Water Length and Height Effects on the Earthquake Behavior of Arch Dam-Reservoir-Foundation Systems

Baris¸ Sevim,Ahmet Can Altuns¸ik,Alemdar Bayraktar,Mehmet Akköse,Yusuf Calayir 대한토목학회 2011 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.15 No.2

In this study, water length and height effects on the earthquake behavior of arch dam-reservoir-foundation systems are purposed. The study can be classified into two parts. In the first part, in order to obtain a realistic 3D arch dam-reservoir-foundation model,water length effects on the behavior of the arch dam systems are investigated. For this purpose a double curvature arch dam is modeled by forming four different water lengths related to dam Height (H) as H, 2H, 3H and 4H. Each model is analyzed in time domain and the realistic model is obtained according to the analyses results. In the second part, water height effects on the behavior of the arch dam system are investigated. The arch dam obtained from first part of the study is modeled by forming four different water heights related to dam Height (H) as 0H, 0.33H, 0.66H and H. The behavior of the dam, reservoir and foundation are expressed in terms of displacements using Lagrangian approach. The foundation is taken into account as massless; behavior of reservoir is assumed to be linearly elastic, inviscid and irrotational. In this study, all systems are modeled by ANSYS finite element program and analyses are performed using IMPVALL/I-ELC180 component of Imperial Valley (1940) earthquake. Dynamic equations of motions are solved by using Newmark integration algorithm. It is seen that both water length and height affect the earthquake behavior of the arch dams considerably.

Association between Taql polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene and vertical growth of the mandible: A cross-sectional study

Baris Can Telatar,Gul Yildiz Telatar,Faruk Saydam 대한치과교정학회 2023 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.53 No.5

Objective: To determine whether the gonial angle on digital panoramic radiographs is associated with vitamin D receptor (VDR) Taql polymorphism. Methods: Genomic DNA samples were collected from the buccal mucosa of patients aged 26–43 years. TaqMan assay for single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping was used to detect the genotype of Taql polymorphism. The gonial angle was measured bilaterally on panoramic radiography. The normal gonial angle was fixed as 121.8°, and it represented the cutoff value for the high gonial angle (HGA) and low gonial angle (LGA) groups. Various genetic models were analyzed, namely dominant (homozygous [AA] vs. heterozygous [AG] + polymorphic [GG]), recessive (AA + AG vs. GG), and additive (AA + GG vs. AG), using the chi-squared test. Results: The reliability of the gonial angle measurement was analyzed using a random sample (26%) of the tests, with the intra-examiner correlation showing an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.99. The frequencies of the AA, AG, and GG genotypes of rs731236 polymorphism were 40.5%, 41.9%, and 17.6% in the HGA group and 21.8%, 51.0%, and 27.2% in the LGA group, respectively (P = 0.042). A statistically significant difference was observed in the allele frequencies between the two groups (P = 0.011). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed in the dominant genetic model. Conclusions: Taql polymorphism in the VDR gene plays a critical role in the vertical growth of the mandible and decreased gonial angle.

The Impact of Different Anthropometric Measures on Sustained Normotension, White Coat Hypertension, Masked Hypertension, and Sustained Hypertension in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Baris Afsar 대한내분비학회 2013 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.28 No.3

Background: Many studies have aimed to determine whether body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), or waist to hip ratio (WHR) best predicts hypertension in diabetic patients, with conflicting results. However, no study has examined the specific relationship between these anthropometric parameters with sustained normotension (SNT), white coat hypertension (WCHT),masked hypertension (MHT), and sustained hypertension (SHT) based on office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurements in these patients.Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes underwent the following procedures: history taking, measurements of anthropometric parameters, office and ambulatory BP measurements, physical examination, laboratory analysis, and random and 24-hour urine analysis.Results: In total, there were 65 dippers and 37 nondipper patients. None of the anthropometric parameters were different between the dippers and the nondippers. There were 25 patients with SNT, 32 with WCHT, seven with MHT, and 38 with SHT. A comparison of anthropometric parameters between these four groups of patients showed that WC (P=0.016) and WHR (P=0.015) were different among all groups. According to regression analysis, only BMI was independently related with MHT (odds ratio [OR],1.373, P=0.022), whereas only WC has been associated with SHT (OR, 1.321, P=0.041).Conclusion: Among anthropometric parameters, only WC and WHR were different in SNT, WCHT, MHT, and SHT in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes.

