Recent Trends and Challenges in Microwave Power Dividers

Avneet Kaur,Jyoteesh Malhotra 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.8

This paper presents a review on recent trends and challenges in the development of power dividing components. Over these years, power dividers have been changing their structures and technology in order to be compatible with the newer changes adopted in designing of communication systems. From being operated as a single-frequency component to being flexible with dual-frequency bands, Wilkinson power dividers have come a long way to become an important and integral part of various RF/microwave devices. The recent technologies for cellular communication have motivated researchers to work on miniaturization and harmonic suppression of power dividers to make them more compact and efficient. Both equal and unequal power dividers are largely employed for L and S-Band applications (GSM, CDMA, Personnel communication systems). S-parameters such a return loss, insertion loss and isolation between output ports plays an important role in their designing.

Design and EM Analysis of Dual Band Hilbert Curve Based Wilkinson Power Divider

Avneet Kaur,Harsimran Singh,Jyoteesh Malhotra 한국전기전자재료학회 2016 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.17 No.5

In this paper, two configurations (T-type and Y-type) of dual band Wilkinson Power Divider based upon Hilbert curvesare presented. Formerly, the concept of Hilbert Curves was implemented in only designing microstrip antennas. Inpower dividers, this is the very first attempt of incorporating them for size reduction. In addition to this, an effect ofinculcation of high-dielectric constant layer (Hafnium-oxide, HfO2, εr= 25) between a substrate and top metallizationin both configurations was investigated. The proposed configurations are designed on a high resistive silicon substrate(HRS) for L and S bands with resonating frequencies of 1.575 and 3.4 GHz. Both configurations have return loss that isbetter than 20 dB and an insertion loss of around 6 dB; isolation better than 30 dB was achieved for both models.

An Efficient Design of a DC-Block Band Pass Filter for the L-Band

Avneet Kaur,Jyoteesh Malhotra 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.2

In this paper, three DC Block designs are presented which efficiently meet the need of modern-day compactsizewireless communication systems. As one of the important parts of a complete system design, the proposedmicrostrip-based DC block with coupled transmission lines efficiently attenuates unwanted frequencies that causedamage to the system. The compact-sized DC block structures are created by incorporating an extended coupled-linesection with a radial stub, an enveloped coupled-line section, and using alternate up-down meandering techniques. The structures are analyzed for the L-Band using a high-resistive silicon substrate. At a resonating frequency of 1.575GHz, the designed DC Block structures have a return loss better than -10 dB, an insertion loss of around -1 dB, andalso possess wide pass-band characteristics.

Implementing Particle Swarm Optimization with Aging Leader and Challengers (ALC-PSO)

Er. Avneet Kaur,Er. Mandeep Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.5

In nature, the organisms have a limited lifespan and they grow older with time. Aging is an essential process which leads to the maintenance of species diversity in environment. Every group of species is lead by a leader. As the lifespan of every organism is limited, at a certain point of its life time, the organism deteriorates and become inefficient to lead its group. In this situation, a new leader is found who can efficiently lead its group. The lifespan of the leader and its leading power is checked, if it is not efficient enough, a new challenger is found to lead the group. This aging mechanism is applied to the stochastic process of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO), in order to remove the limitations that existed in PSO such as: it gets stuck in local optima and the algorithm converges pre-maturely. When aging leader algorithm is applied to PSO, these limitations are removed in an efficient manner. This paper presents some issues that occur while designing and implementing a variant of PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) i.e. ALC-PSO (PSO with Aging Leader and Challengers) which can highly improve the performance of PSO by applying the process of aging to the members of the swarm , bringing its members to the best position.

An Efficient Design of a DC-Block Band Pass Filter for the L-Band

Kaur, Avneet,Malhotra, Jyoteesh The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.2

In this paper, three DC Block designs are presented which efficiently meet the need of modern-day compactsize wireless communication systems. As one of the important parts of a complete system design, the proposed microstrip-based DC block with coupled transmission lines efficiently attenuates unwanted frequencies that cause damage to the system. The compact-sized DC block structures are created by incorporating an extended coupled-line section with a radial stub, an enveloped coupled-line section, and using alternate up-down meandering techniques. The structures are analyzed for the L-Band using a high-resistive silicon substrate. At a resonating frequency of 1.575 GHz, the designed DC Block structures have a return loss better than -10 dB, an insertion loss of around -1 dB, and also possess wide pass-band characteristics.

