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- 저자 : Ariyasiri (검색결과 3 건)
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Ariyasiri, Krishan,Choi, Tae-Ik,Kim, Oc-Hee,Hong, Ted Inpyo,Gerlai, Robert,Kim, Cheol-Hee Elsevier 2019 Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological Vol.88 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Social behavior is a fundamental aspect of our own species, a feature without which our society would not function. There are numerous human brain disorders associated with abnormal social behavior, among them are the autism spectrum disorders whose causal factors include a genetic component. Environmental factors, including drugs of abuse such as alcohol, also contribute to numerous abnormalities related to social behavior. Several such disorders have been modeled using laboratory animals. Perhaps one of the newest among them is the zebrafish. However, the paucity of standardized behavioral assays specifically developed for the zebrafish have hindered progress. Here, we present a newly developed zebrafish behavioral paradigm, the three-chamber social choice task. This task, which was adapted from a murine model, assesses sociality and social novelty preference in zebrafish in three phases: habituation, phase-I to evaluate sociality, and phase-II to quantify social novelty preference. Test fish are placed in the middle chamber, while conspecifics are introduced to the flanking chambers during phase-I and II. Both male and female zebrafish displayed sociality (preference for conspecifics) during phase-I and social novelty preference (preference for unfamiliar conspecifics) during phase-II. We found the paradigm to be able to detect both environmentally (alcohol) as well as genetically (targeted knock out of <I>sam2</I>) induced alterations of behavioral phenotypes. Although ethanol-treated fish displayed similar levels of sociality to those of control (not alcohol exposed) male and female zebrafish, they were found to exhibit significantly impaired social novelty preference, a finding compatible with altered motivational or perhaps mnemonic processes. Moreover, we found that knock out of <I>sam2</I>, previously shown to lead to emotional dysregulation, also disrupted social novelty preference, while leaving sociality relatively intact. We conclude that our novel behavioral paradigm is appropriate for the modeling and quantification of social behavior deficits in zebrafish.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A novel 3-chamber social choice task adopted from the mouse literature is developed for zebrafish. </LI> <LI> Preference for a conspecific, and choice between familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics are quantified. </LI> <LI> Male and female zebrafish displayed strong social behavior and social novelty preference. </LI> <LI> Ethanol treatment impaired social novelty preference but did not affect social behavior. </LI> <LI> Knock out of <I>sam2</I> gene, disrupted both social behavior and social novelty preference. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Udeni Menike,Krishan Ariyasiri,최진영,이영덕,W.D.N. Wickramaarachchi,H.K.A. Premachandra,디조이사마하나마,이지희 한국패류학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.29 No.2
Cathepsins are lysosomal /cysteine proteases belong to papain family (C1 family) that is involved in intracellular protein degradation, antigen processing, hormone maturation, and immune responses. In this study, member of cathepsin family was identified from Manila clam (Mc-Cathepsin D) and investigated the immune response against brown ring disease (BRD) causing Vibrio tapetis challenge. The identified Mc-Cathepsin D gene encodes characteristic features typical for the cathepsin family including eukaryotic and viral aspartyl protease signature domain and two highly conserved active sites (84VVFDTGSSNLWV95 and 270IADTGTSLLAG281). Moreover, MC-Cathepsin D shows higher identity values (-50-70%) and conserved amino acids with known cathepsin D members. Transcriptional results (by quantitative real-time RT-PCR) showed that Mc-Cathepsin D was expressed at higher levels in gills and hemocytes than mantle, adductor muscle, foot, and siphon. After the V. tapetis challenge under laboratory conditions, Mc-Cathepsin D mRNA was up-regulated in gills and hemocytes. Present study indicates that Mc-Cathepsin D is constitutively expressed in different tissues and potentially inducible when infecting BRD by V. tapetis. It is further suggesting that Mc-Cathepsin D may be involved in multiple role including immune response reactions against BRD.
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Targeted knockout of a chemokine-like gene increases anxiety and fear responses
Choi, Jung-Hwa,Jeong, Yun-Mi,Kim, Sujin,Lee, Boyoung,Ariyasiri, Krishan,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Jung, Seung-Hyun,Hwang, Kyu-Seok,Choi, Tae-Ik,Park, Chul O,Huh, Won-Ki,Carl, Matthias,Rosenfeld, Jill A.,Raskin, National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.5
<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Emotion-related responses, such as fear and anxiety, are important behavioral phenomena in most animal species, as well as in humans. However, the underlying mechanisms of fear and anxiety in animals and in humans are still largely unknown, and anxiety disorders continue to represent a large unmet medical need in the human clinic. Animal models may speed up discovery of these mechanisms and may also lead to betterment of human health. Herein, we report the identification of a chemokine-like gene family, <I>samdori</I> (<I>sam</I>), and present functional characterization of <I>sam2</I>. We observed increased anxiety-related responses in both zebrafish and mouse knockout models. Taken together, these results support a crucial and evolutionarily conserved role of <I>sam2</I> in regulating anxiety-like behavior.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Emotional responses, such as fear and anxiety, are fundamentally important behavioral phenomena with strong fitness components in most animal species. Anxiety-related disorders continue to represent a major unmet medical need in our society, mostly because we still do not fully understand the mechanisms of these diseases. Animal models may speed up discovery of these mechanisms. The zebrafish is a highly promising model organism in this field. Here, we report the identification of a chemokine-like gene family, <I>samdori</I> (<I>sam</I>), and present functional characterization of one of its members, <I>sam2</I>. We show exclusive mRNA expression of s<I>am2</I> in the CNS, predominantly in the dorsal habenula, telencephalon, and hypothalamus. We found knockout (KO) zebrafish to exhibit altered anxiety-related responses in the tank, scototaxis and shoaling assays, and increased <I>crh</I> mRNA expression in their hypothalamus compared with wild-type fish. To investigate generalizability of our findings to mammals, we developed a <I>Sam2</I> KO mouse and compared it to wild-type littermates. Consistent with zebrafish findings, homozygous KO mice exhibited signs of elevated anxiety. We also found bath application of purified SAM2 protein to increase inhibitory postsynaptic transmission onto CRH neurons of the paraventricular nucleus. Finally, we identified a human homolog of <I>SAM2</I>, and were able to refine a candidate gene region encompassing <I>SAM2</I>, among 21 annotated genes, which is associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder in the 12q14.1 deletion syndrome. Taken together, these results suggest a crucial and evolutionarily conserved role of <I>sam2</I> in regulating mechanisms associated with anxiety.</P></▼2>
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