Efficient Image Chaotic Encryption Algorithm with No Propagation Error

Abir Awad,Dounia Awad 한국전자통신연구원 2010 ETRI Journal Vol.32 No.5

Many chaos-based encryption methods have been presented and discussed in the last two decades, but very few of them are suitable to secure transmission on noisy channels or respect the standard of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This paper tackles the problem and presents a novel chaos-based cryptosystem for secure transmitted images. The proposed cryptosystem overcomes the drawbacks of existing chaotic algorithms such as the Socek, Xiang, Yang, and Wong methods. It takes advantage of the increasingly complex behavior of perturbed chaotic signals. The perturbing orbit technique improves the dynamic statistical properties of generated chaotic sequences, permits the proposed algorithm reaching higher performance, and avoids the problem of error propagation. Finally, many standard tools, such as NIST tests, are used to quantify the security level of the proposed cryptosystem, and experimental results prove that the suggested cryptosystem has a high security level, lower correlation coefficients, and improved entropy.

Monitoring Antibiotic Residues and Corresponding Antibiotic Resistance Genes in an Agroecosystem

Awad, Yasser M.,Kim, Kwon Rae,Kim, Sung-Chul,Kim, Kangjoo,Lee, Sang Ryong,Lee, Sang Soo,Ok, Yong Sik Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of chemistry Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been commonly reported due to the overuse worldwide of antibiotics. Antibiotic overuse disturbs the environment and threatens public human health. The objective of this study was to measure the residual concentrations of veterinary antibiotics in the tetracycline group (TCs), including tetracycline (TC) and chlortetracycline (CTC), as well as those in the sulfonamide group (SAs), including sulfamethazine (SMT), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and sulfathiazole (STZ). We also isolated the corresponding ARGs in the agroecosystem. Four sediment samples and two rice paddy soil samples were collected from sites near a swine composting facility along the Naerincheon River in Hongcheon, Korea. High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was employed with a solid-phase extraction method to measure the concentration of each antibiotic. ARGs were identified by the qualitative polymerase chain-reaction using synthetic primers. SAs and their corresponding ARGs were highly detected in sediment samples whereas TCs were not detected except for sediments sample #1. ARGs for TCs and SAs were detected in rice paddy soils, while ARGs for TCs were only found in sediment #2 and #4. Continuous monitoring of antibiotic residue and its comprehensive impact on the environment is needed to ensure environmental health.</P>

Fibre composite railway sleeper design by using FE approach and optimization techniques

Awad, Ziad K.,Yusaf, Talal Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.41 No.2

This research work aims to develop an optimal design using Finite Element (FE) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) methods to replace the traditional concrete and timber material by a Synthetic Polyurethane fibre glass composite material in railway sleepers. The conventional timber railway sleeper technology is associated with several technical problems related to its durability and ability to resist cutting and abrading action of the bearing plate. The use of pre-stress concrete sleeper in railway industry has many disadvantages related to the concrete material behaviour to resist dynamic stress that may lead to a significant mechanical damage with feasible fissures and cracks. Scientific researchers have recently developed a new composite material such as Glass Fibre Reinforced Polyurethane (GFRP) foam to replace the conventional one. The mechanical properties of these materials are reliable enough to help solving structural problems such as durability, light weight, long life span (50-60 years), less water absorption, provide electric insulation, excellent resistance of fatigue and ability to recycle. This paper suggests appropriate sleeper design to reduce the volume of the material. The design optimization shows that the sleeper length is more sensitive to the loading type than the other parameters.

Development of Simplified DNBR Calculation Algorithm using Model-Based Systems Engineering Methodology

Awad, Ibrahim Fathy,Jung, Jae Cheon The Korean Society of Systems Engineering 2018 시스템엔지니어링학술지 Vol.14 No.2

System Complexity one of the most common cause failure of the projects, it leads to a lack of understanding about the functions of the system. Hence, the model is developed for communication and furthermore modeling help analysis, design, and understanding of the system. On the other hand, the text-based specification is useful and easy to develop but is difficult to visualize the physical composition, structure, and behaviour or data exchange of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to transform system description into a diagram which clearly depicts the behaviour of the system as well as the interaction between components. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety Glossary, The safety system is a system important to safety, provided to ensure the safe shutdown of the reactor or the residual heat removal from the reactor core, or to limit the consequences of anticipated operational occurrences and design basis accidents. Core Protection Calculator System (CPCS) in Advanced Power Reactor 1400 (APR 1400) Nuclear Power Plant is a safety critical system. CPCS was developed using systems engineering method focusing on Departure from Nuclear Boiling Ratio (DNBR) calculation. Due to the complexity of the system, many diagrams are needed to minimize the risk of ambiguities and lack of understanding. Using Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) software for modeling the DNBR algorithm were used. These diagrams then serve as the baseline of the reverse engineering process and speeding up the development process. In addition, the use of MBSE ensures that any additional information obtained from auxiliary sources can then be input into the system model, ensuring data consistency.

