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Arisa Taweekitikul,Phakamas Tanvijit,Pheeravut Tantisuvanitchkul,Prachaya Srivanitchapoom,Yuvadee Pitakpatapee,Fuengfa Khobkhun,Piyapong Akkathep 대한재활의학회 2023 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.47 No.1
Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Thai version of the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q) in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods The FOG-Q was translated into Thai according to the standard process. Fifty-six individuals with PD participated in the study. The content validity was assessed using the content validity index (CVI). The construct validity was evaluated by correlating Thai FOG-Q with Thai version of the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) items 2.13 and 3.11, Thai version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) using Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rS). The correlation between Thai FOG-Q and clinical characteristics, for example, duration of PD and modified Hoehn and Yahr (mH&Y) stage was evaluated. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated with Cronbach’s alpha (Cα) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Results The Thai FOG-Q had high content validity (CVI=0.96). The mean FOG-Q score was 9.0±4.9. The construct validity showed a strong positive correlation with MDS-UPDRS item 2.13 (rS=0.81), and moderate correlations with MDS-UPDRS item 3.11, FES-I, and TUG (rS=0.42–0.60). A negative correlation with BBS was found (rS=-0.32). It had a moderate correlation with mH&Y stage (rS=0.40). The Thai FOG-Q had good internal consistency (Cα=0.87) with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC=0.91). Conclusion The Thai FOG-Q has excellent validity and reliability. It is a useful instrument for the evaluation of FOG in individuals with PD.
Changes in the components of salivary exosomes due to initial periodontal therapy
Arisa Yamaguchi,Yuto Tsuruya,Kazuma Igarashi,Zhenyu Jin,Mizuho Yamazaki-Takai,Hideki Takai,Yohei Nakayama,Yorimasa Ogata 대한치주과학회 2023 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.53 No.5
Purpose: Exosomes are membrane vesicles that are present in body fluids and contain proteins, lipids, and microRNA (miRNA). Periodontal tissue examinations assess the degree of periodontal tissue destruction according to the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, and X-ray examinations. However, the accurate evaluation of the prognosis of periodontitis is limited. In this study, we collected saliva from patients before and after initial periodontal therapy (IPT) and compared changes in the clinical parameters of periodontitis with changes in the components of salivary exosomes. Methods: Saliva was collected from patients with stage III and IV periodontitis at the first visit and post-IPT. Exosomes were purified from the saliva, and total protein and RNA were extracted. Changes in expression levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, HSP70, and 6 kinds of miRNA were analyzed by western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Patients with increased C6 expression after IPT had significantly higher levels of periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), miR-142, and miR-144 before and after IPT than patients with decreased C6 expression after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged CD81 expression after IPT showed significantly higher PD, CAL, and PISA before IPT than after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged TSG101 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD before IPT than after IPT. Patients with increased HSP70 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD and PISA before and after IPT than patients with unchanged HSP70 after IPT. The expression levels of miR-142, miR-144, miR-200b, and miR-223 changed with changes in the levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, and HSP70 in the salivary exosomes of periodontitis patients before and after IPT. Conclusions: The expression levels of proteins and miRNAs in salivary exosomes significantly changed after IPT in periodontitis patients, suggesting that the components of exosomes could serve as biomarkers for periodontitis.
The Condition of Parking Spaces reserved for People with Disabilities in the United States
N1SHIDATE Arisa,MIZUNO Tomomi,TOKUDA Katsumi 아시아장애사회학회 2008 아시아장애사회학연구 Vol.8 No.-
The Purpose of our research is to clarify how accessible parking spaces are installed and operated in the United States. We performed surveys of Washington DC(which is a special district controlled directly by the government), and the states of New York, California, and Hawaii Standards for installation locations, number of spaces, width and signage of accessible parking spaces are provided in the ADAAG (Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities). Users of accessible parking spaces must display parking permits on their vehicles to indicate that they are entitled to use them. Those who park illegally without displaying a parking permit may have their disabled parking privileges revoked , have their car towed, be fined , or in cases of severe violations, be imprisoned . 1n every state we surveyed, accessible parking spaces were built based on ADAAG, so the parking spaces were easy to find. Furthermore, it was easy to determine whether or not vehicles were parked illegally by the presence or absence of a parking permit. For this reason, we were unable to find any illegally parked vehicles. 1n fact, with the exception of San Francisco, cases of accessible parking spaces being blocked by vehicles were rare. This was probably because sufficient spaces were prepared, so illegal parking is almost nonexistent. Japan does not have enough parking lots, so it would be difficult to increase the number of accessible parking spaces in the various parking lots. By preventing improper use of accessible parking spaces, the problem of people being unable to park may be mitigated. 1n future research, we shall consider effective methods of preventing improper use .