Factors Affecting Climate Change Accounting Disclosure Among Saudi Publicly List Firms on the Saudi Stock Exchange Market

Asaad Mubarak Hussien MUSA(Asaad Mubarak Hussien MUSA ),Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi ABDELRAHEEM(Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi ABDELRAHEEM ),Abbas Abdelrahman ADAM(Abbas Abdelrahman ADAM ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.2

This study’s goal is to investigate the effects of board size, the number of annual board meetings, the profitability of the company, and the audit Committee on the disclosure of climate change in Saudi companies listed on the stock exchange. It was conducted to evaluate affecting some factors on carbon emissions by the regression model. The study uses the content analysis method. Data was collected from the annual and sustainability reports, and the platform database Refinitiv, an LSEG (London Stock Exchange Group Company) for the period 2018 to 2021. The study sample is 51 companies. The study findings showed Saudi Arabia saw its first significant overall drop in CO2 emissions with a 22.61 MtCO2 decline (3.93%) in 2018. The study revealed a positive connection between the size of the director’s board, and the disclosure of carbon emissions in Saudi firms listed on the stock market. While other factors are not related to the number of director’s board meetings, the audit committee, and the profitability of the company on the disclosure of carbon emissions in the Saudi companies listed on the stock exchange.

Circular characteristics of the Philippine storm tracks

Asaad Al-Ahmadgaid B. 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.1

The aim of the paper is to explore the characteristics of the Philippine storm tracks using Directional or Circular Statistics. In particular, it investigates the circular distributions of the temporal and spatial variables of the cyclones, including its correlation to non-circular variables such as typhoon intensity and the corresponding central atmospheric pressure. In addition to that, circular autocorrelation function was also generated up to 12th temporal lag (or 3 days) for the spatial variables; and the classification of the Philippine storm tracks was done using hierarchical clustering. The data was taken from the Japan Meteorological Agency’s (JMA’s) Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RMSC), with time points from 1950 to 2021. The findings suggest that Circular Statistics can answer key questions that are useful for further modeling of the cyclones, specifically on identifying the appropriate model architecture and model features.

Synthesis of nanomagnetite/copper oxide/potassium carrageenan nanocomposite for the adsorption and Photo-Fenton degradation of Safranin-O: kinetic and thermodynamic studies

Asaad. F. Hassan,Laila M. Alshandoudi,Aya M. Awad,Ahmed A. Mustafa,Ghada Esmail 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.7

In the current study, a novel nanomaterial called nanomagnetite/copper oxide/potassium carrageenan nanocomposite (MKCO) was fabricated to include Fenton (nanomagnetite, NM) and Fenton-like reagent (copper oxide nanoparticles, NCO) in a matrix of potassium carrageenan biopolymer. The prepared solid materials were characterized by different physicochemical techniques, such as TGA, N2 adsorption/desorption, SEM, TEM, XRD, DRS, pHPZC, and FTIR. The prepared MKCO showed unique properties like higher specific surface area of 652.50 m2/g, pore radius of 1.19 nm, pHPZC equals 7.80, and the presence of different surface chemical functional groups. Under various application conditions, comparative experiments between Safranin-O dye (SO) adsorption and Photo-Fenton catalytic degradation were conducted. After 24 h, MKCO had a maximum adsorption capacity of 384.61 mg/g at 42 °C, while the Photo-Fenton oxidation process took only 10 min to totally decompose 93% of SO at 21 °C. Based on the higher values of correlation coefficients, Langmuir’s adsorption model is the best-fitted adsorption model for SO onto all the prepared solid materials. Studies on SO adsorption’s kinetics and thermodynamics show that it is physisorption and that it operates according to endothermic, spontaneous, and PFO model processes. While, PFO, endothermic, and non-spontaneous processes are satisfied by the catalytic decomposition of SO. After five application cycles, MKCO demonstrated good catalyst reusability with a 3.4% decrease in degrading efficiency. For lower contaminant concentrations and shorter application times, Photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of organic pollutants is more effective than adsorption.

