Antimicrobial and Micro Raman Spectroscopy of Selected Zingiberaceae Species from Northeast India

Archana Das,Latha Rangan,Vigya Kesari,Arpita Nath,Alika Khare 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.1

Antimicrobial activity of crude rhizome oils from some important members of Zingiberaceae from Northeast India was carried out in the present study. The plants used were Curcuma amada, C. longa, Zingiber moran, and Z. zerumbet. Rhizomes of the four species were collected and rhizome oil was extracted using six different polar and non-polar solvents. The antimicrobial property of the crude oil was studied against human pathogens using disc-diffusion and viability assay. The rhizome oil of all the 24 extracts exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against all pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains tested. Hydrodistilled fractions of the four species studied showed better effect among all solvents. Water extract of Z. moran was found to be the highest effective antimicrobial agent of all. Antibacterial effect of the water fractions was also characterized against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using micro Raman spectroscopy. This investigation shows that the essential oils from the wild and domestic species of the family Zingiberaceae from Northeast India are a potential source of bioactive compounds with tremendous medicinal, economic, and therapeutic value. The wild and endemic species Z. moran represents an interesting and promising source of plant-derived antimicrobial agent in the development of new drugs against pathogens.

Contribution of Clinical Archetypes, and the Challenges, towards Achieving Semantic Interoperability for EHRs

Archana Tapuria,Dipak Kalra,Shinji Kobayashi 대한의료정보학회 2013 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.19 No.4

Objectives: The objective is to introduce ‘clinical archetype’ which is a formal and agreed way of representing clinical information to ensure interoperability across and within Electronic Health Records (EHRs). The paper also aims at presenting the challenges building quality labeled clinical archetypes and the challenges towards achieving semantic interoperability between EHRs. Methods: Twenty years of international research, various European healthcare informatics projects and the pioneering work of the openEHR Foundation have led to the following results. Results: The requirements for EHR information architectures have been consolidated within ISO 18308 and adopted within the ISO 13606 EHR interoperability standard. However, a generic EHR architecture cannot ensure that the clinical meaning of information from heterogeneous sources can be reliably interpreted by receiving systems and services. Therefore, clinical models called ‘clinical archetypes’ are required to formalize the representation of clinical information within the EHR. Part 2 of ISO 13606 defines how archetypes should be formally represented. The current challenge is to grow clinical communities to build a library of clinical archetypes and to identify how evidence of best practice and multi-professional clinical consensus should best be combined to define archetypes at the optimal level of granularity and specificity and quality label them for wide adoption. Standardizing clinical terms within EHRs using clinical terminology like Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms is also a challenge. Conclusions: Clinical archetypes would play an important role in achieving semantic interoperability within EHRs. Attempts are being made in exploring the design and adoption challenges for clinical archetypes.

Treatment of monazite processed effluent to recover rare earth metals (REMs)

Archana Kumari,Sunidhi Singh,Kavita Parmar,Devendra Deo Pathak,Manis Kumar Jha 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.83 No.-

Improper disposal of effluent generated in rare earth mining areas and ore processing industries resultsin loss of REMs and miserably affects the ecosystem. Thus, their appropriate treatment is required, whichcan be achieved via environmentally feasible processes. In this connection, systematic scientificadsorption studies were carried out to separate REMs using cationic resin, Amberlite IR120 Na from theeffluent generated during monazite processing for REMs recovery. To optimize feasible conditions forREMs recovery, bench scale studies were carried out varying different process parameters viz. pH, contacttime, resin dose, etc. It was observed that adsorption of 92.63% La, 92.79% Ce, 91.45% Nd, 90.95% Pr and95.09% Sm was achieved at aqueous/ resin (A/R) ratio 25 mL/g, pH 1.3 and contact time 10 min. Loadingcapacity of resin was found to hold 48.57 mg REMs/g resin. The adsorption data followed the second orderreaction ((t/q) = (1/h) + (1/qe)(t)) and Langmuir adsorption isotherm (1/q = [(1/k1 qm)(1/Ce)] + (1/qm)). The loaded REMs was effectively eluted using 15% H2SO4 in 10 min. The REMs enriched solution wastreated to get pure REM oxides as precipitate. This technical application will be useful for REMs recoveryas well as to mitigate environmental pollution.

