Flaccid quadriparesis with raised creatine kinase in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case report with review of literature

Bandari Mahesh,Abhishek Pathak,Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia,Anand Kumar,Varun Kumar Singh 대한신경집중치료학회 2021 대한신경집중치료학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory polyneuropathy characterized by acute flaccid paralysis. Elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels in GBS have been reported to be transient, and levels vary from mild to severe. Herein, we report a case of GBS with elevated CK mimicking acute myositis.Case Report: A 48-year-old man presented with pure motor flaccid quadriparesis. Power was 2/5 with hypotonia and areflexia in all four limbs. A nerve conduction study revealed reduced compound muscle action potential in all recorded motor nerves. Serum CK was 2,334 U/L. The patient’s symptoms progressed despite intravenous methylprednisolone administration. Cerebrospinal fluid (day 8) revealed albuminocytological dissociation, and electromyography (day 21) revealed spontaneous activity with neurogenic motor unit action potential suggestive of acute motor axonal neuropathy variant of GBS.Conclusion: In a patient with elevated CK and ascending paralysis, differential diagnosis of GBS should be considered and cerebrospinal fluid study and electromyography should aid in confirming the diagnosis.

Physicochemical characterization and dissolution enhancement of loratadine by solid dispersion technique

Suresh Bandari,Subash Jadav,Basanth Babu Eedara,Raju Jukanti,Prabhakar Reddy Veerareddy 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.1

The purpose of this investigation was to enhance the dissolution rate of loratadine using polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) solid dispersions (SDs). The solubility behavior of loratadine in the presence of polyethylene glycol 4000and polyethylene glycol 6000 in water showed linear increase with increasing concentrations of PEG, indicating AL type solubility diagrams. SDs of loratadine with PEG 6000 were prepared at 1 : 1, 1 : 3, 1 : 5, 1 : 7 and 1 : 9 ratios by the solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersions were characterized for drug content, dissolution behavior and for physicochemical characteristics. The dissolution rate of loratadine was enhanced rapidly with increasing concentrations of PEG 6000 in SDs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies showed the stability of loratadine and the absence of a well-defined loratadine - PEG 6000 interaction. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD) studies revealed the amorphous state of loratadine in SDs of loratadine with PEG 6000 which was further confirmed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. The flow properties of the blend, physical characteristics and disintegration time of the tablets formulated indicated that PEG 6000 SD can be used to formulate fast release loratadine tablets.

Proliposomes of lisinopril dihydrate for transdermal delivery: Formulation aspects and evaluation

Suresh Bandari,Swetha Gangishetty,Basanth Babu Eedara,Raju Jukanti,Prabhakar Reddy Veerareddy 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.8

We formulated and evaluated proliposomal gel of relatively low bioavailable drug lisinopril dihydrate (LDH)for transdermal delivery. Several proliposomal gel formulations of lisinopril dihydrate were prepared by modified coacervation phase separation method and examined for formation of liposomes by optical microscope and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The formulations were evaluated for size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency,rheological behavior, ex vivo drug permeation, skin irritation and stability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies were performed to understand the phase transition behavior and mechanism for skin permeation, respectively. The microscopic examination revealed the formation of liposomes from proliposomal gel, and the size of the vesicles was found to be in the range of 385 nm to 635 nm. Entrapment efficiency was high for the formulation containing greater amounts of phosphatidylcholine. The DSC studies indicated the amorphous form of LDH in proliposomal gel formulation. Ex vivo permeation studies revealed sustained permeation of drug from proliposomal gels studied. The stability studies reveal that the proliposomal formulations are more stable when stored at refrigeration temperature (4 oC). In conclusion, proliposomal gels offer potential and prove to be efficient carriers for improved and sustained transdermal delivery of lisinopril dihydrate.

