Understanding Emergent Responses of Soils to Environmental Change: What Do We Know about Upscaling?

Philippe Baveye,Wilfred Otten,Ruth Falconer,Simona Hapca,Edith Perrier 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Soil Degradation, Hunger, and Sustainable Development in Subsaharan Africa

Ginger Tissier,Philippe Baveye 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Analysis of metal(loid)s contamination and their continuous input in soils around a zinc smelter: Development of methodology and a case study in South Korea

Yun, Sung-Wook,Baveye, Philippe C.,Kim, Dong-Hyeon,Kang, Dong-Hyeon,Lee, Si-Young,Kong, Min-Jae,Park, Chan-Gi,Kim, Hae-Do,Son, Jinkwan,Yu, Chan Elsevier 2018 Environmental pollution Vol.238 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Soil contamination due to atmospheric deposition of metals originating from smelters is a global environmental problem. A common problem associated with this contamination is the discrimination between anthropic and natural contributions to soil metal concentrations: In this context, we investigated the characteristics of soil contamination in the surrounding area of a world class smelter. We attempted to combine several approaches in order to identify sources of metals in soils and to examine contamination characteristics, such as pollution level, range, and spatial distribution. Soil samples were collected at 100 sites during a field survey and total concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed. We conducted a multivariate statistical analysis, and also examined the spatial distribution by 1) identifying the horizontal variation of metals according to particular wind directions and distance from the smelter and 2) drawing a distribution map by means of a GIS tool. As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn in the soil were found to originate from smelter emissions, and As also originated from other sources such as abandoned mines and waste landfill. Among anthropogenic metals, the horizontal distribution of Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn according to the downwind direction and distance from the smelter showed a typical feature of atmospheric deposition (regression model: <I>y</I> = <I>y</I> <SUB>0</SUB> + αe<SUP>−<I>βx</I> </SUP>). Lithogenic Fe was used as an indicator, and it revealed the continuous input and accumulation of these four elements in the surrounding soils. Our approach was effective in clearly identifying the sources of metals and analyzing their contamination characteristics. We believe this study will provide useful information to future studies on soil pollution by metals around smelters.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Several approaches were combined to identify metal(loid) contamination in soil. </LI> <LI> As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn in soils were derived from the Zn smelter. </LI> <LI> As originated from multiple anthropogenic sources as well as from the Zn smelter. </LI> <LI> Lithogenic Fe can be an indicator for continuous input of anthropogenic metals. </LI> <LI> Soil contamination can be effectively investigated with our proposed approach. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

플랙탈 이론의 지반공학에서의 응용

유찬 ( Yu Chan ),장병욱 ( Chang Pyung Wuck ),( Baveye Philippe ) 한국농공학회 2001 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2001 No.-

The fractal theory is an interesting tool for measuring the soil properties which are irregular and dynamical. A simple example is shown in this paper that (statistical) fractal dimension can be evaluated from the traditional Particle-size distribution(PSD) curve. The results of Wu et al.(993) and Bittelli et al.(999) were referred to demonstrate the fractal analysis.

X-Ray Tomography and in Situ Detection Technique used to Quantify Spatial Distribution of Bacteria in Soil

Archana Juyal,Thilo Eickhorst,Philippe Baveye,Ruth Falconer,Wilfred Otten 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

흙의 입도분포와 플랙탈 차원

유찬,안성율,이창노,Yu, Chan,Ahn, Sung-Yul,Lee, Chang-No,Baveye, Philippe C. 한국지반공학회 2002 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.18 No.6

전통적인 흙의 입도분포 곡선상에서 흙의 구성 성분에 따른 프랙탈 차원의 변화에 대해서 Wu등(1993)과Bittelli 등(1999)의 연구결과를 중심으로 Buchan 등(1993)의 실험결과를 이용하여 고찰하였다. 자료분석시에는 실트와 모래의 경계값의 변화에 따른 프랙탈 차원의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 20$\mu{m}$, 63$\mu{m}$ 그리고 125$\mu{m}$에 대한 프랙탈 차원을 산정하여 전체 범위에서 구한 프랙탈 차원과 비교하였다. 분석결과에서는 전통적인 입도분포곡선상에서 프랙탈 차원의 산정은 가능한 것으로 나타났으며, 실트와 모래성분의 경계값은 Wu 등(1993)이 제시한 것 보다 Bittelli 등(1999)이 제시한 경계값이 더 적절함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 Bittelli 등(1999)이 제시한 실험식을 이용해서 실트영역의 프랙탈 차원을 비교적 정확하게 산정할 수 있었다. The fractal dimension that was evaluated with soil components from the traditional particle-size distribution(PSD) curve was analyzed using the results of Wu et al.(1993) and Bittelli et al.(1999). In order to find the change of the variation of fractal dimension with the upper and lower limit, three limit values(200$\mu{m}$, 63$\mu{m}$, and 125$\mu{m}$) were chosen, and these results of fractal dimension analysis were compared to the result that was evaluated in the whole range of the soils. The results showed that it is possible to evaluate fractal dimension from the traditional PSD curve with the soil contents, and it showed that Bittelli et at.(1999)'s upper and lower limit value was more reasonable than Wu et al.(1993). Equations that were presented by Bittelli et at.(1999) also showed a good agreement with the analytical results in the silt domain.

Dissolution behavior of As and Cd in submerged paddy soil after treatment with stabilizing agents

Yun, S.W.,Park, C.G.,Jeon, J.H.,Darnault, C.J.G.,Baveye, P.C.,Yu, C. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2016 Geoderma Vol.270 No.-

<P>Steelmaking slag (SS) is an industrial byproduct generated through metal refining processes. It has been applied as an agent to stabilize farmland soils containinated both by arsenic and heavy metals in the Republic of Korea. However, the efficacy of this technique has not been established yet under anoxic conditions such as in the case of submerged rice paddy fields. Under anoxic conditions, As might be dissociated easily from solid surfaces where it is adsorbed reversibly. In this study, laboratory-scale column tests were conducted to artificially manipulate anoxic conditions in submerged paddy fields and we observed the release behavior of As and heavy metals, mainly cadmium (Cd). Limestone (LS) was also applied in the test for the purpose of comparison because it is usually applied as a common additive. The leachate samples were collected and chemical changes were monitored during the test period. Results suggest that anoxic conditions were developed during submersion, and that As or heavy metal fractions bound to ferrous (Fe)/manganese (Mn) oxides were easily dissociated. However, it was also shown that SS and LS significantly decreased the dissolution of Cd and As in the pore water; their removal rates in the SS-treated soil were 87% and 32%, respectively, of those in the control soil. On the other hand it appeared that SS was more effective than LS to stabilize Cd as well as As under submerged conditions. Therefore, SS might be an optimal stabilizing agent for dealing with As and other heavy metal contaminants in rice paddy soils that are periodically exposed to reducing environments. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Effect of farmland type on the transport and spatial distribution of metal(loid)s in agricultural lands near an abandoned gold mine site: Confirmation of previous observations

Yun, S.W.,Kim, D.H.,Kang, D.H.,Son, J.,Lee, S.Y.,Lee, C.K.,Lee, S.H.,Ji, W.H.,Baveye, P.C.,Yu, C. Elsevier 2017 Journal of geochemical exploration Vol.181 No.-

In many parts of the world, metal(loid)s resulting from mining activities are causing significant environmental concern, in particular because they are contaminating agricultural lands. In this respect, a previous study in South Korea suggested that a specific agricultural practice, associated with the growing of rice in paddy fields, could contribute specifically to the geographic spread of metal(loid)s contamination away from mine sites. The purpose of the research described in this article was to confirm this hypothesis at a different site. Samples from the surface soil of agricultural lands were collected from 374 sites (267 paddy soils and 107 dry field soils). The concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn from the samples were analyzed and descriptive statistics and multivariate statistical analysis were carried out to identify potential sources of these various elements. In addition, geographical information systems (GIS) technology was applied to analyze the interrelationship between the mining activities and the distribution of meta(loid)s in agricultural lands. The results clearly show that the transport and distribution of As and Pb originating from the abandoned mine are distinct depending on the agricultural practice that was adopted locally. The highest concentrations of As and Pb are in agricultural soils nearest the abandoned mine site (<1km) because of climatic factors such as wind and precipitation that affect the direct mobilization of metal-bearing mine wastes. However, the distribution characteristics of As and Pb in the oxidizing environment of dry field soils in general suggest that the degree of pollution by these elements fell notably as the distance from the abandoned mine increased. In the alternatingly oxidizing and reducing environment of paddy soils, by contrast, the distribution of As and Pb is noticeably different from those of the dry field soils. Arsenic in particular is widely distributed across the study area with a high level of pollution regardless of the distance from the abandoned mine. These results confirm the hypothesis that the transport characteristics of metal(loid)s initially mobilized from an abandoned mine site into the paddy soils are predominantly governed by the specific submerged environment of rice paddy soils and these specific environments impact a wider area than climatic factors.