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Serum Galectin-3 Levels in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Ümit Is¸ ık,Faruk Kılıç,Arif Demirdas¸,Evrim Aktepe,Pınar Aydog˘ an Avs¸ ar 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.3
Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with underlying pathogenesis and etiological factors not fully understood. We assumed that galectin-3, which is also linked with inflammatory responses, may play an important role in the ethiopathogenesis of ADHD. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether serum galectin-3 levels are related to ADHD in childhood. Methods The current study consisted of 35 treatment-naive children with ADHD and 35 control subjects. The severities of ADHD and conduct disorder symptoms were assessed via parent- and teacher-rated questionnaires. The severity of anxiety and depression symptoms of the children were determined by the self-report scale. Venous blood samples were collected and serum galectin-3 levels were measured. Results The ADHD group had significantly higher serum Galectin-3 levels than the control group. To control confounding factors, including age, sex, and BMI percentile, one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test was also performed. Analyses revealed a significantly higher serum log- Galectin-3 levels in children with ADHD compared to controls. No association was found between the mean serum galectin-3 levels and sociodemographic characteristics and clinical test scores, except the oppositional defiant behavior scores. Conclusion Our research supports the hypothesis that serum levels of galectin-3 might be related to ADHD.
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Fatih Sen,Samet Yılmaz,Mevlüt Serdar Kuyumcu,Özcan Özeke,Mustafa Mücahit Balcı,Sinan Aydog˘du 대한심장학회 2014 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.44 No.5
Background and Objectives: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is an angiographic finding characterized by dilation of an arterial segment with a diameter at least 1.5 times that of its adjacent normal coronary artery. Fragmented QRS (fQRS) complexes are electrocardiographic signals which reflect altered ventricular conduction around regions of a myocardial scar and/or ischaemia. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of fQRS in patients with CAE. Subjects and Methods: The study population included 100 patients with isolated CAE without coronary artery disease (CAD) and 80 angiographically normal controls. fQRS was defined as the presence of an additional R wave or notching of R or S wave or the presence of fragmentation in two contiguous leads corresponding to a major coronary artery territory. Results: The two groups were similar in terms of age, sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and family history of CAD. The presence of fQRS was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the CAE group than that in the normal coronary artery group (29% vs. 6.2%, p=0.008). Isolated CAE were detected most commonly in the right coronary artery (61%), followed by left anterior descending artery (52%), left circumflex artery (36%), and left main artery (9%). Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that CAE {odds ratio (OR) 1.412; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.085–1.541; p=0.003} and diabetes (OR 1.310; 95% CI 1.025–1.482; p=0.041) were independently associated with fQRS. Conclusion: The presence of fragmented QRS associated with increased risk for arrhythmias and cardiovascular mortality was significantly higher in patients with CAE than in patient with normal coronary artery. Further studies are needed to determine whether the presence of fragmented QRS is a possible new risk factor for patients with CAE.
KCI
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