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Balak, Naci,Isiksacan, Nilgun,Turkoglu, Recai The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.45 No.3
Objective : It is well known that changes in cerebral hemodynamics occur after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Osmo-regulation in the brain is important for maintaining a constant milieu in the central nervous system. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, early osmolarity changes after minor head injury have not been studied until now. Methods : In this study, serum osmolarity was measured in 99 patients with minor head trauma. As a control group, blood samples were drawn from 99 patients who had a minor trauma in an extremity. Serum osmolarity was estimated using a fully automatic biochemical autoanalyzer within the first 3 hours after the trauma. Results : The mean serum osmolarity levels were $286.08{\pm}10.1\;mOsm/L$ in the study group and $290.94{\pm}5.65\;mOsm/L$ in the control group (p<0.001). However, after age adjustment between the study and control groups, this statistical significance was found to be valid only for patients over 30 years of age. Conclusion : It was noted that serum osmolarity levels decrease in the first 3 hours following minor head trauma in patients over 30 years of age. Further studies into this area could provide guidance for the management/treatment of elderly patients.
Savari Valid,Balak Zohre,Shahedifar Vahideh 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.6
Few studies have been performed on ZrB2-graphite platelet composite made by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. In this research, the influence of adding graphite platelets (Gp) with and without SiC on the fracture toughness of ZrB2 ceramic was studied. The ZrB2-10Gp, ZrB2-15Gp, ZrB2-30SiC-10Gp, and ZrB2-30SiC-15Gp specimens were sintered by the SPS method at the temperature of 1850 °C for 8 min. The fracture toughness and work of fracture (WOF) were evaluated using the Single-Edge Notched Beam (SENB) technique. It was found that the fracture toughness and WOF were improved by the alone and combined addition of Gp and SiC to the monolithic ZrB2. The maximum fracture toughness of 4.8 ± 0.1 MPa m1/2 was obtained for the ZrB2-15Gp specimen. It seems that adding Gp alone was more effective in enhancing the fracture toughness of ZrB2 than the combined addition of Gp and SiC. While the addition of Gp and SiC simultaneously modified the densification behavior to reach full-densified samples.
Atypical Presentation of Orbital Pseudotumor with Visual Loss as an Initial Manifestation
Recai Turkoglu,Naci Balak 대한신경과학회 2011 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.7 No.1
Background:An orbital pseudotumor typically presents with periorbital pain, cranial nerve palsies and proptosis. Although visual deterioration is not unexpected in this pathology, its presentation solely with visual loss is unusual. Case Report:In this short report, we summarize a case of orbital pseudotumor which presented solely with a decrease in visual acuity, and discuss the clinical and radiological findings. This part can be moved to the conclusion part. However, It is also good in this location. Conclusions:In the early clinical period, an orbital pseudotumor may manifest itself solely by visual loss. It should therefore be included in the differential diagnosis of visual pathologies-even in the absence of orbital pain and symptoms related to ocular movements.
Sinterability and flexural strength of monolithic ZrB2: role of nano‑carbon black and SiC
Mostafa Shahriari Asl,Zohre Balak 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.6
In this research, synergetic and separate influence of nano-carbon black (C.Bn) and SiC on the microstructure and flexural strength of ZrB2 were investigated. So, ZrB2 and ZrB2- 30vol%-based composites containing 10 and 15 vol% C.Bn as well as ZrB2- 15 vol% SiC were fabricated via spark plasma sintering at 1850 °C for soaking time of 8 min under the applied pressure of 35 MPa. Relative density was measured by Archimedes method. Microstructural evaluation was carried out by applying the field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), and flexural strength was measured by three-point bending test. It was found the relative density improves in the presence of C.Bn and SiC especially in synergetic state so that the full densification was gained in Z30Si10C.Bn and Z30Si15C.Bn composites through their reactions with impurities at 1850 °C. In the monolithic ZrB2 system, the C.Bn addition improves the flexural strength slightly to 300 MPa and 315 MPa from 290 MPa. However, co-doped 10 vol% C.Bn with 30 vol% SiC resulted to achieve maximum flexural strength of 486 MPa in comparison with individually applying each of them (395 MPa for Z30Si and 300 MPa for Z10 C.Bn).
Azizieh, Mahdi,Mazaheri, Mojtaba,Balak, Zohre,Kafashan, Hosein,Kim, Hyoung Seop Elsevier 2018 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.712 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, in-situ magnesium matrix surface nanocomposites were prepared by adding Al particles to an as-cast pure Mg ingot using friction stir processing (FSP). The effects of the number of FSP passes, tool design, rotational and travel speeds were investigated. Microstructural investigations showed a significant grain refinement owing to dynamic recrystallization. According to scanning electron microscopy examinations and X-ray diffraction results, Al<SUB>12</SUB>Mg<SUB>17</SUB> intermetallics were formed during FSP due to chemical reaction at the Al-Mg interface. As a result of severe plastic deformation, the intermetallic particles formed at nanometre size. X-ray diffraction showed that the crystalline size of intermetallic particles reached ≤ 50nm, due to high material flow during FSP. The intermetallic formation and grain refining led to an increase in the hardness values 1.5–3 times) that of the as-cast pure Mg ingot.</P>
Azizieh, M.,Sadeghi Alavijeh, A.,Abbasi, M.,Balak, Z.,Kim, H.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.170 No.-
In this paper, microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welds of AA1100 and AZ31 were investigated to understand the effects of rotational and travel speed as well as pin position. The tensile results of welded samples revealed that the sound welds were formed when the stirring pin deviated from the centreline to the AZ31 side. The X-ray diffraction shows that Al<SUB>3</SUB>Mg<SUB>2</SUB> and Al<SUB>12</SUB>Mg<SUB>17</SUB> intermetallics formation occurs in the stir zone during the welding process. High hardness of these intermetallic phases increased the hardness of the stir zone to 110 Hv. The best tensile results were obtained in the sample processed in the range of 28-32 (rev/mm) rotational to travel speed ratio.
Unal, Olcun Umit,Oztop, Ilhan,Assoc, Tugba Kos,Turan, Nedim,Kucukoner, Mehmet,Helvaci, Kaan,Berk, Veli,Sevinc, Alper,Yildiz, Ramazan,Cinkir, Havva yesil,Tonyali, Onder,Demirci, Umut,Aktas, Bilge,Balak Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22
Background: Biliary tract cancers are rare, and surgical resection is the standard treatment at early stages. However, reports on the benefits of adjuvant treatment following surgical resection are conflicting. This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting survival and adjuvant treatments in patients with surgically treated biliary tract cancers. Materials and Methods: Patient clinical features, adjuvant treatments, and efficacy and prognostic factor data were evaluated. Survival analyses were performed using SPSS 15.0. Results: The median overall survival was 30.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 18.4-42.9 months). Median survival was 19 months (95% CI, 6-33) for patients treated with fluorouracil based chemotherapy and 53 months (95% CI, 33.2-78.8) with gemcitabine based chemotherapy(p=0.033). On univariate analysis, poor prognostic factors for survival were galbladder localization, perineural invasion, hepatic invasion, a lack of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy treatment, and a lack of lymph node dissection. On multivariate analysis, perineural invasion was a poor prognostic factor (p=0.008). Conclusions: Biliary tract cancers generally have poor prognoses. The main factors affecting survival are tumour localization, perineural invasion, hepatic invasion, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and lymph node dissection. Gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy is more effective than 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy.