Involvement of Amino Acids Flanking Glu^7.32 of the Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Receptor in the Selectivity of Antagonists

Wang, Cheng bing,Oh, Da young,Maiti, Kaushik,Kwon, Hyuk bang,Cheon, Jun,Hwang, Jong iIk,Seong, Jae young Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2008 Molecules and cells Vol.25 No.1

The Glu/Asp^7.32 residue in extracellular loop 3 of the mammalian type-I gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) interacts with Arg⁸ of GnRH-I, conferring preferential ligand selectivity for GnRH-I over GnRH-II. Previously, we demonstrated that the residues (Ser and Pro) flanking Glu/Asp^7.32 also play a role in the differential agonist selectivity of mammalian and non-mammalian GnRHRs. In this study, we examined the differential antagonist selectivity of wild type and mutant GnRHRs in which the Ser and Pro residues were changed. Cetrorelix, a GnRH-I antagonist, and Trptorelix-2, a GnRH-II antagonist, exhibited high selectivity for mammalian type-I and non-mammalian GnRHRs, respectively. The inhibitory activities of the antagonists were dependent on agonist concentration and subtype. Rat GnRHR in which the Ser-Glu-Pro (SEP) motif was changed to Pro-Glu-Val (PEV) or Pro-Glu-Ser (PES) had increased sensitivity to Trptorelix-2 but decreased sensitivity to Cetrorelix. Mutant bullfrog GnRHR-1 with the SEP motif had the reverse antagonist selectivity, with reduced sensitivity to Trptorelix-2 but increased sensitivity to Cetrorelix. These findings indicate that the residues flanking Glu^7.32 are important for antagonist as well as agonist selectivity.

明代小说《西洋记》词语拾零

程志兵(Cheng Zhi-Bing) 대구대학교 인문과학연구소 2010 人文科學硏究 Vol.34 No.-

Some special words found in Sanbao Taijian XiYangJi Tongsu Yanyi can not only cover the shortage of many dictionaries nowadays, such as "撮??""骨弄" etc, but also give more meanings to those words covered in dictionaries, such as "不足""?民" etc. Furthermore, these special words can help us correct some wrong definition, such as "中生". In a conclusion, interpreting the special words in Sanbao Taijian XiYangJi Tongsu Yanyi in this paper will replenish Chinese lexical history.

Passive Sliding Mode Control Strategy for Y-type Modular Multilevel Converter Topology in the Unbalanced Power Grid

Yue Bing-yan,Cheng Qi-ming,Cheng Yin-man,Lai Yu-sheng 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.4

To ensure the robustness of the fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS), the ability of Y-type modular multilevel converters (Y-MMC) to operate under unbalanced operating conditions is essential. The Y-MMC controlled by traditional linear strategy has low robustness, high harmonics, low accuracy, and other disadvantages. In order to solve those problems, a passive sliding mode control strategy is proposed for Y-MMC in this paper. First, design a passivity-based controller based on the Euler–Lagrange (EL) model of Y-MMC, prove its stability using Lyapunov's theorem, combine the passivity-based controller with the sliding mode controller to derive a mathematical expression for the passive sliding mode control so that can enhance the robustness. Then, the modules of control target design, reactive power distribution, and modulation degree allocation are described. Finally, extensive MATLAB/Simulink platform simulation and RT-LAB platform experiments were conducted in different scenarios to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. This strategy improves the power quality indices under non-ideal conditions. It has better advantages than the traditional PI controller and passivity-based control in the accuracy and robustness of power transmission.

Shorter Distance Between the Nodule and Capsule has Greater Risk of Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Wang, Qiu-Cheng,Cheng, Wen,Wen, Xin,Li, Jie-Bing,Jing, Hui,Nie, Chun-Lei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between different sonographic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) on high-frequency ultrasound and cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 548 patients who underwent initial surgery for PTC between May 2011 and December 2012 in our hospital at diagnosis. The sonographic features of 513 PTC nodules in 513 eligible patients, who had single PTC nodules in their thyroid glands, were retrospectively investigated. All patients with a suspect malignant nodule (d<0.5cm) among multiple nodules were initially diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) to ascertain if the suspect nodule was PTC. The final diagnosis of all the thyroid nodules and existence of CLNM were based on postoperative pathology. Patients were divided into two groups: a positive group with CLNM (224 nodules) and a negative group without CLNM (289 nodules). The following factors were investigated: gender, age, echogenicity, echotexture, size, shape, location, margin, contour, calcification morphology, distance between the nodule and pre- or post-border of the thyroid capsule, vascularity and the differences between the two groups. Results: Correlation analysis showed that shorter distances between the nodule and pre- or postborder of thyroid capsule resulted in greater risk of CLNM (Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.22, p<0.0001). The significant factors in multivariate analysis were age<45yrs, larger size (d>1cm), "wider than tall" shape, extrathyroid extension and mixed flow (internal and peripheral) (p<0.05, OR=0.406, 2.093, 0.461, 1.610, 1.322). Conclusions: Significant sonographic features of PTC nodules in preoperative high-frequency ultrasound are crucial for predicting CLNM.

