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ON EQUILIBRIUM ABUNDANCE OF $C_2$ MOLECULES UNDER SUNSPOT CONDITIONS
Beebe, Reta Fay,Yun, Hong-Sik The Korean Astronomical Society 1978 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.11 No.1
An extensive molecular equilibrium calculation has been performed under sunspot conditions in order to resolve the current dispute on the presence of $C_2$ lines in the spectrum of sunspots. Equilibrium abundance of $C_2$ has been computed under the conditions of umbral cores, umbrae and the normal photosphere. As the results, it is found that the umbral cores yield unfavorable environment for $C_2$ formation. It is concluded that $C_2$ molecular lines are not likely tn be observed in the spectrum of sunspots.
A Cell Programmable Assay (CPA) chip
Ju, Jongil,Warrick, Jay,Beebe, David J. Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Lab on a chip Vol.10 No.16
<P>This article describes two kinds of “Cell Programmable Assay” (CPA) chips that utilize passive pumping for the culture and autonomous staining of cells to simply common protocols. One is a single timer channel CPA (sCPA) chip that has one timer channel and one main channel containing a cell culture chamber. The sCPA is used to culture and stain cells using Hoechst nuclear staining dye (a 2 step staining process). The other is a dual timer channel CPA (dCPA) chip that has two timer channels and one main channel with a chamber for cell culture. The dCPA is used here to culture, fix, permeablize, and stain cells using DAPI. The additional timer channel of the dCPA chip allows for automation of 3 steps. The CPA chips were successfully evaluated using HEK 293 cells. In addition, we provide a simplified equation for tuning or redesigning CPA chips to meet the needs of a variety of protocols that may require different timings. The equation is easy to use as it only depends upon the dimensions of microchannel and the volume of the reagent drops. The sCPA and dCPA chips can be readily modified to apply to a wide variety of common cell culture methods and procedures.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We present “Cell Programmable Assay” (CPA) chips that utilize passive pumping for the culture and autonomous staining of cells to simply common protocols. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c005103a'> </P>
THE PRESENCE OF $C_2$ LINES IN SUNSPOTS
Yun, Hong-Sik,Beebe, H.A.,Baggett, W.E. The Korean Astronomical Society 1982 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.15 No.1
High spatial and spectral resolution observations have been made over a sunspot (SPO 6403) with the Echelle Spectrograph at the Vacuum Tower Telescope, Sacramento Peak Observatory. Our observed spectra, scanned with SPO's fast microdensitometer, clearly show strengthening of $C_2$ lines in the penumbra relative to the photosphere and much weakening in the umbra in agreement with the predictions made by our molecular equilibrium calculations (Lee et al. 1981).
이정훈,김영웅,David J. Beebe,김병규 한국바이오칩학회 2012 BioChip Journal Vol.6 No.3
We present a negative dielectrophoretic (n-DEP) force based high throughput cell sorting system integrating a cantilever-type electrode array in a vertical macro channel to leverage gravity driven flow and eliminate the need for external pumps. The system comprises a macro-sized channel to increase throughput, a cantilever electrode array(L×W×H=150μm×500μm×10μm) to achieve n-DEP force and high throughput, and a flow regulator to precisely control hydrodynamic force. The hydrodynamic force and the n-DEP force acting on the target cell are evaluated theoretically. In addition, optimal separation conditions are investigated using computational models. Separation conditions are experimentally investigated based on simulation results. Finally, to demonstrate the separation performance of the sorting system, we performed the separation of the human breast cancer cells (MCF 7) from diluted red blood cells(RBCs) under conditions of low voltage(7Vp-p with 500kHz) and flow rate of 5μL∙min-1 . The system can separate MCF 7 cell with 71% separation efficiency in case of the ratio of 1:60000(MCF 7:RBCs).
SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATIONS OF HIGH RESOLUTION SPECTRA OVER A SUNSPOT UMBRA
Yun, Hong-Sik,Beebe, Herbert A.,Baggett, Wayne The Korean Astronomical Society 1980 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.13 No.1
Simultaneous observations of high resolution spectra of CaII H, K, ${\lambda}8542\;and\;{\lambda}8498$ have been made over a sunspot umbra (SPO 5007) by means of Sacramento Peak Observatory's HIRKHAD program with the Echelle spectrograph at the Vacuum Tower Telescope. The observed spectra scanned by SPO's fast microphotometer have been reduced for later theoretical interpretations. The reduced profiles, sampled over a region which is thought to be coolest over the spot, are presented in units of absolute intensity. The core intensity ratios of $I(K_3)/I(H_3);and\;I({\lambda}8498)/I({\lambda}8542)$ arc found to be 1.3 and 1.14, respectively.
ESD Design Strategies for High-Speed Digital and RF Circuits in Deeply Scaled Silicon Technologies
Shuqing Cao,Jung-Hoon Chun,Beebe, S G,Dutton, R W IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS PART 1 R Vol.57 No.9
<P>Challenges of electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection in deeply scaled silicon technologies are addressed by improving design, characterization, and modeling of I/O MOSFETs, interconnect, ESD protection and power clamp devices. Recent progress on ESD protection design for both high-speed digital I/O and radiofrequency (RF) circuits are presented. Topological trade-offs are compared. High speed circuit protection techniques such as the T-coil based ESD design are reviewed in detail. Package- and wafer-level charged device model (CDM) correlation issues are discussed. I/O, ESD devices, and metal interconnect effects are examined using very fast transmission line pulses (VF-TLP) and TLP.</P>
Edralin A. Lucas,Maryam Yuhas,Kayla White,Penelope Perkins-Veazie,Maureen Beebe,Sandra Peterson,Mark E. Payton,Brenda J. Smith 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.1
This study investigated the effects of two doses of freeze-dried watermelon (WM) on bone and lipid parameters in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, a model of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Three-month-old C57BL/6 female mice (n=46) were sham-operated (SHAM) or OVX and randomly assigned to the control or WM diets for 12 weeks: SHAM-control, OVX-control, OVX+1%, or 10% (wt/wt) freeze-dried WM. All diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous, and had the same calcium and phosphorus concentrations. Freeze-dried WM supplementation was not able to prevent the decrease in whole body, tibial, and lumbar bone mineral density due to estrogen deficiency. Micro-computed tomography analyses showed that WM was also not able to modulate changes in tibial trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture due to ovariectomy. However, the lumbar trabecular micro-architecture analyses revealed that the WM-10% group had a similar connectivity density, trabecular number, trabecular separation, and structure model index as the SHAM group. Supplementation with 10% WM reduced plasma cholesterol and total liver lipids to the level of the SHAM group but was still similar to that of the OVX-control group. Supplementation with 10% WM increased liver catalase (CAT) mRNA levels but had no effects on mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. There were no differences in plasma activity of the antioxidant enzymes GPX and CAT between all treatment groups. Our findings demonstrate some positive effects of watermelon for modulating lipids and attenuating lumbar vertebral bone loss arising from ovarian hormone deficiency.
Biomimetic Soft Multifunctional Miniature Aquabots
Kwon, Gu Han,Park, Joong Yull,Kim, Jeong Yoon,Frisk, Megan L.,Beebe, David J.,Lee, Sang-Hoon WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Small Vol.4 No.12
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Small (micro- to millimeter) soft polymeric aquabots that perform multifunctional operations in aqueous environments, effectively simulating their natural counterparts (see image)are presented. These aquabots have diverse muscle-like locomotive mechanisms as well as integrated organs including body structures, sensors, and drug-releasing systems. The demonstrated functions have potential applications in drug delivery, environmental monitoring, and inspection. <img src='wiley_img/16136810-2008-4-12-SMLL200800315-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/16136810-2008-4-12-SMLL200800315-content'> </P>