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Astrid Tabellion,Carsten Fischer,Peter Gehrke 대한치과보철학회 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.2
PURPOSE To describe and characterize the surface topography and cleanliness of CAD/CAM manufactured zirconia abutments after steaming and ultrasonic cleaning. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 12 ceramic CAD/CAM implant abutments of various manufacturers were produced and randomly divided into two groups of six samples each (control and test group). Four two-piece hybrid abutments and two one-piece abutments made of zirconium-dioxide were assessed per each group. In the control group, cleaning by steam was performed. The test group underwent an ultrasonic cleaning procedure with acetone, ethyl alcohol and antibacterial solution. Groups were subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to verify and characterize contaminant chemical characterization non-quantitatively. RESULTS All zirconia CAD/CAM abutments in the present study displayed production-induced wear particles, debris as well as organic and inorganic contaminants. The abutments of the test group showed reduction of surface contamination after undergoing an ultrasonic cleaning procedure. However, an absolute removal of pollutants could not be achieved. CONCLUSION The presence of debris on the transmucosal surface of CAD/CAM zirconia abutments of various manufacturers was confirmed. Within the limits of the study design, the results suggest that a defined ultrasonic cleaning process can be advantageously employed to reduce such debris, thus, supposedly enhancing soft tissue healing. Although the adverse long-term influence of abutment contamination on the biological stability of peri-implant tissues has been evidenced, a standardized and validated polishing and cleaning protocol still has to be implemented.
THE RECAST OF THE BRUSSELS I REGULATION
Astrid Stadler 한양대학교 법학연구소 2014 Hanyang Journal of Law Vol.1 No.-
In January 2015, a reform of the Brussels I Regulation will enter into force for the Member States of the European Union - the so-called Recast. The Brussels I Regulation which has been existing since 2001 is the most important instrument of judicial cooperation in the European Union and provides rules on international jurisdiction and for the mutual recognition and enforcement of judgments. The present article undertakes to give in its first part an overview of the state of harmonization of private international and civil procedure law in the EU and explains why it has become more and more difficult to realize far-reaching harmonization projects. In its main part, the article describes the rather ambitious efforts of the European Commission to reform the Brussels I Regulation and the final outcome of the reform process. It presents the key modifications which will come into force in 2015 and its implications, particularly with respect to third countries. There is a special focus on consumer contracts, on choice-of-forum agreements and on the interface between arbitration and the European rules on civil procedure. The author concludes that - despite the very ambitious start of the project, the Recast now presents rather cautions steps for an improvement of the judicial cooperation in the EU. It provides new and helpful rules, particularly for an efficient enforcement of choice-of-court agreements. Nevertheless, some proposed amendments such as the far-reaching abolition of grounds for non-recognition did not find their way into the final text. Against the background of the complexity of cross-border litigation the Recast is a balanced compromise.
Two Colonial Grammars : Tradition and Innovation
Astrid Alexander-Bakkerus(아스트리드 알렉산더-백커러스) 한국라틴아메리카학회 2008 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.21 No.1
The majority of the colonial grammars was written by priests, who were sent to new territories in order to christianize the native people. The colonial grammars did not appear out of thin air. They were a continuation of a long tradition. Their authors could thus fall back on older methods and on research of predecessors: Greek philosophers, Latin and mediaeval grammarians, and Antonio de Nebrija. However, the missionaries who described the native languages met all kind of phenomena they were not familiar with and for which they had to invent new methods, viz. new models and concepts. Not surprisingly, in their grammars, imitation goes hand in hand with new perceptions. The relationship between tradition and innovation is examined and explained on the basis of the following British Library manuscripts: Ms. Additional 25,322: Arte de la Lengua Cholona, written by Fray Pedro de la Mata in 1748; Ms. Egerton 2881: Lengua de Maynas, anonymous, dating from the XIIIth century.
Astrid Wonneberger 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2011 Localities Vol.- No.1
This paper explores the different approaches and analytical changes of the study of “community” since the 1920s. The major feature in this context is the changing meaning of locality, space and territory. While in many cases locality has lost some significance for the formation of communities, in others a sense of place and valuation of the local remains an important cultural factor of everyday living. This latter aspect becomes particularly obvious in times and situations of transformation of this locality, such as gentrification or other forms of urban transformation. This case study of the Dublin Docklands, characterised by waterfront regeneration since the late 1980s, brings together both perspectives: the dichotomy and co-existence of a-spatial and territory-based communities. Both old-established dockland communities with very specific relations to their built urban environment and new residents with a completely opposite sense of place are affected by dramatic urban transformations of the waterfront. The case study is therefore a good example to illustrate changing interrelations between people and place and shifting meanings of the local in a globalised era.