3D-CT를 이용한 골격성 III급 개방교합자의 악교정 수술 전, 후 설골 및 상기도의 변화

이윤섭,백형선,이기준,유형석 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.2

본 연구는 골격성 III급 개방교합자의 악교정 수술 전, 후 설골과 상기도의 변화를 3D-CT를 이용하여 관찰하고 이를 정상교합자와 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 전치부 개방교합을 동반한 골격성 III급 부정교합으로 진단되어 악교정 수술을 받은 환자 중 12명을 선정 후, 3D-CT를 통해 설골과 상기도의 3차원 입체영상을 분석하여, 악교정 수술 전, 후의 설골의 위치 변화 및 상기도의 부피 변화를 살펴보고, 이의 결과를 정상교합자 10명과 비교하였다. 설골은 골격성 III급 개방교합군에서 악교정 수술 전에 정상교합군의 설골에 비해 전방에 위치하고 있었고 악교정 수술 후 설골은 후, 상방으로 변화하였으나 유의성은 관찰되지 않았다. Hyoid plane과 mandibular plane이 이루는 각은 악교정 수술 전의 골격성 III급 개방교합군이 정상교합군보다 큰 값을 나타내었고, 악교정 수술 후에는 그 차이가 더욱 증가하였다. 골격성 III급 개방교합군의 상기도 부피는 정상교합자보다 작으며 이는, 악교정수술 후에 더욱 감소하였다. 3차원 영상 분석 결과, 골격성 III급 개방교합자의 상기도는 정상교합자에 비해 좁으며, 하악골 후퇴술 이후 더욱 감소하기 때문에 이는 수술적 개선의 안정성에 영향을 줄 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural changes of the hyoid bone and upper airway after orthognathic surgery for skeletal class III anterior open bite patients, and make comparisons with normal occlusion. Methods: Pre- and post-operative computed tomography (CT) examinations were performed on 12 skeletal class III anterior open bite patients who were treated with mandibular setback osteotomy. Using the V-works 4.0 program, 3-dimensional images of the total skull, mandible, hyoid bone, and upper airway were evaluated. Results: In the Class III openbite group, the hyoid bone were all positioned anteriorly, compared to the Normal group (p < 0.05). The angle between the hyoid plane and mandibular plane in the Class III openbite group before surgery was greater than in the Normal group (p < 0.05), and the difference increased after surgery (p < 0.01). In the Class III openbite group, the volume of the upper airway decreased after surgery (p < 0.001) and the volume of the upper airway was smaller than the Normal group before and after surgery (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The narrow upper airway space in skeletal Class III openbite patients decreased after mandibular setback osteotomy. This may affect the post-surgical stability.

자가 두개골 이식을 이용한 단중족골증의 치료

손윤호,박재우,변진석,백봉수 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.1

Brachymetatarsia frequently affects the fourth toe, and is more common in females, The etiology is obscure but the premature closure of epiphysis results in early union and cessation of metatarsal growth. The abnormally short metatarsus is both clinically and radiographically evident with an associated shortened and contracted toe. The deformity is usually asymptomatic but produces a serious cosmetic and psychological problems. For the corrction fo brachymetatarsia, many different surgical alternatives have been presented. We adopted the modified Jinnaka's method : interposing the autogeneous cranial bone graft within the metatarsophalangeal joint of the metatarsophalangeal joint for reducing the tension dorsally on the digit. Postoperatively the short leg splont was removed two weeks after the operation. During the next four weeks, the walking cast was applied and weight bearing was begun. During recent 4 years, 9 brachymetatarsia developed in the 4th toe in 5 patients were treated with this technique and good postoperative results were achieved in cosmetic and functinal aspects. This method has following merits. 1. The cranial bone is less absorbable than the rib or iliac crest. 2. The lengthening of the dorsal skin is easily obtained by means of Z-plasty over the dorsal skin of the metatarsophalangeal joint. 3. By interposing a bone graft within the metatarsophalangeal joint, bone lengthening of two centimenters or more could be achieved and the patients could walk without fracture of the grafted bone except one toe, in which pseudojoint is formed with normal gait.

