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전(田)·답토양(畓土壤)의 유효인산(有效燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法) 비교(比較) 연구(硏究)
박백균,윤정희,호교순,Park, Baeg-Gyoon,Yoon, Jung-Hui,Ho, Qyo-Soon 한국토양비료학회 1998 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.31 No.1
토양(土壤)의 유효인산(有效燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法)에 있어서 우리나라 토양(土壤)에 적합(適合)한 인산(燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法)을 확립(確立)하고자 밭토양과 논토양에 각각 옥수수와 벼를 재배(栽培)하여 Lancaster법(法), Olsen법(法), Bray No.1, Bray No.2법(法), Mehlich II 법(法), Calcium lactate법(法) 등(等) 6개 분석방법(分析方法)을 사용한 토양중(土壤中) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 식물체중(植物體中) 인산흡수량(燐酸吸收量)과의 관계를 비교 검토하였다. 1. 분석방법을 달리한 밭토양의 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 옥수수 식물체중(植物體中) 인산흡수량(燐酸吸收量)과의 관계(關係)는 모든 분석방법(分析方法)이 유의성(有意性) 있는 직선회귀(直線回歸) 관계(關係)를 나타내었고, 분석(分析) 방법별(方法別) 결정계수(決定係數)($R^2$) 크기는 Olsen-P $0.891^{**}$, Bray No. 2-P $0.880^{**}$, Lancaster-P $0.878^{**}$, Bray No.1-P $0.792^{**}$, Mehlich II-P $0.787^{**}$, Calcium lactate-P $0.596^{**}$이었다. 2. 논토양중 有效燐酸含量과 벼의 燐酸含量과의 關係에서 밭토양과 달리 Michaelis-Menten 式 ($Y=K_1X/(1+K_2X)$을 따랐으며 (Y, 벼의 燐酸吸收量, X ; 土壤 有效燐酸, K : 係數), 본 식에 따른 決定係數 ($R^2$)는 Lancaster-P $0.923^{**}$, Bray No.1-P $0.919^{**}$, Bray No.2-P $0.914^{**}$, Calcium lactate-P $0.769^{**}$, Olsen-P $0.712^{**}$, Mehlich II-P $0.607^{**}$이었다. To compare different methods for the determination of available soil P in the relationship between the soil P and plant uptake of P, rice and corn were cultivated in the pot filled with soils of different available P contents. The soils were taken from 20 rice fields and 20 upland soils. The available soil P were determined before the experiment by Olsen, Lancaster, Bray 1, Bray 2, Mehlich II and Calcium lactate methods and the correlations between the available soil P measured by different methods and the amount of P taken up by corn at 10 leaf stage and by rice at maximum tillering stage were investigated. In upland soils, the available P measured by all the methods was linearly regressed with high significance to the amount of P taken up by corn. The coefficients of determination($R^2$) in the regression equations ranged from 0.596(Calcium lactate method) to 0.891(Olsen method). In rice soils, the soil available P did not regressed by first-order to the amount of P taken up by rice plant, while Michaelis-Menten equation better explained the relationship between the two parameters. In the Michaelis-Menten equation the coefficients of determination for each analytical method ranged from 0.607(Mehlich II method) to 0.923(Lancaster method). Based upon these observations it is concluded that for testing of available P for corn soils Olsen, Bray 2 and Lancaster methods are equally superior to other methods. For rice soils Lancaster, Bray 1, and Bray 2 methods are better than others.
이종식,주민,박백균,Lee, Jong Sik,Min, Zhu,Park, Baeg-Gyoon 한국토양비료학회 2000 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.33 No.5
우리나라 강우의 pH 분포와 산성도 중화에 미치는 $NH_4{^+}$ 및 $Ca^{2+}$ 영향을 평가하기 위하여 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997 및 1998년 각각 5월부터 10월까지 6개월 동안 안성지역에 내린 강우의 주요 이온들의 함량을 조사한 결과, 강우의 산성도 분포는 pH 5.0~5.6의 범위가 가장 많았으며 pH 5.6 이상의 강우는 연차적으로 점차 감소하는 경향이었다. 빗물중 $SO_4{^2-}$와 $NO_3{^-}$의 당량비는 1994년 이후 점차 증가하여 빗물중에 함유된 음이온중 $SO_4{^2-}$가 차지하는 비중이 점차 높아졌다. $[H^+]+[NH_4{^+}]+[Ca^{2+}]$의 역대수 값으로 계산되는 이론적 산성도는 측정된 pH값에 비해 5.0~12.6배 높았고 대기중에 존재하는 알카리 물질들에 의한 빗물의 월별 중화력은 강우량이 많은 7월과 8월에 가장 적었다. 또한 빗물의 산성도 중화에는 $NH_4{^+}$가 $Ca^{2+}$ 보다 기여도가 컸으며, 두 이온에 의한 빗물의 중화는 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. This study was carried out to assess the neutralization ability of $NH_4{^+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$ on the acidity of rainwater in Korea. The rainwater was collected in Ansung area for six months from May to October in 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, and 1998, respectively. Rainwater were analyzed for chemical composition and their theoretical pH values were calculated. As for the results, the distribution rates of rain at the pH 5.0~5.6 range were high. The equivalent ratio of $SO_4{^2-}/NO_3{^-}$ was decreased since 1994. Theoretical acidity which was calculated by-$log([H^+]+[NH_4{^+}]+[Ca^{2+}])$ was 5.0~12.6 times higher than measured acidity in Ansung area each monitoring year. The monthly difference between measured pH and theoretical pH was lower in July and August than any other month. $NH_4{^+}$ contributed more to the neutralization of rainwater acidity than $Ca^{2+}$. And the neutralization ratio of rainwater acidity by these two ions decreased during the years from 91.8% in 1993 to 88.7% in 1998.