Uncharacteristic foreign policy behavior: Sharon’s decision to withdraw from Gaza

Baris Kesgin 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2019 International Area Studies Review Vol.22 No.1

When leaders depart from their long-held, publicly known policy positions, one possible explanation is changes in their personality. This paper inquires about one example: Ariel Sharon’s withdrawal from the Gaza Strip. Middle East observers long believed that Sharon was one of the last Israelis to cede any territory to Palestinians; alas, that became the decision to mark Sharon’s reign as prime minister. The “bulldozer” decided to evacuate the homes he had built. Assuming that Gaza disengagement implied a significant reassessment of Sharon’s previously held policy preferences, this paper asks if Sharon changed. Using leadership trait analysis, the paper develops two profiles of Sharon, before and during his premiership. Sharon is then profiled in three phases during his tenure: first term, second term until the announcement of disengagement, and until the end of his tenure. In making his decision, Sharon temporarily became a complex thinker, yet did not change in his distrust or develop empathy to the Palestinians. The findings suggest that leaders can experience a fundamental but temporary change to implement radically different decisions, and confirm that leaders’ traits are stable over time.

Investigation of water length effects on the modal behavior of a prototype arch dam using operational and analytical modal analyses

Baris Sevim,Alemdar Bayraktar,Ahmet Can Altunisik 국제구조공학회 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.37 No.6

This study determines the water length effects on the modal behavior of a prototype arch dam using Operational and Analytical Modal Analyses. Achievement of this purpose involves construction of a prototype arch dam-reservoir-foundation model under laboratory conditions. In the model, reservoir length was taken to be as much as three times the dam height. To determine the experimental dynamic characteristics of the arch dam using Operational Modal Analysis, ambient vibration tests were implemented for empty reservoir and three different reservoir water lengths. In the ambient vibration tests,the dam was vibrated by natural excitations provided from small impact effects and the response signals were measured using sensitive accelerometers. Operational Modal Analysis software process signals collected from the ambient vibration tests, and Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition and Stochastic Subspace Identification techniques estimated modal parameters of the dams. To validate the experimental results, 3D finite element model of the prototype arch dam was modeled by ANSYS software for empty reservoir and three different reservoir water lengths, and dynamic characteristics of each model were determined analytically. At the end of the study, experimentally and analytically identified dynamic characteristics compared to each other. Also, changes on the natural frequencies along to water length are plotted as graphs. Results suggest that reservoir water complicates the modal behavior of the arch dam significantly.

Sustainable Implementation of Glass Manufacturing Waste and Geogrids in the Improvement of Fine-Grained Soils

Baris Mahmutluoglu,Baki Bagriacik 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.4

Recently, utilization of wastes has become increasingly important in aspects of sustainability and waste disposal. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using glass manufacturing waste (GMW) for the first time in the relevant literature, geogrids and GMW-geogrid reinforcement to increase the load bearing capacity of a clayey soil (CS) by large-scale model experiments. Initially, optimum water ratios were determined for different ratios of GMW and CS. Secondly, the optimum mixing ratio of GMW was determined. Next, the optimum soil depth improved with GMW and the optimum number of geogrids were investigated. Consequently, a bearing capacity ratio (BCR) increase of 2.23 times was acquired and the optimum mixture ratio was attained for 25% GMW addition. Improvement depth (Rd) and optimum number of geogrids (N) were obtained as 1.75D (D: diameter of the model foundation) and 3, respectively. The highest degree of improvement was reached for geogrids-GMW combination and a minimum waiting period of 7 days was advised in the sequel of such soil improvement work. Out of the observation of micro-structural analyses results, both physical and chemical interactions were encountered throughout the occurrence period of bearing capacity improvements.