엘라스타제의 토끼에 대한 최기형시험

안병옥,백남기,이순복,김원배,양중익,이영순,임윤규 A.R. Liss 1990 ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENS AND CARCINOGENS Vol.10 No.2

보조기를 이용한 족관절 외과 골절의 비수술적 치료

최남홍,곽호윤,송백용,배상욱,이인묵,김도현 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.3

목적: 이번 연구의 목적은 보조기를 이용하여 최소 전위된 족관절 외과 골절의 보존적 치료 결과를 알아보는 것이다. 대상 및 방법: 11명 (11예)의 환자들이 수상 후 8주간 전 체중 부하 보행으로 보존적 치료를 받았다. 적응증으로는 3㎜ 이하의 골절 전위, 내과 부분의 동통과 부종이 없거나 있어도 미약한 경우, 거골의 외측 전위가 없는 경우로 삼았다. 환자들은 AOFAS (the American Orthopedic Foor and Ankle Society) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale에 의해 평가받았다. 결과: 평균 103주 (36~192주)의 추시 관찰을 하였으며, 전례에서 발목 관절의 운동 범위는 정상이었다. 평균 AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale 점수는 95점이었다. 결론: 보조기를 이용한 보존적 치료의 장점은 조기에 전 체중 부하 보행을 하며 일상생활 및 사회생활을 영위할 수 있다는 것, 환자의 편안함, 그리고 재활 치료 기간의 단축이었다. 그러므로 최소 전위된 족관절 외과 골절에 보조기를 이용한 보존적 치료는 권할만하다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of conservative treatment for minimal displaced lateral mallolar fracture using ankle brace. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients (eleven ankles) underwent conservative treatment with ankle brace for 8 weeks with full weight bearing ambulation. Inclusion criteria were minimal displacement (<3㎜) of fracture, no or mild tenderness or swelling on medial malleolar area and no lateral shift of talus. The patients were evaluated with AOFAS (the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle society) Ankle-Hindfoot scale. Result: Average follow up was 103 weeks (36~192). All cases had normal range of motion of ankle. The average score of AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot scale was 95 points. Conclusion: The advantages of conservative treatment with ankle brace were early return to daily activity and work, comfort to the patients and a short period of rehabilitation. Conservative treatment with ankle brace for minimal displaced lateral malleolar fracture is recommended.

방향족 화합물의 할로 메칠화 반응

박정서,김신종,백운필,이현주,송윤석,장정민 明知大學校 自然科學硏究所 1997 자연과학논문집 Vol.15 No.-

Biphenyl의 para position에 methylene group을 도입 시키는 방법으로 paraformaldehyde와 dimethylamine을 반응시켜 Mannich Base인 (1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-dimethyl)-dimethli amine을 합성해 보았으나, 전혀 반응이 진행되지 않았다. 즉 , Biphenyl에 강한 activating group이 없으므로 Mannich Base을 사용한 방법은 효과적이 못된다. 따라서, 다른 방법으로 biphenyl에 bromomethylation을 진행 시켜서, 두 개의 methylene group을 도입시켰다. Bromomethylation은 다음과 같이 사용하는 시약 및 실험 방법 등을 고려하여 3가지 방법으로 시도 하였다. 1)1,3,5-trioxane + HBr in AcOH + paraformaldehyde 사용법, 2)Hbr in AcOH + paraformaldehyde 사용법, 3) NaBr + H₂SO₄+paraformaldehyde 사용법, 이상의 3가지 방법 중에서 NaBr+ H₂SO₄+ paraformaldehyde 사용법이 가장 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 이러한 system에서 반응을 진행시킨 결과 69% 의 높은 수율 (87%의 purity)로 4,4'-dibromomethylbiphenyl 합성에 성공할 수 있었다. The synthetic method for the induction of methylene group on the para position of arenes is of importance. Since the weak activation effect of phenyl group on the electrophilic substitution reaction, the induction of methylene group by way of Mannich base using paraformaldehyde and dimethylamine was unsuccessful. It was found that halomethylation of byphenyl is only the way for the preparation of di-p-methylenebiphenyl. Especially, bromomethylation was turn out to be more reliable synthetic method than chloromethylation. Herein, we developed 3 protocols for the synthesis of 4,4'-dibromomethylbiphenyl. In addition, the best result was obtained using NaBr + H₂SO₄paraformaldehyde protocol in 69% yield.

Alendronate의 뼈모세포를 통한 뼈파괴세포 형성 억제 기전

김현진,김민석,김태성,이은주,박하옥,김백윤,김선헌 대한해부학회 2003 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.36 No.6

Physicochemical Properties of Waxy and Normal Maize Starches Irradiated at Various pH and Salt Concentrations

Baik, Byung-Ryol,Yu, Jin-Young,Yoon, Hyun-Seong,Lee, Ju-Woon,Byun, Myung-Woo,Baik, Byung-Kee,Lim, Seung-Taik WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Die Stärke Vol.62 No.1

