The effect of increasing the contact surface on tendon healing

Bilgen, Fatma,Duman, Yakup,Bulut, Omer,Bekerecioglu, Mehmet Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.4

Background The most common complication after tendon repair is the development of adhesion, with subsequent rupture. Methods In this study, we present a new method in which the tendon healing contact surface is increased to reduce these complications. The tendons of chickens in groups 1, 3, and 5 were transversely cut and repaired with in the traditional fashion with double-modified Kessler method and 5/0 polypropylene. In the other groups, 3 mm of the tendon was removed from the proximal half of the upper end and from the distal half of the lower end of the tendon, and they were repaired with the modified Kessler method. The tendons of the chickens in groups 1 and 2 were evaluated immediatelly after surgery. Groups 3 and 4 were evaluated at 4 weeks after surgery. Groups 5 and 6 were evaluated at 6 weeks. Results Increases in transient inflammation and connective tissue formation were observed more clearly in the group treated with the new method in histopathological investigations at weeks 4 and 6. The stretching test showed statistically significant differences between groups 3 and 4 (P<0.05) and groups 5 and 6 (P<0.05). Conclusions When repairing tendons with the new method, the healing surface increases and the direction of collagen fibers at the surface changes. Because of these effects, the strength of the tendon healing line increases; we therefore expect that this technique will enable patients to safely engage in early active exercise after the operation, with less risk of tendon rupture.

Proper Nouns as Cultural Values in Turkish Proverbs and Idioms

Bilgen Erişkin 고려대학교 응용문화연구소 2023 에피스테메 Vol.- No.29

Language and language-specific structures, words, and idioms used by a society are an integral part of its culture. They reflect the cultural values of the society, and play an essential role in the transfer of these values to future generations. Quotations, idioms, and proverbs in a language are particularly decisive in this regard, and are the subject of many studies, both linguistic and cultural. Proverbs and idioms, in particular, are of great interest to scholars studying culture and language. In this study, we focused on the role of proper names in proverbs and idioms, and their importance in cultural transmission. We examined the meanings and significance of these special names in various proverbs and idioms, and attempted to determine their underlying meanings. Through a scanning method, we identified the names of people and places used in proverbs and idioms, and analyzed the proverbs and idioms in which they appeared. We also provided the meanings of these names in the sources, and discussed their significance in the context of the proverb or idiom. Although the number of proverbs and idioms with proper names is quite high, it is been limited in this study to those in which the same proper name was repeated multiple times. By focusing on these, we were able to gain a deeper understanding of the signs and meanings of these proper names, and their role in cultural transmission. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the importance of proverbs, idioms, and proper names in cultural studies, and highlights the need for further research in this area.

The Mechanism of the Late Preconditioning Effect of 3-Nitropropionic Acid

Bilgen Basgut,Eda Aypar,Ertug Basgut,K. Okhan Akln,Nedret Klllc,And Iclal Caklcl 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.10

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of effect of 3-nitropropionic acid- (3-NP) induced late preconditioning in rat heart. For this purpose 20-30 min before 3-NP (20 mg/kg, i.p.) injection, the rats were treated intraperitoneally with 5-hydroxydecanoate (40 mg/kg, 5-HD, mitochondrial KATP-channel blocker), L-NAME (100 mg/kg, NOS inhibitor), N-2-mercaptopropionylglycine (100 mg/ kg , MPG, free radical scavenger), or superoxide dismutase+catalase (10000+10000 IU/kg , SOD+CAT). Control rats received saline only without 3-NP pretreatment. After two days, hearts were isolated and perfused at a constant pressure in a Langendorff apparatus. 15- min global ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion was applied to all hearts. Pretreatment of 3-NP significantly reduced infarct size, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) compared with the control group receiving saline only. 5-HD, L-NAME, MPG, or SOD+CAT treatment statistically reversed 3-NP-induced reduction in infarct size. Although CK-MB, LDH levels, and incidence of VT were also reduced by L-NAME, MPG, or SOD+CAT treatment, only 5-HD significantly inhibited beneficial effects of 3-NP on all of the parameters above. These results showed that mito-KATP channels play a pivotal role in late preconditioning effect of 3-NP in the isolated rat heart. However, other mediators such as reactive oxygen species and NO may be, at least in part, involved in mechanisms of this effect.