Impedance and modulus spectroscopy characterization of La^+3/Mn^+4 modified PbTiO_3 nanoceramics

Archana Shukla,R.N.P. Choudhary 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

Nanocrystalline samples of Pb_0.92La_0.08Mn_xTi_(1-x)O_3 (PLMT) (x = 0, 0.04, 0.07, 0.10) were prepared by a high-energy ball-milling followed by a solid-state reaction method. Preliminary high resolution X-ray diffraction technique of PLMT ceramics showed that a single-phase was formed exhibiting a tetragonal crystal structure. The electrical behavior of PLMT ceramics was investigated by the impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range of 35 ℃―500 ℃. This study was carried out by means of the simultaneous analysis of the complex impedance (Z^*) and electrical modulus (M^*) functions from the measurement range of 1 kHz―1 MHz. A separation of the grain and grain boundary properties has been achieved using an equivalent circuit model in impedance analysis. Loss spectra reveal about the presence of temperature-dependent electrical relaxation phenomena in the materials. Modulus analysis provides wider information related to charge transport processes.

Biotechnological Approach to Enhance the Growth and Biomass of Tectona grandis Linn. F. (Teak) Seedlings

Archana Sharma,O.P. Chaubey 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Techn Vol.7 No.1

Bio-fertilizers play a significant and complex role in plant growth of forestry species, which have been proved in the present study. In the present investigation various bio–fertilizers were applied alone and in combination. The growth and biomass response of T. grandis were enhanced due to inoculation of bio- fertilizers. This was primarily due to amelioration of soil pH, organic matter per cent, phosphorus, nitrogen and other nutrients which were assimilated by plants with higher capacity in the presence of microbial inoculants. In neutral pH range (6.5 to 7.5), the bio-fertilizers were found to be more effective. In the case of organic matter effects of bio-fertilizers were found to be more effective with the increase of organic matter in soil. The results revealed that soil organic matter and pH plays an important role in determining plant growth and survival. The bio-fertilizers, which are now in use world wide in integrated plant nutrition system to ameliorate soil condition showed better response for teak in this study.

Thermal treatment for the separation of phosphate and recovery of rare earth metals (REMs) from Korean monazite

Archana Kumari,Rekha Panda,Manis Kumar Jha,이진영,J. Rajesh Kumar,Vinay Kumar 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

Systematic study for thermal decomposition of monazite to remove phosphate as a valuable productusing Na2CO3 and NaOH roasting processes to validate the TG/DTA studies is reported here. Monazite in1:1 wt. ratio with Na2CO3 and NaOH requires a temperature of 900 8C and 400 8C, respectively, for120 min in order to achieve complete conversion of rare earth phosphate into its oxides. The roastedmass was washed, dried and leached in 6 M HCl for 2 h, pulp density 30 g/L at 80 8C which results in>90% REMs recovery. Leach liquor generated will be further processed by solvent extraction andprecipitation processes.

Performance evaluation of different environmental conditions on output characteristics during turning of EN-24 steel

Archana Thakur,Alakesh Manna,Sushant Samir 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.20 No.10

The present study investigated the effect of different machining environments such as dry, wet, cryogenic cooling, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), Al2O3 nanofluids with MQL, CuO nanofluids with MQL and Al–CuO hybrid nanofluids with MQL on machining performance characteristics during turning of EN-24 steel. The nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids were prepared by adding different weight percentages (0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.6 wt%) of Al2O3, CuO and Al–CuO to the soluble oil. The thermal and tribological properties of soluble oil, nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids were analysed. The thermal conductivity of Al–CuO hybrid nanofluids was more compared with Al2O3, CuO nanofluids. The specific heat of Al–CuO hybrid nanofluids was less compared with Al2O3, CuO nanofluids. The comparative analysis of machining performance was done during turning under different environments. Experimental results reveal that the turning performance under Al–CuO hybrid nanofluids with MQL was better as compared to other machining environments.