Development and preliminary characterization of levofloxacin pharmaceutical cocrystals for dissolution rate enhancement

Suresh Bandari,Venkateshwara Rao Dronam,Basanth Babu Eedara 한국약제학회 2017 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.47 No.6

The current investigation aimed to enhance the dissolution rate and mask the bitter taste of levofloxacin by developing pharmaceutical cocrystals using stearic acid and saccharin sodium as coformers. The developed cocrystals were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which showed the formation of a regular carboxylic acid homosynthon in 1:1 ratio of levofloxacinstearic acid and carboxylic acid- imide heterosynthon in 2:1 ratio of levofloxacin-saccharin sodium. The existence of the drug in a new crystalline form in the developed cocrystals was confirmed by solid state characterization. The dissolution studies of the developed cocrystals in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) showed significant improvement of the drug dissolution rate (%min−1) from L-ST1 (7.8 ± 0.1) and L-SA2 (7.2 ± 0.4) cocrystals compared to supplied levofloxacin (4.4 ± 0.3). The taste masking ability of L-ST1 and L-SA2 was determined by conducting dissolution studies at salivary pH 6.6 and the results showed a very low drug release of 6.6 ± 0.6% from L-ST1 compared to supplied levofloxacin (64.5 ± 1.5%) and L-SA2 (55.1 ± 1.5%) in 5 min. This study demonstrates that pharmaceutical cocrystals of levofloxacin with stearic acid at 1:1 ratio enhanced the dissolution rate and masked the bitter taste of levofloxacin whereas saccharin sodium has showed only improved dissolution.

Preparation and characterization of docetaxel self-nanoemulsifying powders (SNEPs): A strategy for improved oral delivery

Suresh Bandari,Sharath Sunkavalli,Basanth Babu Eedara,Karthik Yadav Janga,Ashok Velpula,Raju Jukanti 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.3

Liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (L-SNEDDS) of docetaxel were prepared using varying ratios of Capmul PG 8 NF (oil), Cremophor EL (surfactant) and Transcutol-P (co-surfactant). The optimized L-SNEDDS (L11) was transformed into self-nanoemulsifying powder (SNEP) by physical adsorption on to Neusilin US2 and evaluated for dissolution behavior, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo oral bioavailability. Optimized L-SNEDDS (L11) composed of 50% of oil, 41.7% of surfactant and 8.3% co-surfactant produced stable emulsion with smaller globules (43±3 nm). In vitro dissolution studies showed the rapid drug release within 5min (95.42±1%) from SNEPN. In vitro cytotoxicity assessed by the MTT assay using MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines revealed that L-SNEDDS significantly reduced the IC50 value and was 2.3 times lower than the pure docetaxel. Further, the oral bioavailability studies in male Wistar rats showed higher Cmax values following treatment with SNEPN (0.98±0.13 μg/mL) and L-SNEDDS (1.09± 0.06 μg/mL) compared to pure docetaxel (0.37±0.04 μg/mL).

Hydrothermal synthesis and pseudocapacitive properties of morphology-tuned nickel sulfide (NiS) nanostructures

Naresh, Bandari,Punnoose, Dinah,Rao, S. Srinivasa,Subramanian, Archana,Raja Ramesh, B.,Kim, Hee-Je The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.42 No.4

<P>Metal sulfides have attracted considerable scrutiny compared to metal oxides owing to their distinguished electrochemical properties and various applications, such as solar cells and supercapacitors. We have reported the pseudocapacitive properties of morphology-tuned NiS nanostructures using a hydrothermal method at different deposition times and temperatures. The surface morphology, structure, and chemical composition have been confirmed by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and EDS analyses. The optimized NiS-2 h electrode offers extra conductive paths on nickel foam, yielding a lower charge-transfer resistance and internal resistance than those of NiS-1 h and NiS-3 h. An investigation of its electrochemical properties indicates that the NiS electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 1073.8 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> and 959 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at current densities of 1.2 and 2.4 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> in KOH solution, indicating its potential to be used in practical applications. Moreover, it delivered a maximum energy density of 23.19 W h kg<SUP>−1</SUP> and a power density of 243.9 W kg<SUP>−1</SUP> with an excellent cycling retention of 89% after 1000 charge-discharge cycles. This work also indicates an effective approach for the fabrication of high-performance electrodes in a cost-effective manner for higher energy density and power density applications, such as electric vehicles, flexible electronics, and energy storage devices.</P>

Multi-Stage CMOS OTA Frequency Compensation: Genetic algorithm approach

Mohammad Ali Bandari,Mohammad Bagher Tavakoli,Farbod Setoudeh,Massoud Dousti Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 2023 ETRI Journal Vol.45 No.4

Multistage amplifiers have become appropriate choices for high-speed electronics and data conversion. Because of the large number of high-impedance nodes, frequency compensation has become the biggest challenge in the design of multistage amplifiers. The new compensation technique in this study uses two differential stages to organize feedforward and feedback paths. Five Miller loops and a 500-pF load capacitor are driven by just two tiny compensating capacitors, each with a capacitance of less than 10 pF. The symbolic transfer function is calculated to estimate the circuit dynamics and HSPICE and TSMC 0.18 ㎛. CMOS technology is used to simulate the proposed five-stage amplifier. A straightforward iterative approach is also used to optimize the circuit parameters given a known cost function. According to simulation and mathematical results, the proposed structure has a DC gain of 190 dB, a gain bandwidth product of 15 MHz, a phase margin of 89°, and a power dissipation of 590 ㎼.

