Identification and Characterization of a Novel Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans sp. nov. β-Glucosidase That Transforms Ginsenoside Rb1 into the Rare Gypenosides XVII and LXXV

An, Dong-Shan,Cui, Chang-Hao,Lee, Hyung-Gwan,Wang, Liang,Kim, Sun Chang,Lee, Sung-Taik,Jin, Fengxie,Yu, Hongshan,Chin, Young-Won,Lee, Hyeong-Kyu,Im, Wan-Taek,Kim, Song-Gun American Society for Microbiology 2010 Applied and environmental microbiology Vol.76 No.17

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>A new β-glucosidase from a novel strain of <I>Terrabacter ginsenosidimutans</I> (Gsoil 3082<SUP>T</SUP>) obtained from the soil of a ginseng farm was characterized, and the gene, <I>bgpA</I> (1,947 bp), was cloned in <I>Escherichia coli</I>. The enzyme catalyzed the conversion of ginsenoside Rb1 {3-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol} to the more pharmacologically active rare ginsenosides gypenoside XVII {3-<I>O</I>-β-d-glucopyranosyl-20-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol}, gypenoside LXXV {20-<I>O</I>-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol}, and C-K [20-<I>O</I>-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-20(<I>S</I>)-protopanaxadiol]. A BLAST search of the <I>bgpA</I> sequence revealed significant homology to family 3 glycoside hydrolases. Expressed in <I>E. coli</I>, β-glucosidase had apparent <I>Km</I> values of 4.2 ± 0.8 and 0.14 ± 0.05 mM and <I>V</I>max values of 100.6 ± 17.1 and 329 ± 31 μmol·min<SUP>−1</SUP>·mg of protein<SUP>−1</SUP> against <I>p</I>-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside and Rb1, respectively. The enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of the two glucose moieties attached to the C-3 position of ginsenoside Rb1, and the outer glucose attached to the C-20 position at pH 7.0 and 37°C. These cleavages occurred in a defined order, with the outer glucose of C-3 cleaved first, followed by the inner glucose of C-3, and finally the outer glucose of C-20. These results indicated that BgpA selectively and sequentially converts ginsenoside Rb1 to the rare ginsenosides gypenoside XVII, gypenoside LXXV, and then C-K. Herein is the first report of the cloning and characterization of a novel ginsenoside-transforming β-glucosidase of the glycoside hydrolase family 3.</P>

Influence of Dietary Oligosaccharides on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microbial Populations of Piglets

Shi, Bao-ming,Shan, An-shan,Tong, Jian-ming Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.12

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary oligosaccharides on performance and intestinal microbial populations of piglets. Ten litters of piglets were assigned to five groups randomly, with two litters per group. The control group was fed with corn-soybean basal diet. Oligosaccharides was added to the basal diet at the level of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.35% respectively to form four experimental diets. The experiment was conducted with two periods. The first period (suckling period) was from 7 to 28 days of age and the second period (weanling period) was from 28 to 56 days of age. Fresh fecal samples were collected at 21 days of age and assayed for Escherichia coli concentration, pH and moisture content. Three pigs per group were slaughtered at 42 days of age and cecum, colon, and rectum content samples were collected and assayed immediately for Escherichia coli and Bifidobacterium concentration, pH and moisture content. The results showed that dietary oligosacchrides decreased fecal Escherichia coli population and pH significantly (p 0.05), but did not affect performance and fecal moisture content during suckling period. 0.1% oligosaccharides for weanling pigs increased growth and improved feed conversion ratio together with a reduction of diarrhea (p 0.05), but 0.35% oligosaccharides did not affect growth performance. 0.1% and 0.2% oligosaccharides for weanling pigs had a suppression to Escherichia coli colonization in rectum and an enrichment to Bifidobacterium in colon (p 0.05). Oligosaccharides decreased significantly (p<0.05) rectum moisture content, but did not affect cecum, colon and rectum pH.

Shinella granuli gen. nov., sp. nov., and proposal of the reclassification of Zoogloea ramigera ATCC 19623 as Shinella zoogloeoides sp. nov.

An, Dong-Shan,Im, Wan-Taek,Yang, Hee-Chan,Lee, Sung-Taik Society for General Microbiology 2006 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.56 No.2

<P>The taxonomic position of a novel bacterial strain, Ch06T, isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor was determined. Strain Ch06T was Gram-negative, aerobic, motile and oxidase- and catalase-positive. A comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed a clear affiliation of strain Ch06T to the Alphaproteobacteria and it was most closely related to Zoogloea ramigera ATCC 19623 and Mycoplana dimorpha IAM 13154T (97.9 and 96.3% sequence similarity, respectively). The major respiratory quinone was Q-10 and the predominant fatty acids were C16:0, 3-OH C16:0, C18:0, C19:0 cyclo omega8c and summed feature 7 (C18:1omega7c/omega9t/omega12t, C18:1omega7c/omega9c/omega12t). On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, the novel isolate was assigned to a new genus, Shinella gen. nov., as Shinella granuli gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain Ch06T=KCTC 12237T=JCM 13254T). It is proposed that Zoogloea ramigera ATCC 19623 is reclassified into the novel genus Shinella as Shinella zoogloeoides sp. nov. (type strain ATCC 19623T=IAM 12669T=I-16-MT).</P>

Baekduia soli gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the soil of Baekdu Mountain and proposal of a novel family name, Baekduiaceae fam. nov.