Design and EM Analysis of Dual Band Hilbert Curve Based Wilkinson Power Divider

Kaur, Avneet,Singh, Harsimran,Malhotra, Jyoteesh The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2016 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.17 No.5

In this paper, two configurations (T-type and Y-type) of dual band Wilkinson Power Divider based upon Hilbert curves are presented. Formerly, the concept of Hilbert Curves was implemented in only designing microstrip antennas. In power dividers, this is the very first attempt of incorporating them for size reduction. In addition to this, an effect of inculcation of high-dielectric constant layer (Hafnium-oxide, HfO₂, ε_r= 25) between a substrate and top metallization in both configurations was investigated. The proposed configurations are designed on a high resistive silicon substrate (HRS) for L and S bands with resonating frequencies of 1.575 and 3.4 GHz. Both configurations have return loss that is better than 20 dB and an insertion loss of around 6 dB; isolation better than 30 dB was achieved for both models.

A Comprehensive Survey of Test Functions for Evaluating the Performance of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

Er. Avneet Kaur,Er. Mandeep Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.5

Test functions play an important role in validating and comparing the performance of optimization algorithms. The test functions should have some diverse properties, which can be useful in testing of any new algorithm. The efficiency, reliability and validation of optimization algorithms can be done by using a set of standard benchmarks or test functions. For any new optimization, it is necessary to validate its performance and compare it with other existing algorithms using a good set of test functions. Optimization problems are widely used in various fields of science and technology. Sometimes such problems can be very complex. Particle Swarm Optimization is a stochastic algorithm used for solving such optimization problems. This paper transplants some of the test functions which can be used to test the performance of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, in order to improve its performance and have better results. Different test functions can be used for different types of problems. These test functions have a specific range and values, which can be applied in different situations. These functions, when applied to the PSO algorithm, can give the better comparison of results. The test functions that have been the most commonly adopted to assess performance of PSO-based algorithms and details of each of them are provided, such as the search range, the position of their known optima, and other relevant properties.

ORiginal Article : Intra-Abdominal Pressure in the Early Phase of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: Canary in a Coal Mine? Results from a Rigorous Validation Protocol

( Vimal Bhandari ),( Jiten Jaipuria ),( Mohit Singh ),( Avneet Singh Chawla ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.6

Background/Aims: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is being increasingly reported in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) with worsened outcomes. The present study was undertaken to evaluate intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) as a marker of severity in the entire spectrum of acute pancreatitis and to ascertain the relationship between IAP and development of complications in patients with SAP. Methods: IAP was measured via the transvesical route by measurements performed at admission, once after control-ling pain and then every 4 hours. Data were collected on the length of the hospital stay, the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiorgan failure, the extent of necrosis, the presence of infection, pleural ef-fusion, and mortality. Results: In total, 40 patients were en-rolled and followed up for 30 days. The development of IAH was exclusively associated with SAP with an APACHE II score ≥8 and/or persistent SIRS, identifying all patients who were going to develop abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). The presence of ACS was associated with a significantly in-creased extent of pancreatic necrosis, multiple organ failure, and mortality. The mean admission IAP value did not differ significantly from the value obtained after pain control or the maximum IAP measured in the first 5 days. Conclusions: IAH is reliable marker of severe disease, and patients who mani-fest organ failure, persistent SIRS, or an Acute Physiology and Chronic health Evaluation II score ≥8 should be offered IAP surveillance. Severe pancreatitis is not a homogenous entity. (Gut Liver 2013;7:731-738)

Tobacco Cessation in India: How Can Oral Health Professionals Contribute?

Oberoi, Sukhvinder Singh,Sharma, Gaurav,Nagpal, Archana,Oberoi, Avneet Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.5

Tobacco use is described as the single most preventable cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with the World Bank predicting over 450 million tobacco-related deaths in the next fifty years. In India, the proportion of all deaths that can be attributed to tobacco use is expected to rise from 1.4% in 1990 to 13.3% in 2020 of which smoking alone will cause about 930,000 adult deaths by 2010. Many studies have shown that counseling from a health professional is an effective method of helping patients quit the tobacco habit. Tobacco cessation needs to be urgently expanded by training health professionals in providing routine clinical interventions, increasing availability and subsidies of pharmacotherapy, developing wide-reaching strategies such as quitlines, and costeffective strategies, including group interventions. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) emphasizes the vital contribution of participation of health professional bodies, as well as training and healthcare institutions in tobacco control efforts. Dentists can play an important role in helping patients quit using tobacco. One of the key strategies to reduce tobacco-related morbidity and mortality is to encourage the involvement of health professionals in tobacco-use prevention and cessation counselling. The dental office is an ideal setting for tobacco cessation services since preventive treatment services, oral screening, and patient education have always been a large part of the dental practice.