The Effect of Fabric Structure and Strain Percentage on the Tensile Stress Relaxation of Rib Weft Knitted Fabrics

Sheyda Sadat Mirjalali Bandari,Azita Asayesh,Masoud Latifi 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.4

Stress relaxation is a time-dependent behavior in textiles, which occurs with the release of stresses when the textileis under constant strain over a period of time. This phenomenon will induce disturbances in textile performance inapplications such as pressure garments, varicose stockings, pressure bandages and etc., in which it is critical to maintainpressure on the scar area, within a certain range according to instructions from doctors or therapists. Consequently, bytheoretical and experimental research on the factors affecting stress relaxation, it will be possible to design and produceappropriate functional clothes. In the present study, double jersey weft knitted fabrics with five different knit patternsdiffering in the number of back bed tuck stitches have been produced and the effect of fabric structure and strain value on thestress relaxation of the fabrics in the course direction have been investigated. The results reveal that by increasing the numberof tuck stitches in the fabric structure, the initial and residual stress values decrease whilst the stress relaxation of the fabricincreases. Moreover, in all fabric structures, applying higher tensile strain will cause higher stress in the fabrics as well asincrease the stress relaxation of the fabrics. Eventually, three components Maxwell model with parallel connected nonlinearspring proposed as the best model that matches the experimental results. As a whole, to enhance the functionality of pressuregarments, varicose stockings and compression bandages, the use of tuck stitch in the fabric structure is not recommended.

Thinking Pattern of Scientists: A Literature Review of Cognitive Bias in Scientific Work

Rahmi Qurota Aini,Yustika Sya’bandari,Ai Nurlaelasari Rusmana,하민수(Minsu Ha) 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2021 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.11 No.3

Scientist has an essential role for making discoveries and come across inventions. However, the way of doing science can obstructed due to the human limitation and individual reasoning. Knowing the process of system thinking is essentials approach to understand how science product are influenced by various factors. Research on cognitive biases can help this interest to understand this limitation among scientists. We discussed about scientist activities that considers on history and philosophy of science and the sustainable future requiring creative problem solving which can be very susceptible to cognitive biases. Another attention is the multilayer of current scientific work, where scientist works individually and collaborate with the colleagues. Thus, this paper discusses the framework of cognitive biases related to scientist works. Alternatively, weighing such consideration, the new framework was made by listing the biases among scientific work. We close with the recommendation of validating this framework to become of potential construct that would be helpful for further study.

Analysis of Scientist Creativity Research 2Kangwon National University

Rahmi Qurota Aini,Yustika Sya’bandari,Ai Nurlaelasari Rusmana,하민수(Minsu Ha) 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 2021 Brain, Digital, & Learning Vol.11 No.4

Scientific thought and work have been viewed as a creativity product since 1930, and scientist known as a person who conduct creative work according to the four P creative approach. The limited studies about systematic literature scientist creativity promote this research to examine research trends of scientist creativity. This study also identifies future research implications through qualitative systematic review. Through bibliometric and clustering keywords network analysis, this study explores the research trends related to scientist creativity from 2004 to 2020. Metadata from Web of Science Core Collection database collected and bibliometrics analysis was done to identify the most influential research area, country, and the research trend. Furthermore, co-occurrence keywords analysis, clustering network were created using Text Mining ‘TM’, Network Analysis Visualization ‘igraph’ packages in R software. Educational and education research was the most researched area while science and technology were the most influential research area. Clustering network were created and growth of each four cluster topic includes 1) Creativity Research, 2) Educational and Innovation, 3) Art and Creative Process, 4) History and Philosophy of Science were discussed over the time. The first cluster covers creativity research within and between individuals. The second cluster covers the connection between education and innovation where researchers promote creativity in the education sphere leading to innovative products. The third cluster covers arts as the significant domain of the creative field. The fourth cluster covers the history and Philosophy of Science.