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Korea’s Tariff Rate Quota System: Impact of the Doha Development Agenda Proposals
임송수,DAVID BLANDFORD 한국무역학회 2009 Journal of Korea trade Vol.13 No.2
The analysis in this paper shows that quota administration methods have a significant impact on fill rates for Korea’s TRQs. The proposed introduction of an under-fill mechanism in current Doha Round WTO negotiations, with a benchmark fill rate of 65 percent is likely to have important implications for Korea. According to our analysis, roughly 30 percent of current TRQ products would need to have increased imports. Static analysis using a tariff-quota equivalency test sheds light on whether it would be in Korea’s interest to use the sensitive products’ provisions in the draft agreement on agriculture to limit reductions in out-of-quota tariffs. Our analysis suggests that if Korea wishes to pursue the objective of minimizing import competition, it will need to give careful consideration to the choice of sensitive products. It may be preferable to implement the proposed reduction in tariffs in full for some products, rather than adopting smaller tariff reductions and increasing TRQs, particularly given the greater scrutiny that is proposed for fill rates under the proposed Doha Round agriculture agreement.
Lab scale electrochemical codeposition experiments for comparison to computational predictions
Lafreniere, Philip,Zhang, Chao,Simpson, Michael,Blandford, Edward D. Korean Nuclear Society 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.9
Signature-based safeguards (SBS) is being developed to assist tradition nuclear material accountancy methods in tracking material in pyroprocessing facilities. SBS involves identifying off-normal scenarios that would result in improper movement of material in a pyroprocessing facilities and determining associated sensor response signatures. SBS investigations are undertaken in the computational space utilizing an electrochemical transport code known as enhanced REFIN with anodic dissolution (ERAD) to calculate the affect of off-normal conditions in the electrorefiner (ER) on material movement. Work is undertaken to experimentally validate the predictions and assumptions made by ERAD for off-normal occurrences. These experiments were undertaken on a benchtop scale and involved operating an electrochemical cell at 10 separate current densities for constant current operations to deposit U and Gd at a W cathode. These experiments were then modeled using ERAD to compare calculated predictions versus analytical experimental results it was found. It was discovered both the experimental and calculated results reflect a trend of increased codeposition of U and Gd with increasing current density. ERAD was thus demonstrated to be useful for predicting trends from anomalous operation but will require further optimization to be utilized as a quantitative design tool.