Investigating production parameters and impacts of potential emissions from soybean biodiesel stored under different conditions

Ayodeji Ayodele Ayoola,David Olalekan Adeniyi,Samuel Eshorame Sanni,Kamsiyonna Ikenna Osakwe,Jennifer Doom Jato 대한환경공학회 2018 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.23 No.1

Biodiesel production parameters and the impact analysis of the potential emissions from both soybean biodiesel and washing water stored in three different environmental conditions were investigated. The effects of the reaction temperature, methanol/oil mole ratio and catalyst concentration on biodiesel yield were considered. And the results showed optimum biodiesel yield of 99% obtained at 54°C, 7 methanol/oil mole ratio and 0.4 wt/wt % catalyst concentration. The potential emissions from both the biodiesel produced and washing water stored (for six weeks) in refrigerator (≤ 10°C), vacuum (50 kPa) and direct exposure to atmosphere were identified and quantified. Impact analysis of the emissions involved their categorization into: terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication, human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, climate change and freshwater ecotoxicity. Freshwater ecotoxicity category had the most pronounced negative impact of the potential emissions with 5.237710<SUP>-2</SUP> kg 1,4-DB eq. emissions in Atmosphere, 4.702610<SUP>-2</SUP> kg 1,4-DB eq. emissions in Refrigerator and 3.966110<SUP>-2</SUP> kg 1,4-DB eq. emissions in Vacuum. Climate change had the least effect of the emissions with 6.21410<SUP>-6</SUP> kg CO₂ eq. in Atmosphere, 3.9310<SUP>-6</SUP> kg CO₂ eq. in Refrigerator and 1.6710-6 kg CO₂ eq. in Vacuum. The study showed that the order of preference of the storage environments of biodiesel is vacuum environment, refrigerated condition and exposure to atmosphere.

Synergistic Action of Virgin Coconut Oil and Clomiphene in Reversing Endocrine Dysregulation in Letrozole-Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nrf2/HMOX-1 Pathway

Ayodeji J. Ajibare,Olabode O. Akintoye,Ademola C. Famurewa,Moshood A. Folawiyo,Abraham Olufemi Asuku,Olawande D. Bamisi,Oyedoyin Eunice Oyegbola,Christopher O. Akintayo,Babatunde A. Olofinbiyi,Olaposi 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.9

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women’s reproductive age. Currently, thepathophysiology of PCOS is unclear, and the limited treatment options are unsatisfactory. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) isfunctional food oil associated with pharmacological effects in reproductive disorders. Therefore, we aimed to evaluatewhether VCO could enhance clomiphene (CLO) therapy against PCOS in female rats. Rats were randomly divided: (1)Control, (2) PCOS model, (3) PCOS + CLO, (4) PCOS + VCO, and (5) PCOS + CLO + VCO. The PCOS was induced viadaily letrozole (1 mg/kg, orally) administration for 21 days. After the PCOS induction, CLO, VCO, and CLO + VCO wereadministered from days 22 to 36. Serum levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin were estimated. Polymerase chainreaction gene expression for nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), glutathionereductase (GSR), LH receptor (LHr), androgen receptor (AR), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-1b (IL-1b),and caspase-3 were analyzed. The letrozole-induced PCOS caused considerable increases in GnRH, LH, prolactin, estrogen,and testosterone, whereas FSH decreased significantly compared to the control. The gene expression of Nrf2, HO-1, CAT, andGSR were markedly diminished, while IL-1b, TNF-a, caspase-3, AR, and LHr prominently increased compared to control. Interestingly, the CLO and VCO separately exerted anti-inflammatory and endocrine balance effects. However, VCOenhancedCLO effect in LH, prolactin and testosterone, Nrf2, HO-1, CAT, GSR, and AR. VCO may synergize with CLO todepress hyperandrogenism and oxidative inflammation in PCOS.

Study on The Bandwidth of Plate Dipole Antennas of Various Shapes

Ayodeji M. Monebi · Ahn, Bierng Chearl 충북대학교 컴퓨터정보통신연구소 2021 컴퓨터정보통신연구 Vol.29 No.2

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A new perspective towards the development of robust data-driven intrusion detection for industrial control systems

Ayodeji, Abiodun,Liu, Yong-kuo,Chao, Nan,Yang, Li-qun Korean Nuclear Society 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.12

Most of the machine learning-based intrusion detection tools developed for Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are trained on network packet captures, and they rely on monitoring network layer traffic alone for intrusion detection. This approach produces weak intrusion detection systems, as ICS cyber-attacks have a real and significant impact on the process variables. A limited number of researchers consider integrating process measurements. However, in complex systems, process variable changes could result from different combinations of abnormal occurrences. This paper examines recent advances in intrusion detection algorithms, their limitations, challenges and the status of their application in critical infrastructures. We also introduce the discussion on the similarities and conflicts observed in the development of machine learning tools and techniques for fault diagnosis and cybersecurity in the protection of complex systems and the need to establish a clear difference between them. As a case study, we discuss special characteristics in nuclear power control systems and the factors that constraint the direct integration of security algorithms. Moreover, we discuss data reliability issues and present references and direct URL to recent open-source data repositories to aid researchers in developing data-driven ICS intrusion detection systems.

