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Competency-Based Aural Theory Using the Personalized System of Instruction
W. Kenton Bales,Roger E. Foltz 漢陽大學校 音樂硏究所 1985 音樂論壇 Vol.2 No.-
음악대학의 시창ㆍ청음 과목은 그 이수과정에서 교수와 학생 모두에게 많은 문제점을 야기시킨다. 그 원인으로는 1) 수강학생들의 능력과 정도 차이가 많고 2) 수업시간 이외에 학생들을 도울 수 있는 방법의 결여, 그리고 3) 평가기준의 모호성을 들 수 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해소하기 위하여 오마하에 있는 네브라스카대학(University of Nebraska at Omaha)에서 시도한 개인별 교수 방법(Personalized System Instruction 또는 PSI)을 소개하고 이 교수방법을 실시한 결과를 통계로 제시하였다.
Sport coaching as a ‘profession’
Patrick Duffy,Hazel Hartley,John Bales,Miguel Crespo,Frank Dick,Desiree Vardhan,Lutz Nordmann,Jose Curado 한국코칭능력개발원 2011 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.5 No.2
The strategy of the International Council for Coach Education (ICCE) has placed the development of sport coaching as a profession at the core of the mission of the organisation. The authors examine the basis for this aspiration against criteria associated with established professions, taking into account the unique features of sport coaching. It is concluded that, at a global level, sport coaching does not meet a number of the traditional hallmarks of a profession, primarily due to its current position on key descriptors such as purpose, knowledge base, organisation and ethics. In addition, the lack of fit of traditional ‘right to practice’ provisions within the established professions is identified as problematic. Sport coaching status categories include volunteer coach, professional coach, and the preparatory category of pre-coach. It is suggested that sport coaching should define its future identity as a blended professional area, operating within the wider field of sport and physical activity. A series of actions is proposed to advance the international agenda, as part of an on-going process of professionalization. The implications for the future research and strategy of ICCE are also identified.
Muhamad Jafri,Jefri S. Bale,Alionvember R. Thei 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.3
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of waste valve and the delivery valve diameter on the 3-inch hydraulic ram efficiency. The waste valve is one important component of the hydraulic ram. The results showed that the diameter of the waste and delivery valves greatly affect the efficiency of hydraulic ram. The highest D’Aubuisson efficiency was 67.66% with the waste valve diameter of contained 2.75 inches and the in the waste valve variation of 2.75 inches diameter and delivery valve diameter of 2 2 inches. The lowest efficiency was 36.14% with the waste valve diameter of 2.25 inches and the delivery valve diameter of 0.6 inches.