<P>Waxy and normal maize starches of various pH values and salt contents were prepared, irradiated with gamma rays (5–20 kGy) and their molecular structure, pasting viscosity and rheological properties determined. Average molar mass and size of both waxy and normal maize starches decreased considerably by irradiation from >338.0×10<SUP>6</SUP> to <39.4×10<SUP>6</SUP> g/mol and from >237.5 to <125.2 nm, respectively. Adjustments of pH had little influence on the average molar mass and size of irradiated starch, whereas incorporation of salt greatly reduced the molar mass and size of irradiated waxy and normal maize starches. As the pH increased from 4 to 8, the pasting viscosity of the irradiated starches decreased from 1032 to 279 mPa s in waxy and from 699 to 381 mPa s in normal starches. Pasting viscosity of both irradiated waxy and normal starch decreased from 689 to 358 mPa s and from 327 to 184 mPa s as the salt concentration increased from 1 to 5%. The G′ of gels, determined during cooling from 90 to 10°C or storage for 8 h, decreased in irradiated waxy and normal starches by pre-conditioning at pH 8 and in irradiated waxy starches by pre-conditioning at 5% NaCl. With 5% NaCl, G′ of irradiated normal maize starch during cooling increased up to the irradiation level of 10 kGy, and increased during storage for 8 h at all levels of irradiation. Incorporated salt prior to irradiation appears to induce incremental modifications in the molecular structure, rheological and retrogradation properties of starch by boosting the degradation of molecules.</P>

Determination of Molecular Weight Distribution and Average Molecular Weights of Oligosaccharides by HPLC with a Common C18 Phase and a Mobile Phase with High Water Content

Baik, Yoon-Suk,Cheong, Won-Jo Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.5

배위체 조건 변화에 따른 성숙 및 미성숙 백서 심장 Na^+-K^+ ATPase의 Digitoxin 억제도 변화에 대한 생화학적 연구

윤경식,백행운,윤주천,송현석,이승훈,백형환,조용호 慶熙大學校 大學院 1994 高凰論集 Vol.15 No.-

The inhibition rates of digitoxin for Na^+-K_+ ATPases from adult and infant rat heart tissues were determined for a particular set of binding ligands. When ligand condition was changed, specific activities of Na^+-K^+ ATPases of whole homogenates from adult rat heart tissues were following. For 15 mM ATP 0.25 ml, 50 f mM MgCl2 0.25 ml, 1.0 M NaCl 0.25 ml, 0.1 M KCI 0.25 ml, that is [Mg/ATP/Na/K], specific activity (micromol/ Pi/mg protein/hr) was 0.741 : [Mg/ATP/K], NaCl was excluded, 0.631 : [Mg/ATP/Na], KCI was excluded, 1.126 : [Mg/ATP/Na/1M KCI], 0.1 M KCI was replaced by 1.0 M KCI, 0.148. The inhibition rates of digitoxin for Na^++K_+ ATPases from adult rat heart were less than that of infant rat. When ligand conditions were [Mg/ATP/Na], [Mg/ATP/K], the rates of inhibition were remarkably changed. Our following experimental data was showed that the specific activity of Na ATPase was inhibited the more rate in the infant rat heart tissues than adult by digitoxin. When the concentration of the Na^+ in the adult rat heart tissues was increased, binding rate of digitoxin with ATPase was decreased. When K_ in the adult rat heart tissues was increase, binding rate of digitoxin with ATPase was increase. In the views of the subunit of the Na^++K_+ ATPase in the rat heart tissues, our results suggest that the activity of ATPase and inhibition pattern by digitoxin in the infant rat was showed the same pattern of the other mammals, but that in the adult rat was showed the opposite pattern.

The Knowledge Disclosure of Patents and Its Signaling Consequences

Yoon-Suk Baik(백윤석),이호욱(토론자) 한국전략경영학회 2006 한국전략경영학회 학술대회발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

This study investigates the disclosure of enabling knowledge of patents. In the patent literature, there are two views of patent that treat the patent disclosure decision differently. The “strategic power” view of patent proposes that firms maximize the disclosure of patent knowledge since corporate patenting is for strategic purposes to enhance their power for negotiation or technology preemption, the power benefits which dominate the disclosure costs. In contrast, the “signaling” view posits that patents are signals to correct asymmetric information in the intellectual property markets, and hence, the knowledge disclosure of patents will increase with the signaling benefits countervailed by the disclosure costs. Based upon U.S. corporate patent data, we test the two recent views of patent. The data show that firm size is positively related to the information disclosure of patents. This appears to support for the strategic power view. We also find that the number of industry competitors is negatively associated with the patent disclosure, evidencing the signaling view that predicts a significant role of the disclosure costs for the patenting decision. Finally, more rather than less technology interdependence of patented technologies is positively related to the patent disclosure. This also supports for the signaling view that predicts considerable signaling benefits of patents by informing other firms of true innovation value if patented technologies are interdependent with other technologies. Overall we find that both the signaling and the strategic power view help understand firms’ patenting decision of how to disclose enabling knowledge of patents.