http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Boyoung Kim(Boyoung Kim) People&Global Business Association 2023 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.28 No.1
Purpose: This study investigates the impact of three actors that influence entrepreneur mentoring—mentor, mentee, and operating agency—on mentoring effectiveness within the context of formal mentoring in Korea. Specifically, the study considers the characteristics of the mentee, mentoring functions provided by the mentor, and support from the operating agency as antecedents to explain the perceived mentoring effectiveness of the mentee. Design/methodology/approach: I conducted two studies. Study 1 involves data from mentees participating in the entrepreneur mentoring program hosted by the Korea Venture Business Association from March to June 2018. Data for Study 2 was collected from mentees participating in the mentoring program hosted by incubating center of university located in South Korea from November to October 2022. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the hypotheses. Findings: First, Study 1 shows that willingness to receive mentoring positively affects entrepreneurial competence improvement, but this impact was insignificant in Study 2. Second, the problem-solving function provided by the mentor presents a significant positive effect on both mentoring satisfaction and entrepreneurial competence improvement. Third, the motivating function undertaken by a mentor only has a significant positive effect on improving entrepreneurial competence in Study 1. This motivating function positively affects mentoring satisfaction and entrepreneur competence improvement in Study 2. Fourth, support from the operating agency has a significant positive impact on both mentoring satisfaction and improving entrepreneurial competence after controlling for the mentor and mentee effects. Research limitations/implications: This study provides a theoretical contribution to the research on entrepreneur mentoring. In this regard, it suggests three actors-based models of mentoring effectiveness and practical implications for organizations executing entrepreneurship mentoring programs. Accordingly, it confirms that the operating agency’s managerial role is necessary for enhancing entrepreneur mentoring effectiveness. Originality/value: Entrepreneur mentoring is implemented via formal mentoring in many developing countries. However, little attention has been paid to the operating agency as the primary determinant affecting mentoring effectiveness. The current study addresses this gap by examining the effects of three actors in formal mentoring— mentee, mentor, and operating agency—on the mentee’s perceived mentoring effectiveness.
Kim, In-Soo,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Yu, Hee Tae,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Uhm, Jae-Sun,Kim, Jong-Youn,Joung, Boyoung,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,Pak, Hui-Nam Elsevier 2019 Journal of cardiology Vol.73 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Amiodarone, which inhibits CYP2C9 and P-glycoprotein, is commonly prescribed with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and polypharmacy in high-risk atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. We studied efficacy and safety of NOACs in AF patients receiving amiodarone, P-glycoprotein inhibitor, or polypharmacy.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>After a systematic database search (Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science), four phase-III randomized trials comparing NOACs and warfarin in “with/without amiodarone,” “with/without P-glycoprotein inhibitors,” or “with/without multiple (≥5, polypharmacy) concomitant drugs” subgroups were included. The outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model to determine the relative risks (RRs) for stroke/systemic thromboembolism (SSTE), major bleeding (MB), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and all-cause mortality.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Among patients taking amiodarone, superiority of NOACs over warfarin in non-amiodarone users disappeared in terms of SSTE (<I>p</I> =0.11), MB (<I>p</I> =0.95), ICH (<I>p</I> =0.26), and mortality (<I>p</I> =0.32). No safety benefit (MB) of NOACs compared to warfarin was shown in patients taking P-glycoprotein inhibitors (<I>p</I> =0.47), but SSTE prevention was still superior with NOACs compared to warfarin in the same patient group [RR=0.78 (0.61–0.99), <I>p</I> =0.04, I<SUP>2</SUP> =11%]. In AF patients with polypharmacy, NOACs showed a lower risk of SSTE [RR=0.82 (0.71–0.96), <I>p</I> =0.01, <I>I</I> <SUP>2</SUP> =0%] and mortality [RR=0.91 (0.83–0.99), <I>p</I> =0.04, <I>I</I> <SUP>2</SUP> =0%], but not MB (<I>p</I> =0.81) compared to warfarin.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>NOACs were equivalent to warfarin among AF patients with concomitant amiodarone use in terms of efficacy, safety, and mortality. There was no safety benefit of NOACs over warfarin in patients using polypharmacy or P-glycoprotein inhibitors.</P> <P><B>Systematic review registration</B></P> <P>The protocol of this meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO under CRD42018104808 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42018104808).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with amiodarone, non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) showed no benefits compared to warfarin. </LI> <LI> In AF patients with P-glycoprotein inhibitor (P-gp inhibitors), NOAC showed no safety benefits over warfarin. </LI> <LI> NOAC is more effective over warfarin in AF patients with P-gp inhibitor. </LI> <LI> In AF patients with polypharmacy, NOAC showed no safety benefits over warfarin. </LI> <LI> NOAC is more effective over warfarin in AF patients with polypharmacy. </LI> </UL> </P>