Integrated Roll-Pitch-Yaw Autopilot via Equivalent Based Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Time-Varying Missile

AWAD, Ahmed,WANG, Haoping The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2017 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.18 No.4

This paper presents an integrated roll-pitch-yaw autopilot using an equivalent based sliding mode control for skid-to-turn nonlinear time-varying missile system with lumped disturbances in its six-equations of motion. The considered missile model are developed to integrate the model uncertainties, external disturbances, and parameters perturbation as lumped disturbances. Moreover, it considers the coupling effect between channels, the variation of missile velocity and parameters, and the aerodynamics nonlinearity. The presented approach is employed to achieve a good tracking performance with robustness in all missile channels simultaneously during the entire flight envelope without demand of accurate modeling or output derivative to avoid the noise existence in the real missile system. The proposed autopilot consisting of a two-loop structure, controls pitch and yaw accelerations, and stabilizes the roll angle simultaneously. The Closed loop stability is studied. Numerical simulation is provided to evaluate performance of the suggested autopilot and to compare it with an existing autopilot in the literature concerning the robustness against the lumped disturbances, and the aforesaid considerations. Finally, the proposed autopilot is integrated in a six degree of freedom flight simulation model to evaluate it with several target scenarios, and the results are shown.

Effects of polyacrylamide, biopolymer, and biochar on decomposition of soil organic matter and plant residues as determined by ¹⁴C and enzyme activities

Awad, Y.M.,Blagodatskaya, E.,Ok, Y.S.,Kuzyakov, Y. Gauthier-Villars ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 European journal of soil biology Vol.48 No.-

Application of polymers for the improvement of aggregate structure and reduction of soil erosion may alter the availability and decomposition of plant residues. In this study, we assessed the effects of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), synthesized biopolymer (BP), and biochar (BC) on the decomposition of <SUP>14</SUP>C-labeled maize residue in sandy and sandy loam soils. Specifically, PAM and BP with or without <SUP>14</SUP>C-labeled plant residue were applied at 400 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>, whereas BC was applied at 5000 kg ha<SUP>-1</SUP>, after which the soils were incubated for 80 days at 22 <SUP>o</SUP>C. Initially, plant residue decomposition was much higher in untreated sandy loam soil than in sandy soil. Nevertheless, the stimulating effects of BP and BC on the decomposition of plant residue were more pronounced in sandy soil, where it accounted for 13.4% and 23.4% of <SUP>14</SUP>C input, respectively, whereas in sandy loam soil, the acceleration of plant residue decomposition by BP and BC did not exceed 2.6% and 14.1%, respectively, compared to untreated soil with plant residue. The stimulating effects of BP and BC on the decomposition of plant residue were confirmed based on activities of β-cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and chitinase in both soils. In contrast to BC and BP, PAM did not increase the decomposition of native or added C in both soils.

A Multivariate Mixture of Linear Failure Rate Distribution in Reliability Models

Awad El-Gohary 한국신뢰성학회 2005 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.6 No.2

Estimation of Parameters in a Generalized Exponential Semi-Markov Reliability Models

Awad El-Gohary 한국신뢰성학회 2005 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.6 No.1

Response of fiber reinforced plastic chimneys to wind loads

Awad, A.S.,El Damatty, A.A.,Vickery, B.J. Techno-Press 2000 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.3 No.2

Due to their high corrosion and chemical resistance, fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) are becoming widely used as the main structural material for industrial chimneys. However, no national code currently exists for the design of such type of chimneys. The purpose of this study is to investigate analytically the response of FRP chimneys to wind loads. The classical lamination theory is used to substitute the angle-ply laminate of a FRP chimney with an equivalent orthotropic material that provides the same stiffness. Dynamic wind loads are applied to the equivalent chimney to evaluate its response to both along and across wind loads. A parametric study is then conducted to identify the material and geometric parameters affecting the response of FRP chimneys to wind loads. Unlike the across-wind response, the along-wind tip deflection is found to be highly dependent on the angle of orientation of the fibers. In general, the analysis shows that FRP chimneys are very vulnerable to across-wind oscillations resulting from the vortex shedding phenomenon.

A Mixture of Multivariate Distributions with Pareto in Reliability Models

Awad El-Gohary 한국신뢰성학회 2006 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.7 No.1