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Negative Exponential Disparity Based Robust Estimates of Ordered Means in Normal Models
Bhattacharya, Bhaskar,Sarkar, Sahadeb,Jeong, Dong-Bin The Korean Statistical Society 2000 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.7 No.2
Lindsay (1994) and Basu et al (1997) show that another density-based distance called the negative exponential disparity (NED) is an excellent competitor to the Hellinger distance (HD) in generating an asymptotically fully efficient and robust estimator. Bhattacharya and Basu (1996) consider estimation of the locations of several normal populations when an order relation between them is known to be true. They empirically show that the robust HD based weighted likelihood estimators compare favorably with the M-estimators based on Huber's $\psi$ function, the Gastworth estimator, and the trimmed mean estimator. In this paper we investigate the performance of the weighted likelihood estimator based on the NED as a robust alternative relative to that based on the HD. The NED based estimator is found to be quite competitive in the settings considered by Bhattacharya and Basu.
Mechanism of Lipid Induced Insulin Resistance: An Overview
Samir Bhattacharya,Rakesh Kundu,Suman Dasgupta,Sushmita Bhattacharya 대한내분비학회 2012 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.27 No.1
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly spreading throughout the world. It’s an insidious disease and still treated in an indirect manner without having specific drug target. In majority cases T2D is treated with drugs that address type 1 diabetes, majority of drugs aim to increase insulin release although the root cause for T2D is not the dearth of insulin release, it occurs in the later stage of disease development. T2D silently progressed in the patient; it begins with insulin resistance that takes place due to the loss of insulin sensitivity. Though insulin resistance is the centre of pathogenesis, our treatment of the disease has not yet addressed it. It is now a fact that insulin resistance is manifested by lipid and fatty acids (FAs) play a critical role in blunting insulin sensitivity. Our understanding is still poor in deciphering how lipid impose insulin insensitivity, majority of workers suggest it is because of insulin signaling defects which implements insulin function in inhibiting glucose to the cell from circulation. Number of long chain saturated FA has been shown to produce insulin signaling defects. However, we really need further investigation to find specific target(s) for FA induced damage. In addition to these information, a new dimension of T2D is getting attractive is fetuin-A/α2-Heremans-Schmid Glycoprotein,a secretary protein from liver. Its gene locus has been identified as T2D susceptible. Fetuin-A’s excess expression occurs by FA and it disrupts adipocyte function. It has been shown to be associated with T2D especially in obesity. In this review, we briefly discuss the present status on the mechanistic understanding of lipid induced insulin resistance that leads to T2D. More we understand the mechanism; opportunity to fight the battle with T2D will be increasing. Since, this field is now vast; we covered a few major events.
Sarit Biswas,Mousumi Bhattacharya,Sharad Nath Bhattacharya,Sharad Nath Bhattacharya 한양대학교 경제연구소 2022 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH Vol.27 No.2
The research looks into the impact of efficiency on discretionary loan loss provisioning in Indian banks and whether government ownership of commercial banks impacts efficiency. Using data envelopment analysis to quantify efficiency, we investigate the effect of efficiency on discretionary loan loss provision using a two-stage least squares regression model while accounting for uncertain government policies and their unpredictable economic consequences (economic policy uncertainty). Banks that are not majority owned by the government are more efficient than banks that are majority owned by the government. Through discretionary loan loss provision, bank efficiency positively impacts earnings management. Bank earnings management practices are limited by economic growth, rising credit-to-deposit ratios, and domestic economic policy uncertainties. However, capital adequacy ratio and global economic policy uncertainties are positively related to earnings management in banks. The study provides insights into the link between efficiency and earnings management in the face of local and global uncertainties.
Bayesian Analysis of GLEM with Half-Normal Prior
Bhattacharya, Samir K.,Lal, Ram The Korean Statistical Society 1985 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.14 No.2
In this paper, Bayesian analysiss of the general linear econometric model is carried out by using a multinomal prior for the vector of unknown regression coefficents and a half-normal prior for the standard deviation of the disturbances.
Bhattacharya, Sanjib,Haldar, Pallab Kanti 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.2
Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae), is a dioecious climber, traditionally used in India for several medicinal purposes including purgative. The present study aimed to evaluate the gastrointestinal effects (laxative and prokinetic) of triterpenoid enriched extract of T. dioica root (CETD) in Swiss albino mice. The laxative activity of CETD (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight per os) was evaluated by assessing the different excretory bowel activities in naive (non-constipated) and in drug (loperamide)-induced constipation in mice. Further, the gastrointestinal transit was measured in both naive and in constipated mice to ascertain the prokinetic effect. Castor oil (0.5 ml/mouse per os) was used as reference drug. CETD significantly and dose dependently increased all excretory bowel activities and gastrointestinal transit in both naive and in constipated mice. CETD at 100 mg/kg body weight was found to be the most active causing diarrhoea in mice. Therefore, T. dioica root extract demonstrated remarkable stimulant laxative and prokinetic effects in Swiss albino mice validating its prime ethnomedicinal usage in the Indian traditional medicine.
Horizontal pullout capacity of a group of two vertical plate anchors in clay
Bhattacharya, Paramita,Kumar, Jyant Techno-Press 2013 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.5 No.4
The horizontal pullout capacity of a group of two vertical strip plate anchors, placed along the same vertical plane, in a fully cohesive soil has been computed by using the lower bound finite element limit analysis. The effect of spacing between the plate anchors on the magnitude of total group failure load ($P_{uT}$) has been evaluated. An increase of soil cohesion with depth has also been incorporated in the analysis. For a weightless medium, the total pullout resistance of the group becomes maximum corresponding to a certain optimum spacing between the anchor plates which has been found to vary generally between 0.5B and B; where B is the width of the anchor plate. As compared to a single plate anchor, the increase in the pullout resistance for a group of two anchors becomes greater at a higher embedment ratio. The effect of soil unit weight has also been analyzed. It is noted that the interference effect on the pullout resistance increases further with an increase in the unit weight of soil mass.
Anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant role of $Zanthoxylum$ $nitidum$ bark
Bhattacharya, Sanjib,Haldar, Pallab K.,Zaman, Md.K. 경희한의학연구센터 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.4
In the present study, the methanol extract of stem bark of $Zanthoxylum$ $nitidum$ (ZNME) was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity in acute (carrageenan, histamine and serotonin induced rat paw oedema) and chronic model (cotton pellet induced granuloma) along with reference drug indomethacin (10 mg/kg body wt. p.o.). The ZNME (75 and 150 mg/kg body wt. p.o.) exhibited significant activity ($p$ <0.001) against all phlogistic agents employed in a dose dependent manner. In chronic model also the ZNME caused a significant ($p$ <0.001) and dose dependent inhibition of granuloma formation. The ZNME was evaluated for its antioxidant properties by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and $in$ $vitro$ lipid peroxidation induced by the $Fe^{2+}$-ascorbate system in rat liver homogenate. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the ZNME demonstrated marked and dose dependent free radical scavenging effect and the mean inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) of the ZNME was found to be 77.8 ${\mu}g$/ml, while the ascorbic acid (reference) exhibited 43.7 ${\mu}g$/ml. The ZNME effectively inhibited the lipid peroxidation in a dose related manner showing the $IC_{50}$ value of 297.9 ${\mu}g$/ml, whereas the catechin (reference) showed 46.64 ${\mu}g$/ml. These findings reveal that the ZNME possessed promising acute and chronic anti-inflammatory and $in$ $vitro$ antioxidant actions in the tested models.