Effects of Jerusalem Artichoke Powder and Sodium Carbonate as Phosphate Replacers on the Quality Characteristics of Emulsified Chicken Meatballs

Burcu Ö,ztü,rk,Meltem Serdaroğ,lu 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.1

Today incorporation of natural ingredients as inorganic phosphate replacers has come into prominence as a novel research topic due to health concerns about phosphates. In this study, we aimed to investigate the quality of emulsified chicken meatballs produced with Jerusalem artichoke powder (JAP), either alone or in combination with sodium carbonate (SC) as sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) replacers. The results showed that naturally dried JAP showed favorable technological properties in terms of water-oil binding and gelling. Emulsion batters formulated with JAP-SC mixture showed lower jelly and fat separation, higher water-holding capacity and higher emulsion stability than control samples with STPP. In final product, incorporation of JAP-SC mixture increased moisture and reduced lipid and energy values, and kept the pH value similar to control. Added JAP lead to increments in b* values whereas decreases L* values. Cook yield was similar to control in phosphate-free samples formulated with JAP-SC mix. Either low or medium ratios of JAP in combination with SC managed to protect most of the sensory parameters, while sensory scores tend to decrease in samples containing high levels of JAP. Addition of JAP to formulations presented samples that have equivalent behavior to phosphates in terms of lipid oxidation. In conclusion, our study confirms that utilization of JAP in combination with SC had promising effects as phosphate replacers by presenting natural solutions and providing equivalent quality to standard phosphate containing products.

Harmanci injectivity of modules

Burcu Ungor 대한수학회 2020 대한수학회보 Vol.57 No.4

For the question ``when is $E(_RR)$ a flat left $R$-module for any ring $R$?", in this paper, we deal with a class of modules partaking in the hierarchy of injective and cotorsion modules, so-called Harmanci injective modules, which turn out by the motivation of relations among the concepts of injectivity, flatness and cotorsionness. We give some characterizations and properties of this class of modules. It is shown that the class of all Harmanci injective modules is enveloping, and forms a perfect cotorsion theory with the class of modules whose character modules are Matlis injective. For the objective we pursue, we characterize when the injective envelope of a ring as a module over itself is a flat module.

Automated Geometric Imperfection Detection and Quantification of CFS Members from Point Clouds

Burcu Güldür Erkal,Özge Gizem Çağrıcı 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.9

Cold-formed steel (CFS) has become widely used as a construction material in the last decade. Many studies have been performed to investigate the behaviour of CFS members as individual structural components. The results obtained from these studies showed that CFS members' behaviour under certain loading cases is significantly affected by the geometric imperfections present on these members. To fully understand an individual CFS member's behaviour, the effects of geometric imperfection should be taken into account. However, locating and quantifying these geometric imperfections on any CFS member is not straightforward. In this research, geometric imperfections are- detected automatically using a novel methodology. This method relies on the usage of a three-dimensional optical scanner for collecting texture-mapped point clouds of various C- and omega-sectioned CFS members. CFS members' local and global geometric imperfections are then extracted from the captured texture-mapped point clouds. The obtained results are then compared with the literature. It is observed that the geometric imperfection distributions at both local and global levels on CFS members differ significantly along each member. This differentiation is observed even for the identically dimensioned members manufactured in succession using the same machine.

Immiscibility, nucleation and mechanical properties in the lithia-baria-silica system

Burcu Ertuğ 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2018 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.19 No.5

