Glucosamine induces cell death via proteasome inhibition in human ALVA41 prostate cancer cell

Bao-Qin Liu,Hua-Qin Wang,Xin Meng,Chao Li,Yan-Yan Gao,Ning Li,Xiao-Fang Niu,Yifu Guan 생화학분자생물학회 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.9

Glucosamine, a naturally occurring amino monosaccharide,has been reported to play a role in the regulation of apoptosis more than half century. However the effect of glucosamine on tumor cells and the involved molecular mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated. Glucosamine enters the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) downstream of the rate-limiting step catalyzed by the GFAT (glutamine:fluctose-6-phosphate amidotransferase), providing UDPGlcNAc substrates for O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification. Considering that O-GlcNAc modification of proteasome subunits inhibits its activity, we examined whether glucosamine induces growth inhibition via affecting proteasomal activity. In the present study, we found glucosamine inhibited proteasomal activity and the proliferation of ALVA41 prostate cancer cells. The inhibition of proteasomal activity results in the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, followed by induction of apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that glucosamine downregulated proteasome activator PA28γ and overexpression of PA28γ rescued the proteasomal activity and growth inhibition mediated by glucosamine. We further demonstrated that inhibition of O-GlcNAc abrogated PA28γ suppression induced by glucosamine. These findings suggest that glucosamine may inhibit growth of ALVA41 cancer cells through downregulation of PA28γ and inhibition of proteasomal activity via O-GlcNAc modification.

Glucosamine induces cell death $via$ proteasome inhibition in human ALVA41 prostate cancer cell

Liu, Bao-Qin,Meng, Xin,Li, Chao,Gao, Yan-Yan,Li, Ning,Niu, Xiao-Fang,Guan, Yifu,Wang, Hua-Qin Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2011 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.43 No.9

Glucosamine, a naturally occurring amino monosaccharide, has been reported to play a role in the regulation of apoptosis more than half century. However the effect of glucosamine on tumor cells and the involved molecular mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated. Glucosamine enters the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) downstream of the rate-limiting step catalyzed by the GFAT (glutamine:fluctose- 6-phosphate amidotransferase), providing UDP-GlcNAc substrates for O-linked ${\beta}$-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification. Considering that O-GlcNAc modification of proteasome subunits inhibits its activity, we examined whether glucosamine induces growth inhibition $via$ affecting proteasomal activity. In the present study, we found glucosamine inhibited proteasomal activity and the proliferation of ALVA41 prostate cancer cells. The inhibition of proteasomal activity results in the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, followed by induction of apoptosis. In addition, we demonstrated that glucosamine downregulated proteasome activator $PA28{\gamma}$ and overexpression of $PA28{\gamma}$ rescued the proteasomal activity and growth inhibition mediated by glucosamine. We further demonstrated that inhibition of O-GlcNAc abrogated $PA28{\gamma}$ suppression induced by glucosamine. These findings suggest that glucosamine may inhibit growth of ALVA41 cancer cells through downregulation of $PA28{\gamma}$ and inhibition of proteasomal activity via O-GlcNAc modification.

Expression of Cdc25B mRNA in Duodenal Mucosa of Chicken

Qin, Junhui,Zhang, Hui,Bao, Huijun,Zhou, Qiang,Liu, Yi,Xu, Chunsheng,Chu, Xiaohong,Chen, Qiusheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.4