Investigation of the electrical properties of metal–oxide–metal structures formed from RF magnetron sputtering deposited MgTiO3 films

Cheng-Liang Huang,Sih-Yin Wang,Yuan-Bin Chen,Bing-Jing Li,Ying-Hong Lin 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.3

Thin films of MgTiO3 high-k dielectric have been prepared by RF magnetron sputtering deposition at various substrate temperatures. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the deposited films. Experimental results show that substrate temperature has little effect on the stoichinometry. The electrical properties of MgTiO3 metaleinsulatoremetal (MIM) capacitors were investigated at various deposition temperatures, Pt/MgTiO3/Pt/SiO2/n-Si, were studied. It is shown that the MgTiO3 (210 nm) MIM capacitor fabricated at 200 ℃ shows an overall high performance, such as a high capacitance density of w1.2 nF/um2, a low leakage current of 1.51 × 10-9 A/cm2 at 5 V, low-voltage coefficients of capacitance, and good frequency dispersion properties. All of these indicate that the MgTiO3 MIM capacitors are very suitable for use in Si analog circuit application or dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell. Thin films of MgTiO3 high-k dielectric have been prepared by RF magnetron sputtering deposition at various substrate temperatures. X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the deposited films. Experimental results show that substrate temperature has little effect on the stoichinometry. The electrical properties of MgTiO3 metaleinsulatoremetal (MIM) capacitors were investigated at various deposition temperatures, Pt/MgTiO3/Pt/SiO2/n-Si, were studied. It is shown that the MgTiO3 (210 nm) MIM capacitor fabricated at 200 ℃ shows an overall high performance, such as a high capacitance density of w1.2 nF/um2, a low leakage current of 1.51 × 10-9 A/cm2 at 5 V, low-voltage coefficients of capacitance, and good frequency dispersion properties. All of these indicate that the MgTiO3 MIM capacitors are very suitable for use in Si analog circuit application or dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell.

Propofol attenuates hydrogenperoxide- induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via multiple signaling pathways

Cheng Lan Xie,Yin Bing Pan,Liu Qing Hu,Yan Ning Qian 대한마취통증의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.68 No.5

Background: Propofol has been reported to protect vascular endothelial cells against oxidative stress. In this study we investigated its effect on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and examined the possible signaling pathways. Methods: HUVECs were pretreated with propofol (1, 5, 25, and 50 μM) for 30 min and then co-incubated with 0.4 mM H2O2 for 4 h. Cell viability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry with annexin V/propidium iodide staining, and evaluated by quantifying caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 expression levels. The expression levels of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphorylated (p)-p38 MAPK, cJun-N-terminal kinases (JNK), phosphorylated (p)-JNK, Akt and phosphorylated Akt [(p)-Akt] (Ser473) were measured by western blotting. Results: H2O2 treatment induced the activation of caspase-3, downregulated Bcl-2 expression, and up-regulated Bax expression, all of which were dose-dependently attenuated by propofol pretreatment. Furthermore, propofol significantly ameliorated H2O2-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK, and Akt in HUVECs. Conclusions: Propofol can protect HUVECs against H2O2-induced apoptosis via a mechanism that may involve p38 MAPK, JNK, and Akt signaling pathways.