The current work investigates the effects of nucleation heat treatments, on the microstructure and mechanical properties ofa novel silicate glass in Li2O-BaO-SiO2 system with 1 mol% P2O5 as nucleating agent. As-cast glass was exposed to nucleationheat treatments at 490-550 oC for 1-3 h. The microstructural examination was performed by SEM/EDS. The highest Vickersmicrohardness was determined to be 650 Hv for the sample heat treated at 550 oC for 1 h. The increase in the nucleation timealso affected Vickers microhardness and the highest one was determined to be 600 Hv after nucleation for 3 h. The fracturetoughness, KIC reached 2.51 MPa.m1/2 after nucleation at 550 oC for 1 h. The nucleation temperatures had a more pronouncedeffect on the fracture toughnesses in comparison to nucleation times. The indentation toughness data was used to determineWeibull parameters from Ln ln [1/(1-P)]- lnKIC plots. Weibull modulus, m of the samples nucleated at 500, 510, 530, 550 oCfor 1h. and 540 oC for 2 h. were determined similarly to be 3.8, 3.5, 4.7 and 3.9, respectively. The rest of the samples indicatedhigher Weibull moduli, which may be attributed to the formations of microcracks due to the mismatch in between newlyformed crystals and remaining glassy matrix.

Vegetable oil-based epoxy coating materials for self-healing and anticorrosive applications

Burcu Oktay,Jülide Hazal Türkcan,Oğuz Kaan Özdemir,Nilhan Kayaman‑Apohan 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.11

A new bio-based epoxy curing agent from hempseed oil was prepared in this study. The chemical structure of the curing agent was confirmed by infrared spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Soybean oil-based epoxy resin was cured with a hempseed oil-based green curing agent to prepare a series of sustainable coatings under eco-friendly conditions. The reaction of epoxy resin with anhydride groups reacted without a catalyst. The prepared sustainable coatings showed excellent scratching and adhesion resistance. In addition, the coating showed self-healing properties via dynamic transesterification bonds between the epoxy and anhydride groups. The corrosion resistance of the sustainable coatings is investigated using electrochemical measurements. It revealed that the materials have strong anti-corrosion performance. Hence, these coatings can be used as a green alternative for encapsulation-based corrosion protection systems. Furthermore, the produced materials could be used as a VOC-free coating system.

Evaluation of the alignment efficiency of nickeltitanium and copper-nickel-titanium archwires in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment over a 12-week period

Burcu Aydın,Neslihan Ebru ?enı?ık,Ozgur Ko?kanb 대한치과교정학회 2018 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.48 No.3

Objective: The aim of this trial was to compare the alignment efficiency and intermaxillary arch dimension changes of nickel-titanium (NiTi) or copper-nickeltitanium (CuNiTi) round archwires with increasing diameters applied sequentially to the mandibular arch. Methods: The initial alignment phase of fixed orthodontic treatment with NiTi or CuNiTi round archwires was studied in a randomly allocated sample of 66 patients. The NiTi group comprised 26 women, 10 men, and the CuNiTi (27℃) group comprised 20 women, 10 men. The eligibility criteria were as follows: anterior mandibular crowding of minimum 6 mm according to Little’s Irregularity Index (LII), treatment requiring no extraction of premolars, 12 to 18 years of age, permanent dentition, skeletal and dental Class I malocclusion. The main outcome measure was the alignment of the mandibular anterior dentition; the secondary outcome measure was the change in mandibular dental arch dimensions during 12 weeks. Simple randomization (allocation ratio 1:1) was used in this single-blind study. LII and mandibular arch dimensions were measured on three-dimensional digital dental models at 2-week intervals. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between NiTi and CuNiTi according to LII (p > 0.05). Intercanine and intermolar arch perimeters increased in the CuNiTi group (p < 0.001). Inter-first premolar width showed a statistically significant interaction in week × diameter × application (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The effects of NiTi and CuNiTi round archwires were similar in terms of their alignment efficiency. However, the intercanine and intermolar arch perimeters, and the inter-first premolar width changes differed between groups.

