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Emergency management of stroke in the era of mechanical thrombectomy
Ethan S. Brandler,Nayeem Baksh 대한응급의학회 2019 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.6 No.4
Emergency management of stroke has been directed at the delivery of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in a timely fashion. Because of the many limitations attached to the delivery of tPA and the perceived benefits accrued to tPA, its use has been limited. Mechanical thrombectomy, a far superior therapy for the largest and most disabling strokes, large vessel occlusions (LVOs), has changed the way acute strokes are managed. Aside from the rush to deliver tPA, there is now a need to identify LVO and refer those patients with LVO to physicians and facilities capable of delivering urgent thrombectomy. Other parts of emergency department management of stroke are directed at identifying and mitigating risk factors for future strokes and at preventing further damage from occurring. We review here the most recent literature supporting these advances in stroke care and present a framework for understanding the role that emergency physicians play in acute stroke care.
Comparison Study of 3-Dimensional Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Constructs
김석영,유창국,Dolores Baksh,John Davies 한국생체재료학회 2004 생체재료학회지 Vol.8 No.2
Many materials are available for osseous repair of which calcium phosphates (CP) are generally considered materials of choice as bone substitutes. As a result, they have been adopted as scaffolds for the restoration of bone stock through bone tissue engineering strategies. Five different types of porous CP scaffolds, obtained from three different sources having different macroporosities, were investigated in the work presented for their suitability as tissue engineering constructs. Among the specimens with different pore characteristics, the highest degree of interconnecting macroporosity was found in the YU scaffolds. The Zimmer and CAM Implant scaffolds demonstrated a comparable level of total porosity, but the macropores present throughout the scaffolds were not fully interconnected. XRD confirmed the biphasic composition was found in the Zimmer and CAM Implants samples and b-calcium metaphosphate in the YU sample. The YU scaffolds demonstrated in vitro bone growth throughout their entire porous network, while bone growth on the Zimmer and CAM Implants scaffolds was restricted to the outer surfaces of the samples due to the poor interconectivity. The results clearly demonstrate that the distribution of the bone formed throughout the scaffolds was a product of their macrostructure. Specifically it was concluded that, although the interconnecting macroporosity permitted 3-D cell growth, cell bridging and occlusion was observed at the CP substrate surface which has < 200 mm pore size.
Zeeshan Nawaz,Faisal Baksh,Jie Zhu,Fei Wei 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.2
The objective of this work is to discuss the performance of Pt-Sn/slit-SAPO-34 novel catalyst for selective C3–C4 dehydrogenation to corresponding light olefins. The metallic contents, acidity, active metallic sites and metallic dispersion were determined using a number of physico-chemical techniques as it gives a justification for superior catalytic activity for dehydrogenation reaction. The Pt-Sn/slit-SAPO-34 catalyst was analyzed for dehydrogenation activity under optimized operating conditions; at atmospheric pressure, hydrogen to alkane (feed) molar ratio is 0.2, weight hourly space velocity 5 h1 and temperature 585 8C. Around 40% light alkane conversion and above 95% of total olefins selectivity with 94% propene, 92% n-butene and about 84% iso-butene selectivity were achieved over Pt-Sn/slit-SAPO-34novel catalyst. The catalyst was parametrically characterized over the above said operating conditions and effects of operating conditions on product distribution were discussed. The coke formation was inherently related to catalyst activity in dehydrogenation reaction and related to surface intermetallic ensemble effects; and ultimately the prominent stakeholder in catalyst deactivation. The novel catalysts also showed very good hydrothermal stability in a continuous reaction–regeneration cycles due to silicabased acidic structure of support. The results obtained over Pt-Sn/slit-SAPO-34 novel catalyst were compared with other Pt-Sn-based ZSM-5 and SAPO-34 supported catalysts of similar active metallic content under identical operating conditions.
Birds' species diversity measurement of Uchali Wetland (Ramsar site) Pakistan
Taofik Oyedele Dauda,Md. Hafiz Baksh,Anuar Mohd. Sah Shahrul 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.2
We carried out this study to evaluate bird species diversity and to model bird species abundance using Uchali Wetland, Pakistan (32°33′N, 72°01′E). Data obtained were subjected to summary statistics, Simpson diversity, Shannon evenness index, and rank abundance curve and model. The watershed supports 25,361 birds of 47 species, which is appreciably less than the number of bird species supported by the same wetland in the past year (1991). Total evenness could be obtained as the ranks increases and this differed annually. Evenness index (EI) analysis showed that EI for 2011 was 0.0231, for 2012, it was 0.02, for 2013, it was 0.01, and for the annual mean, it was 0.046 indicating functional abundance of the species. Bird species diversity measurement could be enhanced by the use of the modified rank–abundance curve and would clearly present the true picture of the bird species abundance.
Inhibitor of MYC identified in a Kröhnke pyridine library
Hart, Jonathan R.,Garner, Amanda L.,Yu, Jing,Ito, Yoshihiro,Sun, Minghao,Ueno, Lynn,Rhee, Jin-Kyu,Baksh, Michael M.,Stefan, Eduard,Hartl, Markus,Bister, Klaus,Vogt, Peter K.,Janda, Kim D. National Academy of Sciences 2014 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.111 No.34
<P>In a fluorescence polarization screen for the MYC–MAX interaction, we have identified a novel small-molecule inhibitor of MYC, KJ-Pyr-9, from a Kröhnke pyridine library. The <I>K</I><SUB>d</SUB> of KJ-Pyr-9 for MYC in vitro is 6.5 ± 1.0 nM, as determined by backscattering interferometry; KJ-Pyr-9 also interferes with MYC–MAX complex formation in the cell, as shown in a protein fragment complementation assay. KJ-Pyr-9 specifically inhibits MYC-induced oncogenic transformation in cell culture; it has no or only weak effects on the oncogenic activity of several unrelated oncoproteins. KJ-Pyr-9 preferentially interferes with the proliferation of MYC-overexpressing human and avian cells and specifically reduces the MYC-driven transcriptional signature. In vivo, KJ-Pyr-9 effectively blocks the growth of a xenotransplant of MYC-amplified human cancer cells.</P>