exercise in pre-diabetic rats prevented onset of diabetes, while exercise in rats at chronic diabetic stage significantly reduced blood glucose levels. In addition, physical exercise in the pre-diabetic rats significantly increased PV immunoreactive fibers in the strata oriens and radiatum of the CA1-3 region and in the polymorphic and molecular layers of the dentate gyrus compared to that in sedentary controls. However, in rats at chronic stages, PV immunoreactivity was slightly increased in the CA1-3 region as well as in the dentate gyrus compared to that in the sedentary controls. These results suggest that physical exercise has differential effects on blood glucose levels and PV immunoreactivity according to diabetic stages. Early exercise improves diabetic phenotype and PV immunoreactive fibers in the rat hippocampus.</P>