Effects of additional electrical stimulation and pre-rigor conditioning temperature on the ageing potential of hot-boned bovine muscles

Balan Prabhu,Farouk Mustafa M.,Staincliffe Maryann,Stuart Adam D,Kemp Robert,Craigie Cameron 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.10

Objective: The aim of this study is to characterize the impact of additional electrical stimulation (AES) and various pre-rigor holding temperatures (for 3 h) on the ageing-potential of hot boned bovine M. longissimus lumborum (LL). Methods: Paired LL loins from 12 bulls were hot-boned within 40 min of slaughter, immediate AES applied and subjected to various holding temperatures (5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C) for 3 h. Results: AES did not accelerate the rate of rigor attainment, but the 3 h pre-rigor holding temperature did. Shear force values decreased as the pre-rigor holding temperatures increased. AES and holding for 3 h (at 25°C) resulted in higher water-holding capacity. Conclusion: Data confirmed that AES did not influence the various meat quality parameters in the present study, but pre-rigor holding temperature (25°C) alone or in combination with AES resulted in superior meat quality.

Three-dimensional imaging of progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome) with unusual conjunctival findings

Balan, Preethi,Gogineni, Subhas Babu,Shetty, Shishir Ram,D'souza, Deepa Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2011 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.41 No.4

Progressive hemifacial atrophy, also known as Parry-Romberg syndrome, is an uncommon degenerative condition which is poorly defined. It is characterized by a slow and progressive atrophy affecting one side of the face. The onset usually occurs during the first two decades of life. Characteristically, the atrophy progresses slowly for several years, and then it becomes stable. Ophthalmic involvement is common, with progressive enophthalmos which is a frequent finding. Cutaneous pigmentation is common in such conditions, however its extension to the conjunctiva is rarely reported. We report a case of Parry Romberg syndrome with characteristic clinical and radiographic presentation accompanied with rare ocular findings. The clinical features, radiological findings, and differential diagnoses to be considered, and the available treatment options are discussed in this report.

Three-dimensional imaging of progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome) with unusual conjunctival findings

Preethi Balan,Subhas Babu Gogineni,Shishir Ram Shetty,Deepa D’souza 대한영상치의학회 2011 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.41 No.4

Progressive hemifacial atrophy, also known as Parry-Romberg syndrome, is an uncommon degenerative condition which is poorly defined. It is characterized by a slow and progressive atrophy affecting one side of the face. The onset usually occurs during the first two decades of life. Characteristically, the atrophy progresses slowly for several years, and then it becomes stable. Ophthalmic involvement is common, with progressive enophthalmos which is a frequent finding. Cutaneous pigmentation is common in such conditions, however its extension to the conjunctiva is rarely reported. We report a case of Parry Romberg syndrome with characteristic clinical and radiographic presentation accompanied with rare ocular findings. The clinical features, radiological findings, and differential diagnoses to be considered, and the available treatment options are discussed in this report.

Genetique and Breeding of Apricot in Romania

Viorica A. Balan,Valerica P. Tudor,Elena Topor 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Revisiting Code Normalisation for Machine Learning-based Malware Detection

Mihai-Tudor Balan,BooJoong Kang 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 2022 한국차세대컴퓨팅학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Malware detection has piqued the interest both academia and anti-malware industry as a result of the malware explosive growth over the past 20 years and the havoc that it has been able to cause. Even though in the past signature-based anti-virus systems have been successful, malware authors and cyber security experts have since been in a never-ending arms race. In order to overcome the endeavors of cyber security experts, malware authors created polymorphic, metamorphic, and oligomorphic engines for malware in order to bypass the detection of traditional anti-virus systems. As a result, cyber security experts sought to devise their best strategies for retaliating against adversary. Conventional algorithms of machine learning and more complex ones of deep learning constitute the remedy to such impediment. The major vulnerability of machine learning-based malware detection systems is represented by adversarial examples. In this paper, we propose a machine learning-based malware detection system that is resistant to adversarial malware by utilising code normalisation. We evaluate the impact of code normalisation in a deep learning based-malware detection system and the proposed malware detection system with the code normalisation scored 99.02% success rate.

Dynamics of Speech Perception in the Auditory-Visual Mode: An Empirical Evidence for the Management of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders

Jithin Raj Balan,Sandeep Maruthy 대한청각학회 2018 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.22 No.4

Background and Objectives: The present study probed into the relative and combined contribution of auditory and visual modalities in the speech perception of individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD). Specifically, the identification scores of consonantvowel (CV) syllables, visual enhancement (VE), and auditory enhancement in different signal to noise ratios (SNRs) were compared with that of the control group. Subjects and Methods: The study used a repeated measure standard group comparison research design. Two groups of individuals in the age range of 16 to 35 years participated in the study. The clinical group included 35 participants diagnosed as ANSD, while the control group had 35 age and gender matched individuals with typical auditory abilities. The participants were assessed for CV syllable identification in auditory only (A), visual only (V), and auditory-visual (AV) modalities. The syllables were presented in quiet and at 0 dB SNR. Results: The speech identification score was maximum in AV condition followed by A-condition and least in V condition. This was true in both the groups. The individuals with ANSD were able to make better use of visual cues than the control group, as evident in the VE score. Conclusions: The dynamics of speech perception in the AV mode is different between ANSD and control. There is definite benefit of auditory as well as visual cues to individuals with ANSD, suggesting the need to facilitate both the modalities as part of the audiological rehabilitation. Future studies can focus on independently facilitating the two modalities and testing the benefits in the AV mode of speech perception in individuals with ANSD.