Cdc25B is a mitotic regulator that might act as a starter phosphatase to initiate the positive feedback loop at the entry into mitotic (M) phase. In the present study, distribution of Cdc25B mRNA in duodenal mucosa of the chicken was demonstrated by means of in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) using sense and antisense digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled RNA probes. The results showed that there were many labeled cells distributing in the duodenal mucosa of the adult chicken. Of these labeled cells, 81.60${\pm}$9.63% of Cdc25B mRNA positive cells was distributed in the basilar part and mid-portion of the intestinal gland and 36.21${\pm}$8.81% in the middle and basilar portion of villi of the small intestine of the chicken, respectively. Most of these labeled cells were positive in the regions of the stem cell and proliferation. The signals of ISHH decreased from basilar to upper part in the crypt of Lieberkuhn and weakened in the inferior villi of the duodenum. Moreover, the positive signals were both in the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. However, the labeled cells were negative in both the lamina muscularis mucosae and muscular layer. The results of ISHH suggested the existence of Cdc25B mRNA and vigorous proliferation activities in the duodenal mucosa of adult chicken, replenishing the cells which had sloughed off from the superior part of the villus. Our results provide some molecular evidence for a regular pattern of avian intestinal epitheliosis and functional partition and provide an approach to further study of the locations of Cdc25B in the chicken.

HPLC Analysis of Citrinin in Red Yeast Rice

Bao-jun Xu,Qi-jun Wang,Jeong-hyun Lee,Xiao-qin Jia,Chang-keun Sung 한국식품과학회 2003 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.12 No.4

Natural Products,Organic Chemistry : A Rapid Screening for Alcohol Detoxification Constituents of Hovenia dulcis by Microplate Reader

Bao Jun Xu,Yu Qiu Deng,Xiao Qin Jia,Jeong Hyun Lee,Eun Kyoun Mo,Hyo Jin Kang,Chang Keun Sung 한국응용생명화학회 2003 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.46 No.3

Effectiveness and Safety of Pemetrexed Versus Docetaxel as a Treatment for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Di, Bao-Shan,Wei, Kong-Ping,Tian, Jin-Hui,Xiao, Xiao-Juan,Li, Yan,Zhang, Xu-Hui,Yu, Qin,Yang, Ke-Hu,Ge, Long,Huang, Wen-Hui,Zhang, Fang-Wa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: Our aim was to conduct a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of pemetrexed and docetaxel for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China Biology Medicine Database for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy and toxicities of pemetrexed versus docetaxel as a treatment for advanced NSCLC. We limited the languages to English and Chinese. Two reviewers independently screened articles to identify eligible trials according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed the methodological quality of included trials, and then extracted data. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA12.0. Results: Six RCTs involving 1,414 patients were identified. We found that there was no statistically significant differences in overall response rate, survival time, progression-free survival, disease control rate, and 1-2yr survival rate (p>0.050) but it is worthy of mention that patients in the pemetrexed arms had significantly higher 3-yr survival rate (P=0.002). With regard to the grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicity, compared with docetaxel, pemetrexed led to lower rate of grade 3-4 febrile neutropenia, neutropenia, and leukocyts toxicity (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in anemia between the two arms (p=0.08). In addition, pemetrexed led to higher rate of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia toxicity (p=0.03). As for the non-hematological toxicities, compared with docetaxel, pemetrexed group had lower rate of grade 3-4 diarrhea and alopecia. Conclusions: Pemetrexed was almost as effective as docetaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC. At the same time, pemetrexed might increase the 3-yr survival rate. As for safety, pemetrexed led to lower rate of grade 3-4 febrile neutropenia, neutropenia, leukocytes, diarrhea and alopecia toxicity. However, it was associated with a higher rate of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia.