An, Dong-Shan,Siddiqi, Muhammad Zubair,Kim, Kyoung-Ho,Yu, Hong-Shan,Im, Wan-Taek MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA 2018 JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY -SEOUL- Vol.56 No.1

A taxonomic study was conducted on <TEX>$BR7-21^T$</TEX>, a bacterial strain isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in Baekdu Mountain. Comparative studies of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate was most closely related to Conexibacter woesei DSM <TEX>$14684^T$</TEX>, Solirubrobacter pauli ATCC <TEX>$BAA-492^T$</TEX>, Patulibacter minatonensis JCM <TEX>$12834^T$</TEX>, with 93.8%, 92.4%, and 91.5% sequence similarity, respectively; each genus represented a family in the order Solirubrobacterales. Strain <TEX>$BR7-21^T$</TEX> was Gram-reaction positive, non-spore forming, aerobic, non-motile, and short rod-shaped. It grew well on half-strength R2A medium. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 73.9%. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall and the major menaquinones were MK-7(<TEX>$H_4$</TEX>) and MK-8(<TEX>$H_4$</TEX>). The major fatty acids were summarized as (<TEX>$C_{16:1}\;{\omega}7c/iso-C_{15:0}\;2-OH$</TEX>), <TEX>$iso-C_{16:0}$</TEX>, and <TEX>$C_{17:0}$</TEX> cyclo. On the basis of polyphasic evidence, it was proposed that strain <TEX>$BR7-21^T$</TEX> should be placed in a new genus and species, for which the name Baekduia soli gen. nov., sp. nov. was proposed with the type strain <TEX>$BR7-21^T$</TEX> (<TEX>$=KCTC\;22257^T=LMG\;24797^T$</TEX>). The family Baekduiaceae fam. nov. is proposed to encompass the genus Baekduia gen. nov.

Sphingomonas ginsengisoli sp. nov. and Sphingomonas sediminicola sp. nov.

An, Dong-Shan,Liu, Qing-Mei,Lee, Hyung-Gwan,Jung, Mi-Seon,Kim, Sun-Chan,Lee, Sung-Taik,Im, Wan-Taek Society for General Microbiology 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.2

<P>Two novel bacteria, designated strains Gsoil 634(T) and Dae 20(T), were isolated in South Korea from soil of a ginseng field and freshwater sediment, respectively and were characterized by a polyphasic approach to clarify their taxonomic positions. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that, although they probably represented two distinct species (indicated by a sequence similarity of 96.6?%), both strain Gsoil 634(T) and strain Dae 20(T) belonged to the genus Sphingomonas and were most closely related to 'Sphingomonas humi' PB323 (97.8?% and 96.7?% sequence similarity, respectively), Sphingomonas kaistensis PB56(T) (96.8?% and 96.7?%), Sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens TDMA-17(T) (96.6?% and 95.4?%) and Sphingomonas jaspsi TDMA-16(T) (95.6?% and 95.8?%). For both novel strains, the major ubiquinone was Q-10, the major polyamine was homospermidine, the major cellular fatty acids included summed feature 7 (C(18?:?1)ω7c, C(18?:?1)ω9t and/or C(18?:?1)ω12t), C(17?:?1)ω6c and C(16?:?0), and the polar lipids included sphingoglycolipid. These chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of both strains to the genus Sphingomonas. However, the DNA-DNA relatedness value between strain Gsoil 634(T) and 'Sphingomonas humi' PB323(T) was 31?%. Moreover, the results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the phenotypic differentiation of strains Gsoil 634(T) and Dae 20(T) from established members of the genus Sphingomonas. Based on these data, the two isolates represent two novel species in the genus Sphingomonas, for which the names Sphingomonas ginsengisoli sp. nov. (type strain Gsoil 634(T)?=?KCTC 12630(T)?=?DSM 18094(T)?=?LMG 23739(T)) and Sphingomonas sediminicola sp. nov. (type strain Dae 20(T) ?=?KCTC 12629(T)?=?DSM 18106(T)?=?LMG 23592(T)) are proposed.</P>

Segetibacter koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Bacteroidetes, isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in South Korea

An, Dong-Shan,Lee, Hyung-Gwan,Im, Wan-Taek,Liu, Qing-Mei,Lee, Sung-Taik Microbiology Society 2007 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.57 No.8

포스터 발표 : 우수, 중수 및 기타 ; 우수이용시스템의 모니터링 기법

안선복 ( Shan Fu An ),전인배 ( In Bae Jeon ),이창수 ( Chang Soo Lee ),지홍기 ( Hong Kee Jee ) 대한상하수도학회 2006 공동추계 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

과경(跨境)민족과 원주민 취업여성의 가치관 비교연구

안화선(An, Hua Shan),박동훈(Piao, Dong Xun) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2012 디아스포라 연구 Vol.6 No.1