On a generalization of $\oplus$-supplemented modules

Burcu Nisanci Turkmen,Bijan Davvaz 호남수학회 2019 호남수학학술지 Vol.41 No.3

We introduce \emph{FI-$\oplus$-supplemented} modules as a proper generalization of $\oplus$-supplemented modules. We prove that; $(1)$ every finite direct sum of FI-$\oplus$-supplemented $R$-modules is an FI-$\oplus$-supplemented $R$-module for any ring $R$ ; $(2)$ if every left $R$-module is FI-$\oplus$-supplemented over a semilocal ring $R$, then $R$ is left perfect; $(3)$ if $M$ is a finitely generated torsion-free uniform $R$-module over a commutative integrally closed domain such that every direct summand of $M$ is FI-$\oplus$-supplemented, then $M$ is a direct sum of cyclic modules.

Formulating Reduced-fat Sausages with Quinoa or Teff Flours: Effects on Emulsion Characteristics and Product Quality

Burcu Ö,ztü,rk-Kerimoğ,lu,Hü,lya Serpil Kavuş,an,Damla Tabak,Meltem Serdaroğ,lu 한국축산식품학회 2020 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.40 No.5

This study dealt with the use of quinoa flour (QF) or teff flour (TF) as partial beef fat replacers in the formulation of emulsion-type sausages. A control (C) group was manufactured with 20% beef fat, while the other three groups were formulated with 10% beef fat plus 5% QF (Q), 5% TF (T), and 2.5% QF+2.5% TF (QT). Water-holding capacity of the emulsions was higher in Q (81.81%), T (82.20%), and QT (84.10%) samples than in C (64.83%) samples. Total expressible fluid and expressible fat were the lowest in Q and T samples, indicating the highest emulsion stability of those groups. Incorporation of QF and TF into formulations increased moisture and carbohydrate contents while decreased fat and energy values. Besides, the use of QF was effective to increase protein and dietary fiber contents. T sausages had lower luminosity (L*) and higher yellowness (b*) than C sausages, whilst Q sausages did not result in significant color changes. Higher cook yield values were recorded in Q (97.96%), T (98.21%), and QT (98.15%) samples compared with C (96.44%) samples. Inclusion of QF and TF to formulation led to lower hardness and gumminess, while utilization of TF was also effective to decrease chewiness. Consequently, healthier emulsified sausages were obtained by the inclusion of QF or TF that could decrease the fat content more than 50% without sacrificing overall quality, bringing advantages by quinoa over teff for increasing nutritional value and leading minimal modifications on color and texture.

Autogenous Shrinkage, Pozzolanic Activity and Mechanical Properties of Metakaolin Blended Cementitious Materials

Burcu Akcay,Mehmet Ali Tasdemir 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.11

In the literature, there are some conflicting results regarding the influence of metakaolin (MK) addition on autogenous shrinkage behavior of cementitious materials. In this study, with the aim of identifying how the use of MK changes the properties of cementitious materials, cement was partially replaced by MK in different proportions (8%, 16%, and 24%) in pastes produced with variable water/binder ratios (w/b; 0.28, 0.35 and 0.42). The temperature development and calcium hydroxide consumption by thermogravimetric analysis were observed to better characterize the effects of MK on the autogenous shrinkage behavior. The mechanical properties such as compressive strength and flexural strength were experimentally investigated. The results show that the addition of MK has contrasting effects on autogenous shrinkage during early ages depending on the w/b ratio. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the amount of stratlingite was smaller in pastes with low w/b ratios than in pastes with high w/b ratio. The calcium hydroxide consumption with the pozzolanic reaction of MK was significant even at 2 days, but consumption ratios with respect to the reference paste slowed down at 7 to 28 days.

Anesthetics and red blood cell rheology

Burcu Aydogan,Sami Aydogan 한국유변학회 2014 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.26 No.2

There are many conditions where it is useful for anesthetists to have a knowledge of blood rheology.Bloodrheology plays an important role in numerous clinical situations.Hemorheologic changes may significantlyaffect the induction and recovery times with anesthetic agents.But also, hemorheologic factors are directlyor indirectly affected by many anesthetic agents or their metabolites.In this review, the blood rheology withspecial emphasis on its application in anesthesiology, the importance hemorheological parameters in anesthesiologyand also the effect of some anesthetic substances on red blood cell rheology were presented.