Support vector ensemble for incipient fault diagnosis in nuclear plant components

Abiodun Ayodeji,Yong-kuo Liu 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.8

The randomness and incipient nature of certain faults in reactor systems warrant a robust and dynamicdetection mechanism. Existing models and methods for fault diagnosis using different mathematical/statistical inferences lack incipient and novel faults detection capability. To this end, we propose a faultdiagnosis method that utilizes the flexibility of data-driven Support Vector Machine (SVM) forcomponent-level fault diagnosis. The technique integrates separately-built, separately-trained, specializedSVM modules capable of component-level fault diagnosis into a coherent intelligent system, witheach SVM module monitoring sub-units of the reactor coolant system. To evaluate the model, marginalfaults selected from the failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) are simulated in the steam generator andpressure boundary of the Chinese CNP300 PWR (Qinshan I NPP) reactor coolant system, using a bestestimatethermal-hydraulic code, RELAP5/SCDAP Mod4.0. Multiclass SVM model is trained withcomponent level parameters that represent the steady state and selected faults in the components. Foroptimization purposes, we considered and compared the performances of different multiclass models inMATLAB, using different coding matrices, as well as different kernel functions on the representative dataderived from the simulation of Qinshan I NPP. An optimum predictive model - the Error CorrectingOutput Code (ECOC) with TenaryComplete coding matrix - was obtained from experiments, and utilizedto diagnose the incipient faults. Some of the important diagnostic results and heuristic model evaluationmethods are presented in this paper

Naringin from sweet orange peel improves testicular function in high fat diet-induced diabetic rats by modulating xanthine oxidase/uric acid signaling and maintaining redox balance

Kazeem Bidemi Okesina,Adeyemi Fatai Odetayo,Wale Johnson Adeyemi,Ayodeji Johnson Ajibare,Akeem Ayodeji Okesina,Luqman Aribidesi Olayaki 한국실험동물학회 2024 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.40 No.1

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder affecting many organs, including the testis. Naringin from orange peel extract (OPE) is a flavanone with fertility-enhancing properties. Hence, this study was designed to establish the effect of naringin on T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty male (30) Wistar rats were randomized into five groups control, diabetes, diabetes + naringin, diabetes + OPE, and diabetes + metformin. The administrations were via the oral route and lasted for 28 days. Results: Naringin ameliorated T2DM-induced increase in FBS and decrease in serum insulin. It also abrogated T2DM-induced decrease in sperm quality, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, naringin prevented a T2DM-induced increase in malonaldehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, xanthine oxidase (XO), and uric acid (UA), it was accompanied by the restoration of normal testicular histoarchitecture. Conclusions: Naringin prevented T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction by modulating XO/UA and restoring redox balance. Also, while the animals treated with OPE exhibited better ameliorative effects than their counterparts treated with naringin, the findings from this study showed that naringin would be a promising supplement for treating T2DM-induced male infertility. Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder affecting many organs, including the testis. Naringin from orange peel extract (OPE) is a flavanone with fertility-enhancing properties. Hence, this study was designed to establish the effect of naringin on T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction. Thirty male (30) Wistar rats were randomized into five groups control, diabetes, diabetes + naringin, diabetes + OPE, and diabetes + metformin. The administrations were via the oral route and lasted for 28 days. Results: Naringin ameliorated T2DM-induced increase in FBS and decrease in serum insulin. It also abrogated T2DM-induced decrease in sperm quality, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, naringin prevented a T2DM-induced increase in malonaldehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-reactive protein, xanthine oxidase (XO), and uric acid (UA), it was accompanied by the restoration of normal testicular histoarchitecture. Conclusions: Naringin prevented T2DM-induced testicular dysfunction by modulating XO/UA and restoring redox balance. Also, while the animals treated with OPE exhibited better ameliorative effects than their counterparts treated with naringin, the findings from this study showed that naringin would be a promising supplement for treating T2DM-induced male infertility.