The Effect on Pain of Buzzy<SUP>®</SUP> and ShotBlocker<SUP>®</SUP> during the Administration of Intramuscular Injections to Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sivri Bilgen, Birsen,Balcı, Serap 한국간호과학회 2019 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.49 No.4

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Buzzy<SUP>®</SUP> and ShotBlocker<SUP>®</SUP> on reducing pain induced by intramuscular penicillin injections in children. Methods: This was a randomized controlled study. A total of 150 Turkish children aged 7~12 years who presented to our pediatric emergency clinic and met the inclusion criteria were recruited. The children were randomly assigned to each group (control=50, Buzzy<SUP>®</SUP>=50, ShotBlocker<SUP>®</SUP>=50). Data were collected using an information form, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Visual Analog Scale, and Faces Pain Scale-Revised. Results: The children in the control group had significantly higher pain scores during the penicillin injection than the children in the ShotBlocker<SUP>®</SUP> and Buzzy<SUP>®</SUP> groups. The children in the Buzzy<SUP>®</SUP> group had significantly less pain than the children in both the ShotBlocker<SUP>®</SUP> and control groups (p<.001). Conclusion: Buzzy<SUP>®</SUP> was more effective compared with ShotBlocker<SUP>®</SUP> in this study.

The Mechanism of the Late Preconditioning Effect of 3-Nitropropionic Acid

Basgut, Bilgen,Aypar, Eda,Basgut, Ertug,Akin, K. Okhan,Kilic, Nedret,Cakici, Idal 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.10

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of effect of 3-nitropropionic acid- (3-NP) induced late preconditioning in rat heart. For this purpose 20-30 min before 3-NP (20 mg/kg, i.p.) injection, the rats were treated intraperitoneally with 5-hydroxydecanoate (40 mg/kg, 5-HD, mitochondrial $K_{ATP}$-channel blocker), L-NAME (100 mg/kg, NOS inhibitor), N-2-mercaptopropionylglycine (100 mg/kg, MPG, free radical scavenger), or superoxide dismutase+catalase (10000+10000 IU/kg, SOD+CAT). Control rats received saline only without 3-NP pretreatment. After two days, hearts were isolated and perfused at a constant pressure in a Langendorff apparatus. 15-min global ischemia followed by 30-min reperfusion was applied to all hearts. Pretreatment of 3-NP significantly reduced infarct size, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and incidence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) compared with the control group receiving saline only. 5-HD, L-NAME, MPG, or SOD+CAT treatment statistically reversed 3-NP-induced reduction in infarct size. Although CK-MB, LDH levels, and incidence of VT were also reduced by L-NAME, MPG, or SOD+CAT treatment, only 5-HD significantly inhibited beneficial effects of 3-NP on all of the parameters above. These results showed that mito-$K_{ATP}$ channels play a pivotal role in late preconditioning effect of 3-NP in the isolated rat heart. However, other mediators such as reactive oxygen species and NO may be, at least in part, involved in mechanisms of this effect.

Harvesting energy from acoustic vibrations of conventional and ultrasonic whistles

Rebecca Hattery,Onur Bilgen 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.6

This paper experimentally investigates the feasibility of harvesting vibration energy from whistles using piezoelectric materials. The end goal of this research is to generate sufficient power from the whistle to power a small radio transmitter to relay a basic signal – for example, a distress call. First, the paper discusses the current literature in energy harvesting from acoustic resonance. Next, the concept of an active whistle is presented. Next, results from energy harvesting experiments conducted on conventional and ultrasonic whistles undergoing human-actuation and actuation by a pressure-regulated air supply are presented. The maximum power density of the conventional whistle actuated by a human at 100 dB sound pressure level is 98.1 uw/cm3.