Corruption, Terrorism and the Stock Market: The Evidence from Iraq

ASAAD, Zeravan Abdulmuhsen,MARANE, Bayar MohamedRasheed Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.10

The current study explains how corruption, terrorism, political stability and oil price has an effect on on the Iraq stock exchange utilizing corruption perception index as a proxy of corruption, global terrorism index as proxy for terrorism, political stability and oil price with ISX60 index as proxy of stock market for the period (2005-2019) using Ordinary Least Square method. The results show that the level of corruption, terrorism activities and political stability coefficient is significantly positive with Iraq stock exchange. In contrast, the oil price coefficient is significantly negative with Iraq stock exchange, which means that lower levels of corruption, less terrorism activities and more stability in political system have strong influence on stock market development in Iraq. The study concludes that the explanatory variables are important for Iraq stock exchange. Hence, the study suggests the policy makers to develop stock market by implementing policies and strategies to overcome high level of corruption, terrorism activities especially after ISIS/ISIL announcement has been made public. There is a need for transparency and creating stable political environment through good governance practices in order to attract more foreign investment and promote economic development. Factors like terrorism and corruption make economic and political systems unstable and has an adverse effect on on Iraq's stock exchange performance.

Circular characteristics of the Philippine storm tracks

Asaad Al-Ahmadgaid B. 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.2

The aim of the paper is to explore the characteristics of the Philippine storm tracks using Directional or Circular Statistics. In particular, it investigates the circular distributions of the temporal and spatial variables of the cyclones, including its correlation to non-circular variables such as typhoon intensity and the corresponding central atmospheric pressure. In addition to that, circular autocorrelation function was also generated up to 12th temporal lag (or 3 days) for the spatial variables; and the classification of the Philippine storm tracks was done using hierarchical clustering. The data was taken from the Japan Meteorological Agency’s (JMA’s) Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RMSC), with time points from 1950 to 2021. The findings suggest that Circular Statistics can answer key questions that are useful for further modeling of the cyclones, specifically on identifying the appropriate model architecture and model features.

Synergistic effect of sono-photocatalytic processes on sludge disintegration

Asaad Olabi,Sayiter Yildiz 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.8

The synergistic effect of the combination of sono-photocatalytic oxidation and Fenton reagents was investigated on sewage sludge disintegration. In this context, the simultaneous effect of ultrasound (US) and UV irradiation was studied with variable parameters such as the duration of photocatalysis, catalyst amount and different UV light. The optimum amount of TiO2 and Fenton reagent determined in the sono-photocatalytic process was kept constant. Different combinations of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) showed different degree of disintegration (DD). While H2O2 added to sono-photocatalytic application with TiO2 contributed to the increase of DD, iron addition caused a decrease in DD. This decrease was more in Fe2+ use than Fe0. DD was determined as 18.35%, 20.60% and 32.58% in TiO2/UVA, TiO2/H2O2/UVA, and TiO2/H2O2/UVA/US processes, respectively. In TiO2/UVB process DD was found to be 17.60%, while it reached 30.34% in TiO2/UVB/US, 43.82% in TiO2/CFP/UVB/US and 52.81% in TiO2/MFP/UVB/ US. In the kinetic study, it was determined that all processes comply with zeroth order kinetics. The use of ultrasound in all processes increased the germination percentage, which expresses the toxicity of the sludge, up to 100%. After sono-photocatalytic disintegration, the sludge volume decreased by 19.2% to 60% according to values of volumeweighted average. It was concluded that the sono-photocatalytic process has an important effect on sludge disintegration, which is an effective method for sludge minimization. In addition, it was determined that the synergistic effect of fenton reagents added to the process was strong and the combined use of these two processes increased the DD value from 17.60% to 52.81%.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Earning Quality: Empirical Evidence from Commercial Banks in Saudi Arabia

MUSA, Asaad Mubarak Hussien,ABDELRAHEEM, Abubkr Ahmed Elhadi Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.6

This study aims to investigate the impact of the Corona pandemic on the earning quality (EQ) of Saudi national banks. It was conducted to evaluate the measurement of the earning quality based on the Penman approach. The researchers used the analytical method to conduct the study to find the effect of this Pandemic. Data was collected from the annual reports for the period 2010 to 2020 from Saudi national banks, which are twelve according to the annual report for the Saudi central bank, and eight of them were selected as a sample of the study. The banks are Alinma Bank, Al Rajhi Bank, Bank Al Bilad, The National Commercial Bank, Bank Aljazeera, Riyad Bank, Samba Financial Group (Samba), and Arab National Bank. The study findings showed that the Corona pandemic had a negative impact on the Saudi economy, and led to deflation in 2020 by 4.1% due to the oil sector. They also showed reducing oil production by the (OPEC +) agreement to achieve stability in the oil market and the non-oil sector. It was also revealed that the profits of Saudi commercial banks in 2020 decreased by 23.1% and that the Corona pandemic had Caused the earning quality to decline in all the studied banks.