Agronomic performance and combining ability estimates of yellow maize inbred lines under adequate and deficit moisture conditions

Amegbor Isaac Kodzo,Abe Ayodeji,Adjebeng-Danquah Joseph,Adu Gloria Baokyewaa,Oteng-Frimpong Richard 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.2

Breeding for drought tolerance and increased grain yield is vital in mitigating the threat posed by recurrent drought stress on maize production, as well as tackling malnutrition with plant-based food products. The study was conducted to assess the combining ability of yellow maize lines and the performance of their single-cross hybrids under drought and rain-fed conditions. A total of 24 yellow maize inbred lines from CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute Maize Improvement Programme gene pool were selected and inter-mated using North Carolina II mating design to generate 96 single-cross hybrids. The 96 hybrids together with four advanced hybrids used as checks (a total of 100 hybrids) were evaluated under drought and rain-fed conditions for two years using a 10×10 lattice design with two replications. The hybrids difered signifcantly in their grain yield (GY) and agronomic performance under the growing conditions. In the present study, drought stress reduced GY by 50.3%. The general combining ability (GCA) and specifc combining ability (SCA) for GY and its related traits were signifcant. Even though additive and non-additive gene actions controlled the inheritance of the traits, additive gene action was found to be more important than non-additive genetic efects. Hybrids 27, 81 and 68 on the other hand 89, 18 and 26 were identifed as the outstanding genotypes under drought and rain-fed conditions, respectively. These hybrids should be extensively evaluated under varied conditions and commercialized to enhance food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.

Local Condiment, Iru, Obtained from the Fermentation of Parkia biglobosa Seed Substantially Reduced the Serum Cholesterol Level of Wister Rats

Ayowole Victor Atere,Ayodeji Adedeji,Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun,Victor Olusegun Oyetayo,Felix Akinsola Akinyosoye 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.2

Hypercholesterolaemia is one of the risk factors in coronary heart disease. Hence, this research was designed to investigate the effect of iru on cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolaemic rats. The fermented condiment iru was produced naturally and with starter cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Leuconostoc sp.. The hypercholesterolaemic rats were fed a diet supplemented with iru for 28 days, and total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL) were determined before and after feeding. Cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolaemic rats (100.80 mg/dL) were reduced to 56.99∼80.21 ㎎/dL after feeding with iru supplementation while rats not placed on the iru diet had cholesterol levels of 119 ㎎/dL. There were also significant reductions (P<0.05) in serum TG (78.77∼32.57 ㎎/dL) and LDL (28.43∼6.63 ㎎/dL) levels in rats fed the iru diet compared with the control (63.36 ㎎/dL). Higher and significantly different (P<0.05) HDL was found in rats fed with iru fermented with L. plantarum (44.01 ㎎/dL) while the least was found in the untreated group (28.93 ㎎/dL). The results from this study suggest that supplementing the diet with iru obtained by the fermentation of Parkia biglobosa seeds may significantly reduce cholesterol level in the blood stream.

A Contextualization of American Pragmatism in the Evolution of Christ Apostolic Church, Nigeria

Sunday Funmilola BABALOLA,Olusegun Ayodeji Peter ALOKAN 한국외국어대학교 아프리카연구소 2016 Asian Journal of African Studies Vol.39 No.-

Pragmatism, a contemporary philosophical issue, has its origin in America, but it is not limited to America. Its development as a philosophical system of thought is traceable, among others, to Alfred North Whitehead and John Dewey. The fact that the relevance of Pragmatism cuts across cultures and nations is a major point that this paper wants to establish. This paper, therefore, seeks to discuss the origin, development, and doctrines of Christ Apostolic Church in Nigeria in the perspectives of Alfred North Whitehead and the American pragmatists, thereby, establishing that pragmatism, in its interpretation, is also relevant to issues of religious interest in Africa. American pragmatism is particularly of a great value when it comes to discussing doctrinal issues within the Church, especially the Pentecostal ones. Furthermore, the paper is a medium to advocate that pragmatism is a philosophical idea, the practice of which should be embraced, not only in America, but also in Africa. The study relies greatly on archival materials and primary sources.

Path planning in nuclear facility decommissioning: Research status, challenges, and opportunities

Adibeli, Justina Onyinyechukwu,Liu, Yong-kuo,Ayodeji, Abiodun,Awodi, Ngbede Junior Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.11

During nuclear facility decommissioning, workers are continuously exposed to high-level radiation. Hence, adequate path planning is critical to protect workers from unnecessary radiation exposure. This work discusses recent development in radioactive path planning and the algorithms recommended for the task. Specifically, we review the conventional methods for nuclear decommissioning path planning, analyze the techniques utilized in developing algorithms, and enumerate the decision factors that should be considered to optimize path planning algorithms. As a major contribution, we present the quantitative performance comparison of different algorithms utilized in solving path planning problems in nuclear decommissioning and highlight their merits and drawbacks. Also, we discuss techniques and critical consideration necessary for efficient application of robots and robotic path planning algorithms in nuclear facility decommissioning. Moreover, we analyze the influence of obstacles and the environmental/radioactive source dynamics on algorithms' efficiency. Finally, we recommend future research focus and highlight critical improvements required for the existing approaches towards a safer and cost-effective nuclear-decommissioning project.