Microwave dielectric properties of (1 - x)(Mg0.95Co0.05)TiO3–x(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3 ceramic system

Cheng-Liang Huang,Jhih-Yong Chen,Yen-Hsing Wang,Bing-Jing Li 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.6

The microstructures and the microwave dielectric properties of the (1 - x)(Mg0.95Co0.05)TiO3– x(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3 ceramic system were investigated. Two-phase system was confirmed by the XRD patterns and the EDX analysis. A co-existed second phase (Mg0.95Co0.05)Ti2O5 was also detected. The microwave dielectric properties are strongly related to the density and the matrix of the specimen. A new microwave dielectric material 0.88(Mg0.95Co0.05)TiO3–0.12(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3, possessing an excellent combination of dielectric properties: εr ~22.36, Q × f ~ 110,000 GHz (at 9 GHz), τf ~ 2.9 ppm/℃), is proposed as a candidate dielectric for GPS patch antennas. The microstructures and the microwave dielectric properties of the (1 - x)(Mg0.95Co0.05)TiO3– x(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3 ceramic system were investigated. Two-phase system was confirmed by the XRD patterns and the EDX analysis. A co-existed second phase (Mg0.95Co0.05)Ti2O5 was also detected. The microwave dielectric properties are strongly related to the density and the matrix of the specimen. A new microwave dielectric material 0.88(Mg0.95Co0.05)TiO3–0.12(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3, possessing an excellent combination of dielectric properties: εr ~22.36, Q × f ~ 110,000 GHz (at 9 GHz), τf ~ 2.9 ppm/℃), is proposed as a candidate dielectric for GPS patch antennas.

Influential Factors on Habitual Exercise for Female College Students in Beijing

( Bing Zhan ),( Kaizhen Wang ),( Hao Cheng ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: Habit development is important for obtaining maximum benefits from any health-related behavior. With the popularity of the concept of "lifelong sports" and the development of "Regulations on National Fitness"(2014 modified version), to cultivate good habits of taking part into sports has been increasingly regarded as a prominent task in school of all levels. This paper aims to reveal the status quo of exercise habit for female college students in Beijing Municipal universities and illustrates the influential factors in development of their exercise habits, in turn contributing the key to fulfillment of the task of PE in higher education. Method: By the questionnaire survey, literature review and mathematical statistics, the paper conducts a survey in 520 female students from three public Municipal universities in Beijing and designed an in-person interview with 6 students, systematically analyzing their physical exercise and habits and influential factors in their exercises. Results: the study demonstrate that the influential factors for female college students in Beijing Municipal are needs to do exercise; motivation; interests; attitude and cognition; and self-efficiency. The influential factors are mainly as followed: the equipment and facilities; the campus atmosphere of exercise; the parental influence; mass media. Conclusion: Faced with the results and findings, how to cultivate exercise habit for female students during college period is raised urgently no matter in vehicle the PE at colleges and sports for all, life-long sports or the college PE reforms in China. In the end of the paper, the author puts forwards specific suggestions.

Characterization of the composition and gene expression involved the shikimate pathway in the exocarp of ‘Dangshansuli’ pear and its russet mutant

Bing Jia,Zhaoyang Cheng,Qi Wang,Shujun Zhang,Wei Heng,Liwu Zhu 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.1

‘Dangshansuli’ pear is a yellow–green fruit when mature, whereas that of the mutant ‘Xiusu’ is russeted. In this study, thecontents of glucose, fructose and sucrose in the exocarp of ‘Xiusu’ were found to be lower than those in ‘Dangshansuli’ at75–100 days after full bloom (DAFB) but were higher at 150 DAFB. Additionally, the contents of six polysaccharides inthe exocarp of ‘Xiusu’ were higher than those in ‘Dangshansuli’ at 75 DAFB, the stage at which ‘Xiusu’ becomes russetin color, as well as at 150 DAFB; however, this was not observed for xylose. The contents of type I and II amino acids inthe exocarp of ‘Xiusu’ were higher than those in ‘Dangshansuli’ at diff erent stages, except for at 150 DAFB. The entiresequences of eight genes involved in the shikimate pathway and cell wall structure were cloned, and expression of thesegenes in the exocarp of ‘Dangshansuli’ and ‘Xiusu’ were signifi cantly diff erent during fruit development, indicating thatthese genes might be involved in the russeting process. It is speculated that the shikimate pathway connects primary andsecondary metabolism and that high contents of sugars as carbon sources provide precursors for suberin, lignin and lignanto generate russet skin in pear.

Two Mononuclear d10 Metal Coordination Compounds with m-phenol-1,2,4-triazole:Crystal Structures and Properties of Fluorescence and Diffuse Reflectance Spectrum

Bing Liu*,Bin Li,Xiu-Cheng Zhang 대한화학회 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.10