New constitutive models for non linear analysis of high strength fibrous reinforced concrete slabs

Ahmed Asaad Yaseen,Ayad A. Abdul-Razzak 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.82 No.1

The main goal of this study is to prepare a program for analyzing High Strength Steel Fibrous Reinforced Concrete (HSSFRC) slabs and predict the response and strength of the slab instead of preparing a prototype and testing it in the laboratory. For this purpose, new equations are proposed to represent the material properties of High Strength Steel Fibrous Reinforced Concrete. The proposed equations obtained from performing regression analysis on many experimental results using statistical programs. The finite element method is adopted for non-linear analysis of the slabs. The eight-node “Serendipity element” (3 DoF) is chosen to represent the concrete. The layered approach is adopted for concrete elements and the steel reinforcement is represented by a smeared layer. The compression properties of the concrete are modeled by a work hardening plasticity approach and the yield condition is determined depending on the first two stress invariants. A tensile strength criterion is adopted in order to estimate the cracks propagation. many experimental results for testing slabs are compared with the numerical results of the present study and a good agreement is achieved regarding load-deflection curves and crack pattern. The response of the load deflection curve is slightly stiff at the beginning because the creep effect is not considered in this study and for assuming perfect bond between the steel reinforcement and the concrete, however, a great agreement is achieved between the ultimate load from the present study and experimental results. For the models of the tension stiffening and cracked shear modulus, the value of Bg and Bt (Where Bg and Bt are the curvature factor for the cracked shear modulus and tension stiffening models respectively) equal to 0.005 give good results compared with experimental result.

TOURISM SHARING ECONOMY ANDWELLBEING

Yousra Asaad,Yi-Chuan Wang 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Ever since the notion of a sharing economy was highlighted by Time Magazine as one of the ten ideas that will one day change the world, there has been a significant increase in scholarly attention dedicated to investigating the impact sharing economies will have on individuals, organizations and society as a whole. Particularly, sharing economy has revolutionized the landscape of the tourism industry through Airbnb (Fang, Ye, & Law, 2016). Academic research has focused on studying consumption practices and behaviors from a recipient perspective, but relatively little attention has been given to understand what impacts sharing economy has, from a sharer point of view (Fagerstrøm, Pawar, Sigurdsson, Foxall, & Yani-de-Soriano, 2017). Specifically, the existing literature has yet to explore in what ways and to what extent sharers are engaged with sharing economy platforms, and explore what consequences accrue from engaging in sharing economy activities. As a result, this paper seeks to fill this gap by proposing a framework drawing on self-determination theory (SDT), in conjunction with a tourism well-being perspective to examine how sharers’ perception of extrinsic rewards indirectly influences their well-being through the mediating role of engagement in tourism sharing economy activities. Data from Airbnb hosts in London were analyzed through PLS. The findings show that hosts’ engagement with Airbnb fully mediates the relationship between extrinsic rewards and their wellbeing. In other words, extrinsic rewards from using the sharing platform have a positive effect on sharers’ engagement in sharing economy activities (Tussyadiah & Pesonen, 2016; Guttentag, 2015). In turn, engagement in sharing economy activities has been found to have a positive effect on the sharers’ well-being (Kim, Uysal, & Sirgy, 2013; Ganju, Pavlou, & Banker, 2016). The paper has some important managerial implications.

Improved corrosion resistance of mild steel against acid activation: Impact of novel Elaeis guineensis and silver nanoparticles

Mohammad Ali Asaad,Noor Nabilah Sarbini,Arizu Sulaiman,Mohammad Ismail,Ghasan Fahim Huseien,Zaiton Abdul Majid,Pandian Bothi Raja 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.63 No.-

Influence of novel green Elaeis guineensis (EG) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the improved corrosion resistance of mild steel against acute acid attack is reported. Such EG/AgNPs were synthesized from palm oil leaf extracts and used as inhibitor with varying contents to inspect the feasibility of modifying the acid (1 M HCl(aq)) mediated anti-corrosion behaviour of mild steel. The structural and morphological properties of the extracted EG/AgNPs inhibitor (in powder form) were determined using TEM, XRD, and EDX analyses. Furthermore, the acid solution exposed mild steel specimens were characterized via FESEM, EDX, AFM, XRD, weight loss, polarization and electrochemical impedance measurements. Mild steel surface was found to adsorb the EG/AgNPs and formed a protective film advantageous for inhibiting the acid attack. Steel specimen incorporated with 10% (v/v) of EG/AgNPs inhibitor revealed maximum inhibition efficiency of 94.1%.