이 연구는 과경민족집단의 가치관 정향을 분석하는데 연구의 중점을 두고 그 연구대상으로 중국조선족 취업여성에 주목하였다. 특히 과경민족으로서의 중국 조선족, 그중에서도 조선족 취업여성들의 가치관 성향이 원주민 성격을 띠고 있는 중국의 한족, 한국 취업여성들에 비해 어떠한 차이를 띠고 있는지에 대해 알아보고자 했다. 상기 목적을 달성하기 위해 설문조사를 토대로 888부 유효설문지를 분석에 사용하였다. 분석결과를 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중국의 조선족, 한족과 한국 취업여성들은 근로가치관에 있어서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다 둘째, 세 집단 취업여성들은 가족가치관 측면에서 대체로 전통적 성향을 나타냈다. 특히 조선족 취업여성들은 가족가치관에 있어서 가장 전통적인 성향을 나타냈다. 셋째, 문화적 성향과 가치관은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. Taking Korean-Chinese female worker as the study object, the research has analyzed the value orientation of transnational ethnics group. Specifically, it has tried to understand the difference on the value orientation between transnational Korean Chinese, especially the Korean-Chinese female worker, and the local female workers in China and Korea. In order to realize the mentioned objective of this research, the author has conducted a survey and 888 usable questionnaires have been used in the process of analysis. And here are final conclusions from the analysis. Firstly, on the issues of working value, certain difference does exist among Korean-Chinese female workers, Chinese and Korean ones. Secondly, all the three groups of female workers have showed traditional family value. Among them, family value of the Korean-Chinese female workers was most traditional. Finally, it was found out that there was certain relationship between culture and value.

중국 ‘사구’(社區)관리 현황과 과제

안화선(An, Hua-shan) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2015 디아스포라 연구 Vol.9 No.2

이 연구는 중국 연변조선족자치주 연길시를 중심으로 설문조사와 인터뷰를 통해 중국 ‘사구(社區)’ 프로그램 운영현황 및 존재하는 문제점에 대해 살펴보았다. 조사 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회복지서비스 부분에서 노인을 대상으로 한 복지서비스가 가장 많이 이루어지고 있었으며, 다음으로 아동, 저소득층, 장애인, 무휼우대 등 순서로 이루어지고 있었다. 둘째, 편의서비스 관련프로그램에서 아파트관리와 관련된 서비스가 가장 많이 제공되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교육서비스 경우 샤강(下崗)인원을 대상으로 한 재취업 교육이 가장 활발히 진행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 문제점으로 볼 때, ‘사구’운영에 있어서 정부의 과도한 간섭 하에 프로그램 운영에 있어서 자주권이 결여되어 있었고, 지역 주민들이 ‘사구’에 대한 인지도가 높지 못하기 때문에 ‘사구’ 기능이 충분히 발휘되고 있지 못하고 있었다. 그 외, ‘사구’ 임직원의 전문성과 운영프로그램의 다양성 결여, 운영 자금 부족 등 문제들도 함께 제기되고 있었다. In this article the status and the existing problems of community construction in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture Yanji City is studied using the method of questionnaire and interview. The results indicate that the community service for the aged people accounts the most proportion of social assistance and social welfare services, followed by service for children, service for low income family, service for disabled, service for preferential treatment; The property management and environmental greening which are part of the service for the convenience of public cover a great proportion; The education of re-employment for laid-off workers is relatively positive in the educational activities. But there still exists many problems, such as: lack of initiative, the resident are lacking in community awareness, low ability of democratic participation, low quality of community workers, unbalanced development of community service items, capital shortage for community service.

Baekduia soli gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the soil of Baekdu Mountain and proposal of a novel family name, Baekduiaceae fam. nov.

Dong-Shan An,Muhammad Zubair Siddiqi,김경호,Hong Shan Yu,임완택 한국미생물학회 2018 The journal of microbiology Vol.56 No.1

A taxonomic study was conducted on BR7-21T, a bacterial strain isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in Baekdu Mountain. Comparative studies of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate was most closely related to Conexibacter woesei DSM 14684T, Solirubrobacter pauli ATCC BAA-492T, Patulibacter minatonensis JCM 12834T, with 93.8%, 92.4%, and 91.5% sequence similarity, respectively; each genus represented a family in the order Solirubrobacterales. Strain BR7-21T was Gram-reaction positive, non-spore forming, aerobic, non-motile, and short rod-shaped. It grew well on half-strength R2A medium. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 73.9%. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall and the major menaquinones were MK-7(H4) and MK-8(H4). The major fatty acids were summarized as (C16:1 ω7c/iso-C15:0 2-OH), iso-C16:0, and C17:0 cyclo. On the basis of polyphasic evidence, it was proposed that strain BR7- 21T should be placed in a new genus and species, for which the name Baekduia soli gen. nov., sp. nov. was proposed with the type strain BR7-21T (= KCTC 22257T = LMG 24797T). The family Baekduiaceae fam. nov. is proposed to encompass the genus Baekduia gen. nov.