Probing of Potential Luminous Bacteria in Bay of Bengal and Its Enzyme Characterization

( Senthil S Balan ),( S M Raffi ),( S Jayalakshmi ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.6

The present study dealt with the isolation, identification and enzyme characterization of potential luminous bacteria from water, sediment, squid, and cuttle fish samples of the Karaikal coast, Bay of Bengal, India during the study period September 2007 - August 2008. Bioluminescent strains were screened in SWC agar and identified using bi℃hemical tests. As Shewanella henadai was found to be the most common and abundant species with maximum light emission [69,702,240 photons per second (pps)], the optimum ranges of various physic℃hemical parameters that enhance the luciferase activity in Shewanella hanedai were worked out. The maximum luciferase activity was observed at the temperature of 25℃ (69,674,387 pps), pH of 8.0 (70,523,671 pps), salinity of 20 ppt (71,674,387 pps), incubation period of 16 h (69,895,714 pps), 4% peptone (70,895,152 pps) as nitrogen source, 0.9% glycerol (71,625,196 pps), and the ionic supplements of 0.3% CaCO3 (73,991,591 pps), 0.3% K2HPO4 (73,919,915 pps), and 0.2% MgSO4 (72,161,155 pps). Shewanella hanedai was cultured at optimum ranges for luciferase enzyme characterization. From the centrifuged supernatant, the proteins were precipitated with 60% ammonium sulfate, dialyzed, and purified using anionexchange chromatography, and then luciferase was eluted with 500 mM phosphate of pH 7.0. The purified luciferase enzyme was subjected to SDS-PAGE and the molecular mass was determined as 78 kDa.

Ginsenosides analysis of New Zealand-grown forest Panax ginseng by LC-QTOF-MS/MS

Chen, Wei,Balan, Prabhu,Popovich, David G. The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

Background: Ginsenosides are the unique and bioactive components in ginseng. Ginsenosides are affected by the growing environment and conditions. In New Zealand (NZ), Panax ginseng Meyer (P. ginseng) is grown as a secondary crop under a pine tree canopy with an open-field forest environment. There is no thorough analysis reported about NZ-grown ginseng. Methods: Ginsenosides from NZ-grown P. ginseng in different parts (main root, fine root, rhizome, stem, and leaf) with different ages (6, 12, 13, and 14 years) were extracted by ultrasonic extraction and characterized by Liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Twenty-one ginsenosides in these samples were accurately quantified and relatively quantified with 13 ginsenoside standards. Results: All compounds were separated in 40 min, and a total of 102 ginsenosides were identified by matching MS spectra data with 23 standard references or published known ginsenosides from P. ginseng. The quantitative results showed that the total content of ginsenosides in various parts of P. ginseng varied, which was not obviously dependent on age. In the underground parts, the 13-year-old ginseng root contained more abundant ginsenosides among tested ginseng samples, whereas in the aboveground parts, the greatest amount of ginsenosides was from the 14-year-old sample. In addition, the amount of ginsenosides is higher in the leaf and fine root and much lower in the stem than in the other parts of P. ginseng. Conclusion: This study provides the first-ever comprehensive report on NZ-grown wild simulated P. ginseng.

Relation Between Physical and Chemical Attributes at Maturity Stage for Extra-Early Ripening Apricot Cultivars

Petrisor Cristina,Balan Viorica,Moroeanu Veronica,Ivascu Antonia,Barbulescu Adela 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Application of a dislocation based model for Interstitial Free (IF) steels to typical stamping simulations

T. Carvalho Resende,T. Balan,F. Abed-Meraim,S. Bouvier,S-.S. Sablin 한국소성가공학회 2010 기타자료 Vol.2010 No.6

With a view to environmental, economic and safety concerns, car manufacturers need to design lighter and safer vehicles in ever shorter development times. In recent years, High Strength Steels (HSS) like Interstitial Free (IF) steels which have higher ratios of yield strength to elastic modulus, are increasingly used for sheet metal parts in automotive industry to meet the demands. Moreover, the application of sheet metal forming simulations has proven to be beneficial to reduce tool costs in the design stage and to optimize current processes. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is quite successful to simulate metal forming processes but accuracy largely depends on the quality of the material properties provided as input to the material model. Common phenomenological models roughly consist in the fitting of functions on experimental results and do not provide any predictive character for different metals from the same grade. Therefore, the use of accurate plasticity models based on physics would increase predictive capability, reduce parameter identification cost and allow for robust and time-effective finite element simulations. For this purpose, a 3D physically based model at large strain with dislocation density evolution approach was presented in IDDRG2009 by the authors [1]. This model allows the description of work-hardening’s behavior for different loading paths (i.e. uni-axial tensile, simple shear and Bauschinger tests) taking into account several data from microstructure (i.e. grain size, texture, etc…). The originality of this model consists in the introduction of microstructure data in a classical phenomenological model in order to achieve work-hardening’s predictive character for different metals from the same grade. Indeed, thanks to a microstructure parameter set for an Interstitial Free steel, it is possible to describe work-hardening behavior for different loading paths of other IF steels by only changing the mean grain size and the chemical composition. During sheet metal forming processes local material points may experience multi-axial and multi-path loadings. Before simulating actual industrial parts, automotive manufacturers use validation tools ? e.g. the Cross-Die stamping test. Such typical stamping tests enable the evaluation of a complex distribution of strains. The work described is an implementation [2] of a 3D dislocation based model in ABAQUS/Explicit and its validation on a Finite Element (FE) Cross-Die model. In order to assess the performance and relevance of the 3D dislocation based model in the simulation of industrial forming applications, the results of thinning profiles predicted along several directions and the strain distribution were obtained and compared with experimental results for IF steels with grain sizes varying in the 8-22μm value range.