Enhanced Lovastatin Production by Solid State Fermentation of Monascus ruber

Xu Bao-Jun,Wang Qi-Jun,Jia Xiao-Qin,Sung Chang-Keun The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to optimize the solid state cultivation of Monascus ruber on sterile rice. A single-level-multiple-factor and a single-factor-multiple-level experimental design were employed to determine the optimal medium constituents and to optimize carbon and nitrogen source concentrations for lovastatin production. Simultaneous quantitative analyses of the ${\beta}$-hydroxyacid form and ${\beta}$-hydroxylactone for of lovastatin were performed by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with a UV photodiode-array (PDA) detector. The total lovastatin yield ($4{\sim}6\;mg/g$, average of five repeats) was achieved by adding soybean powder, glycerol, sodium nitrate, and acetic acid at optimized levels after 14 days of fermentation. The maximal yield of lovastatin under the optimal composition of the medium increased by almost 2 times the yield observed prior to optimization. The experimental results also indicated that the ${\beta}$-hydroxylactone form of lovastatin (LFL) and the ${\beta}$-hydroxyacid form of lovastatin (AFL) simultaneously existed in solid state cultures of Monascus ruber. while the latter was the dominant form in the middle-late stage of continued fermentation. These results indicate that optimized culture conditions can be used for industrial production of lovastatin to obtain high yields.

Effects of Wind Generation Uncertainty and Volatility on Power System Small Signal Stability

Li-Bao Shi,Li Kang,Liang-Zhong Yao,Shi-Yao Qin,Rui-Ming Wang,Jin-Ping Zhang 대한전기학회 2014 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.9 No.1

This paper discusses the impacts of large scale grid-connected wind farm equipped with permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) on power system small signal stability (SSS) incorporating wind generation uncertainty and volatility. Firstly, a practical simplified PMSG model with rotor-flux-oriented control strategy applied is derived. In modeling PMSG generator side converter, the generator-voltage-oriented control strategy is utilized to implement the decoupled control of active and reactive power output. In modeling PMSG grid side converter, the grid-voltageoriented control strategy is applied to realize the control of DC link voltage and the reactive power regulation. Based on the Weibull distribution of wind speed, the Monte Carlo simulation technique based is carried out on the IEEE 16-generator-68-bus test system as benchmark to study the impacts of wind generation uncertainty and volatility on small signal stability. Finally, some preliminary conclusions and comments are given.

Enhanced Lovastatin Production by Solid State Fermentation of Monascus ruber

성창근,Bao-Jun Xu,Qi-Jun Wang,Xiao -Qin Jia 한국생물공학회 2005 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study was to optimize the solid state cultivation of Monascus ruber on sterile rice. A single-level-multiple-factor and a single-factor-multiple-level experimental design were employed to determine the optimal medium constituents and to optimize carbon and nitrogen source concentrations for lovastatin production. Simultaneous quantitative analyses of the -hydroxyacid form and -hydroxylactone for of lovastatin were performed by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with a UV photodiode-array (PDA) detector. The total lovastatin yield (4~6 mg/g, average of five repeats) was achieved by adding soybean powder, glycerol, sodium nitrate, and acetic acid at optimized levels after 14 days of fermentation. The maximal yield of lovastatin under the optimal composition of the medium increased by almost 2 times the yield observed prior to optimization. The experimental results also indicated that the -hydroxylactone form of lovastatin (LFL) and the -hydroxyacid form of lovastatin (AFL) simultaneously existed in solid state cultures of Monascus ruber, while the latter was the dominant form in the middle-late stage of continued fermentation. These results indicate that optimized culture conditions can be used for industrial production of lovastatin to obtain high yields.

Codelivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in a microneedle patch for the treatment of skin pigmentation

Li Qin Zhang,Xiao Peng Zhang,Yu Ying Hao,Bao Li Zhang,Xin Dong Guo 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.88 No.-

When overexposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation, skin can cause a series of abnormal reactions, suchas excessive pigmentation and solar elastosis. In order to better treat the skin after overexposed to UVB,we designed a dissolving microneedles (MNs) loading hydrophilic ascorbic acid and hydrophobic vitaminA palmitate to achieve codelivery. Here, we confirmed that MNs had enough mechanical strength toinsert the skin and two drugs were delivered subcutaneously in sequence in vitro. In white guinea pigs,surface observation and histological observation results confirmed that two drugs by MNs transdermaldelivery were better than topical administration in the treatment of UVB-damaged skin. The MNs providea method of loading different drugs into the needles and advance the development of transdermal drugdelivery.