Altered potassium ATP channel signaling in mesenteric arteries of old high salt-fed rats

Melissa A Whidden,Bilgen Basgut,Nataliya Kirichenko,Benedek Erdos,Nihal Tumer 한국운동영양학회 2016 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.20 No.2

Purpose: Both aging and the consumption of a high salt diet are associated with clear changes in the vascular system that can lead to the development of cardiovascular disease; however the mechanisms are not clearly understood. Therefore, we examined whether aging and the consumption of excess salt alters the function of potassium ATP-dependent channel signaling in mesenteric arteries. Methods: Young (7 months) and old (29 months) Fischer 344 x Brown Norway rats were fed a control or a high salt diet (8% NaCl) for 12 days and mesenteric arteries were utilized for vascular reactivity measurements. Results: Acetylcholine-induced endothelium relaxation was significantly reduced in old arteries (81 ± 4%) when compared with young arteries (92 ± 2%). Pretreatment with the potassium-ATP channel blocker glibenclamide reduced relaxation to acetylcholine in young arteries but did not alter dilation in old arteries. On a high salt diet, endothelium dilation to acetylcholine was significantly reduced in old salt arteries (60 ± 3%) when compared with old control arteries (81 ± 4%). Glibenclamide reduced acetylcholine-induced dilation in young salt arteries but had no effect on old salt arteries. Dilation to cromakalim, a potassium-ATP channel opener, was reduced in old salt arteries when compared with old control arteries. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that aging impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation in mesenteric arteries. Furthermore, a high salt diet alters the function of potassium-ATP-dependent channel signaling in old isolated mesenteric arteries and affects the mediation of relaxation stimuli.

Effects of a fentanyl-propofol mixture on propofol injection pain: a randomized clinical trial

Nurcan Kizilcik,Ferdi Menda,Sevgi Bilgen,Ozgül Keskin,Ozge Koner 대한마취통증의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.68 No.6

Background: Propofol injection pain is a common problem that can be very distressing for patients. We compared the effects of injection with saline followed by injection with a fentanyl-propofol mixture, injection with fentanyl followed by a propofol injection, and injection with saline followed by propofol alone on propofol injection pain. Methods: The patients were assigned randomly to one of three groups. A rubber tourniquet was placed on the forearm to produce venous occlusion for 1 min. Before anesthesia induction, group C (control, n = 50) and group M (fentanylpropofol mixture, n = 50) received 5 ml of isotonic saline, while group F (fentanyl, n = 50) received 2 μg/kg of fentanyl. After the tourniquet was released, groups C and F received 5 ml of propofol and group M received 5 ml of a mixture containing 20 ml of propofol and 4 ml of fentanyl. At 10 s after the study drugs were given, a standard question about the comfort of the injection was asked of the patient. We used a verbal rating scale to evaluate propofol injection pain. Statistical analyses were performed with Student’s t-tests and Fisher’s exact tests; P < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: The demographic data were similar among the groups. In group M, the number of patients reporting propofol injection pain was significantly lower than in groups F and C (both P < 0.001). No patient in group F or M experienced severe pain, whereas 24 patients (48%) had severe pain in group C (both P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that a fentanyl-propofol mixture was more effective than fentanyl pretreatment or a placebo in preventing propofol injection pain.

Transient Hair Loss after Finger Replantation

Mehmet Dadaci,Bilsev Ince,Fatma Bilgen,Zeynep Altuntas 대한성형외과학회 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.1

The effect of CYP1A2 gene polymorphisms on Theophylline metabolism and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Turkish patients

( Ahmet Uslu ),( Candan Ogus ),( Tulay Ozdemir ),( Turker Bilgen ),( Ozgur Tosun ),( Ibrahim Keser ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.8

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 gene polymorphisms are thought to be involved in the metabolism of theophylline (TP). We aimed to investigate the effect of CYP1A2*1C, CYP1A2*1D, CYP1A2*1E, and CYP1A2*1F polymorphisms of the CYP1A2 on TP metabolism by PCR-RFLP in 100 Turkish patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving TP. One hundred and one healthy volunteers were included as control group. The genotype frequencies of the CYP1A2*1D and CYP1A2*1F were found to be significantly different in the patients compared to the controls. The “T” allele at -2467 delT and the “C” allele at -163 C > A in the CYP1A2 displayed association with a significantly increased risk for COPD. “T” allele at -2467 delT was also associated with a high risk of disease severity in COPD. In conclusion, our data suggest that genetic alterations in CYP1A2 may play a role both in the pharmacogenetics of TP and in the development of COPD. [BMB reports 2010; 43(8): 530-534]