A TOPOLOGY OF COVID-19 HEALTH MISINFORMATION : A TOPIC MODELING APPROACH

Archana Shinde,Romilla Syed,Hyein Jeong 한국경영정보학회 2021 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11

Misinformation – content that lacks truth, but the motivation of falsehood is uncertain – on social media during a health pandemic presents a major concern for public health. Recently, the vast volume of news and information around COVID-19, which the World Health Organization refers to as “infodemic,” has led to an unprecedented increase of health misinformation woven into the online narrative about the pandemic. Online narratives, particularly on social media platforms, are critical objects of inquiry as narratives are fundamental to how people construct socially shared belief systems, and that can be the primary means to spread health misinformation online. Specifically, in the case of COVID-19, false social media narratives about the origin or unapproved or untested remedies can influence public health attitudes and behavior, potentially costing billions of dollars and numerous lives. For instance, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports a sharp increase in poisoning cases related to cleaners and disinfectants in the US after the COVID-19 outbreak. While social media sites assume responsibility for moderating the platforms towards more meaningful and trustworthy content (for instance, see the joint statement from Facebook, Twitter, Google, YouTube, and others to combat fraud and misinformation about COVID-19), several fact-checking organizations across the world are also devoting their efforts to publish an evidence-based analysis of online narratives to convince audiences of its inauthenticity. However, there is a lack of research on how health misinformation could potentially impact individuals’ attitudes towards the pandemic. To that end, in this study, we develop a topology of health misinformation to understand the health behaviors of individuals.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Laser Ablation Sensitive Triazene Incorporated Epoxy Resin

Archana S. Patole,Jeong-min Hyeon,Jung-Mn Hyun,김태호,Shashikant P. Patole,Dae-Jo Hong,Chang-Bo Lee,Cheol-Ho Choi 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.1

New triazene monomer was synthesized and further employed as a crosslinking agent partner with epoxy matrix using ethyl methyl imidazole as a curing agent in order to investigate the effect of triazene moieties on polymeric properties for laser ablation application. The synthesized triazene monomer was characterized by analytical and spectroscopic methods, while the surface morphology of resist after laser ablation was visualized by optical laser scanning images and scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetrical investigations indicate the loss of nitrogen being the initial thermal decomposition step and exhibit sufficient stabilities for the requirements for laser ablation application. Fourier transform infra-red, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography analyses showed the successful synthesis of triazene. The ablation results from the optical laser scanning images revealed that the etching depth could be controlled by varying the concentration of triazene monomer in the formulation of epoxy. The shear strength analysis revealed that that the shear strength increased with increasing the amount of triazene in the formulation of direct ablation sensitive resist.

Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Seizure Frequency and Epileptiform Discharges in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Meta-Analysis

Archana Mishra,Rituparna Maiti,Biswa Ranjan Mishra,Monalisa Jena,Anand Srinivasan 대한신경과학회 2020 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.16 No.1

Background and Purpose The role of low-frequency repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) has been conflicting and inconclusive in previous clinical trials. This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of rTMS on seizure frequency and epileptiform discharges in DRE. Methods A standard meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42018088544). After performing a comprehensive literature search using specific keywords in MEDLINE, the Cochrane database, and the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP), reviewers assessed the eligibility and extracted data from seven relevant clinical trials. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in the selection, analysis, and reporting of findings. A random-effects model was used to estimate the effect size as the mean difference in seizure frequency and interictal epileptiform discharges between the groups. Quality assessment was performed using a risk-of-bias assessment tool, and a meta- regression was used to identify the variables that probably influenced the effect size. Results The random-effects model analysis revealed a pooled effect size of -5.96 (95% CI= -8.98 to -2.94), significantly favoring rTMS stimulation (p=0.0001) over the control group with regard to seizure frequency. The overall effect size for interictal epileptiform discharges also significantly favored rTMS stimulation (p<0.0001), with an overall effect size of -9.36 (95% CI=-13.24 to -5.47). In the meta-regression, the seizure frequency worsened by 2.00±0.98 (mean±SD, p=0.042) for each week-long lengthening of the posttreatment follow-up period, suggesting that rTMS exerts only a short-term effect. Conclusions This meta-analysis shows that rTMS exerts a significant beneficial effect on DRE by reducing both the seizure frequency and interictal epileptiform discharges. However, the meta-regression revealed only an ephemeral effect of rTMS.