CUSP FORMS IN S4 (r0 (79)) AND THE NUMBER OF REPRESENTATIONS OF POSITIVE INTEGERS BY SOME DIRECT SUM OF BINARY QUADRATIC FORMS WITH DISCRIMINANT -79

Baris Kendirli 대한수학회 2012 대한수학회보 Vol.49 No.3

A basis of a subspace of $S_{4}\left( \Gamma _{0}\left( 79\right) \right) $ is given and the formulas for the number of representations of positive integers by some direct sums of the quadratic forms $x_{1}^{2}+x_{1}x_{2}+20x_{2}^{2},$ $ 4x_{1}^{2}\pm x_{1}x_{2}+5x_{2}^{2},$ $2x_{1}^{2}\pm x_{1}x_{2}+10x_{2}^{2}$ are determined.

Structural, Mechanical and Magnetic Properties of Fe – 40-at.% Al Powders during Mechanical Alloying

Baris Avar,Musa Gogebakan,Sadan Ozcan,Suleyman Kerli 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.5

Nanocrystalline Fe – 40at.% Al alloy powders were prepared by using a mechanical alloying (MA)process with a planetary high-energy ball mill. The structural and the morphological propertiesof the powders were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), respectively. A disordered Fe(Al) solid solution with bcc crystal structure wasformed after 10 h of MA. Longer MA durations introduced ordering in the alloyed powders. Thefinal crystallite size was found to be as small as 5 nm whereas the internal strain was found toreach a final value of 2.1%. Also, the lattice parameter quickly increased to a maximum value of0.2926 nm at 30 h of MA, and then decreased to a value of 0.2873 at 80 h of MA. SEM resultsshowed variations in the shapes and the sizes of the particles in the powders at different stages. Furthermore, the microhardness values were found to increase gradually with increasing MA timedue to work hardening, grain refinement and solid-solution formation. Magnetic properties such asthe saturation magnetization (Ms) and the coercive field (Hc) were calculated from the hysteresisloops, and the results are presented as functions of the MA time.

Geometrical dimensions effects on the seismic response of concrete gravity dams

Sevim, Baris Techno-Press 2018 Advances in concrete construction Vol.6 No.3

This study presents the effects of geometrical dimensions of concrete gravity dams on the seismic response considering different base width/dam height (L/H) ratios. In the study, a concrete gravity dam with the height of 200 m is selected and finite element models of the dam are constituted including five different L/H ratios such as 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25. All dams are modeled in ANSYS software considering dam-reservoir-foundation interaction. 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake records are applied to models in upstream-downstream direction and linear time history analyses are performed. Dynamic equilibrium equations of motions obtained from the finite element models of the coupled systems are solved by using Newmark time integration algorithm. The seismic response of the models is evaluated from analyses presenting natural frequencies, mode shapes, displacements and principal stresses. The results show that the L/H ratios considerably affect the seismic response of gravity dams. Also, the model where L/H ratio is 1.00 has more desirable results and most appropriate representation of the seismic response of gravity dams.

Structural response of concrete gravity dams under blast loads

Sevim, Baris,Toy, Ahmet Tugrul Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.9 No.5

Concrete dams are important structures due to retaining amount of water on their reservoir. So such kind of structures have to be designed against static and dynamic loads. Especially considering on critical importance against blasting threats and environmental safety, dams have to be examined according to the blast loads. This paper aims to investigate structural response of concrete gravity dams under blast loads. For the purpose Sarıyar Concrete Gravity Dam in Turkey is selected for numerical application with its 85 m of reservoir height (H), 255 m of reservoir length (3H), 72 m of bottom and 7 m of top widths. In the study, firstly 3D finite element model of the dam is constituted using ANSYS Workbench software considering dam-reservoir-foundation interaction and a hydrostatic analysis is performed without blast loads. Then, nearly 13 tons TNT explosive are considered 20 m away from downstream of the dam and this is modeled using ANSYS AUTODYN software. After that explicit analyses are performed through 40 milliseconds. Lastly peak pressures obtained from analyses are compared to empirical equations in the literature and UFC 3-340-02 standard which provide unified facilities criteria for structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions. Also analyses' results such as displacements, stresses and strains obtained from both hydrostatic and blasting analysis models are compared to each other. It is highlighted from the study that blasting analysis model has more effective than the only hydrostatic analysis model. So it is highlighted from the study that the design of dams should be included the blast loads.