Cost-Effectiveness of Rivaroxaban Compared to Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
Kim, Hyunmee,Kim, Hyeongsoo,Cho, Seong-Kyung,Kim, Jin-Bae,Joung, Boyoung,Kim, Changsoo The Korean Society of Cardiology 2019 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.49 No.3
<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>Rivaroxaban is noninferior to warfarin for preventing stroke or systemic embolism in patients with high-risk atrial fibrillation (AF) and is associated with a lower rate of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). We assessed the cost-effectiveness of rivaroxaban compared to adjusted-dose warfarin for the prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular AF.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We built a Markov model using the Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service database. The base-case analysis assumed a cohort of patients with prevalent AF who were aged 18 years or older without contraindications to anticoagulation.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Number of patients with CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>-VASc scores 0, 1 and ≥2 were 56 (0.2%), 1,944 (6.3%) and 28,650 (93.5%), respectively. In patients with CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>-VASc scores ≥2, the incidence rate of ischemic stroke was 3.11% and 3.76% in warfarin and rivaroxaban groups, respectively. The incidence rates of ICH were 0.42% and 0.15%, and those of gastrointestinal bleeding were 0.32% and 0.15% in warfarin and rivaroxaban, respectively. Patients with AF treated with rivaroxaban lived an average of 11.8 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) at a lifetime treatment cost of $20,886. Those receiving warfarin lived an average of 11.4 QALYs and incurred costs of $17,151. Patients with rivaroxaban gained an additional 0.4 QALYs over a lifetime with an additional cost of $3,735, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $9,707 per QALY.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Patients who had been treated with rivaroxaban may be a cost-effective alternative to warfarin for stroke prevention in Korean patients with AF.</P>
Ideal Blood Pressure in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Kim, Daehoon,Yang, Pil-Sung,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Jang, Eunsun,Shin, Hyejung,Kim, Ha Yan,Yu, Hee Tae,Uhm, Jae-Sun,Kim, Jong-Youn,Pak, Hui-Nam,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,Joung, Boyoung,Lip, Gregory Y.H. Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY - Vol.72 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Guideline for High Blood Pressure in Adults redefined hypertension as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg. The optimal BP for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is uncertain.</P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>The goal of this study was to investigate the impacts of the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and to determine the ideal BP threshold for the management of high BP in patients with AF.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>This study analyzed data for 298,374 Korean adults with oral anticoagulant–naive, nonvalvular AF obtained from the National Health Insurance Service database from 2005 to 2015.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>According to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure guideline, 62.2% of the individuals in our sample had hypertension. After applying the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline, 79.4% had hypertension, including 17.2% with newly redefined hypertension (130 to 139/80 to 89 mm Hg). Those with newly redefined hypertension had greater risks of major cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 1.04 to 1.10; p < 0.001), ischemic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and heart failure admission, compared with nonhypertensive patients (<130/80 mm Hg). Among patients with AF undergoing hypertension treatment, patients with BP ≥130/80 mm Hg or <120/80 mm Hg were at significantly higher risks of major cardiovascular events than patients with BP of 120 to 129/<80 mm Hg.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Patients with AF and newly redefined hypertension according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline were at higher risk of major cardiovascular events, suggesting that the new BP threshold is beneficial for timely diagnosis and intervention. BP of 120 to 129/<80 mm Hg was the optimal BP treatment target for patients with AF undergoing hypertension treatment.</P> <P><B>Central Illustration</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>