Security Pluralism in the Asia-Pacific

Amitav Acharya 동아시아재단 2016 Global Asia Vol.11 No.1

The Imagined Community of East Asia

Amitav Acharya 한국학술연구원 2006 Korea Observer Vol.37 No.3

GUNS AND BUTTER: WHY DO HUMAN SECURITY AND TRADITIONAL SECURITY CO-EXIST IN ASIA?

Amitav Acharya 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2003 Global economic review Vol.32 No.3

This paper examines the concept of human security as it applies to Asia, to challenge the dominance of the national security paradigm in Asia. To understand the concept of human security, we may combine the interdependent understandings of freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom from suffering in times of conflict. In making the distinction between human security and national security, we may highlight the following three important questions: whose security, security against what, and security in which areas.

GUNS AND BUTTER : WHY DO HUMAN SECURITY AND TRADITIONAL SECURITY CO-EXIST IN ASIA?

Acharya, Amitav 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2003 Global economic review Vol.32 No.3

This paper examines the concept of human security as it applies to Asia, in challenging the dominance of the national security paradigm in Asia. To understand the concept of human security, we may combine the interdependent understandings of freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom from suffering in times of conflict. To make the distinction between human security and national security, we may highlight the following three important questions: whose security, security against what, and security in which areas.

THE BUSH DOCTRINE AND ASIAN REGIONAL ORDER : THE PERILS AND PITFALLS OF PREEMPTION

Acharya, Amitav 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2003 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.27 No.4

This article offers a critical perspective on the Bush Doctrine's impact on the Asian, especially Southeast Asian, security order. It proceeds in four parts. The first examines the problematic nature of the Bush Doctrine, such as its deliberate conflation of preemptive and preventive war and its expansive scope as a “grand strategy of transformation.” This is followed by an analysis of the responses of Southeast Asian states to the doctrine. The third part looks at the “imitation” effects of the Bush Doctrine in Asia-Pacific, where it may be reshaping national security strategies of some states such as Australia and Japan. The last part of the paper evaluates how the Bush Doctrine, with its underlying basis in U.S. power dominance in a unipolar global setting, affects the Asian security architecture, particularly the balance between bilateral and multilateral security approaches to regional order.

인간안보 : 동서양 담론

아미타브 아카랴(Amitav Acharya) 고려대학교 일민국제관계연구원 2006 국제관계연구 Vol.11 No.1,2

The paper examines different and competing understandings of human security and stresses the task of reconciling these differences as an important challenge for the advocates of this emerging global norm. It argues that human security is a distinctive notion with strong regional roots for Asian governments, which could provide the foundation for promoting collective human security agenda. While the paper focuses on the perceived tensions between its two salient aspects: "freedom from fear" (more favored in the West) and "freedom from want" (more favored in Asia), it also points out the scholastic challenge in identifying a common conceptual ground. "Freedom from fear" is depicted as the Canadian formulation, which views human security as "security of the people," centering on the human costs of violent conflict whereas "freedom from want," a different understanding of human security developed by Japan, views human security as a way of further protecting the security and rights of each person to ensure the survival and dignity of individuals as human beings in conflict situations. The author notes on several obstacles to the promotion of human security in the Asian Pacific region. On the misgiving that human security is a "Western" political agenda, the author stresses that debates about human security do not fall within an East-West fault-line, and that there are also significant differences over its meaning within each camp. It refutes the view that human security is a "Western" concept, and identifies the Asian contributions to the development of the idea in both its respects. At the same time, the paper argues that human security is not simply "new wine in old bottle." It represents a significant broadening of the notion of "comprehensive security," which privileged regime security. It also departs from the idea of "cooperative security" which did not address the possible tension between individual and state security. In discussing the third barrier to human security in its political (freedom from fear) aspects, the paper examines the difficulties in linking human security with humanitarian intervention, whether hard or soft, given concerns about state sovereignty. The pursuit of human security, through regional collective action would undermine state sovereignty and the doctrine of non-interference, which remains the guiding principle of international relations in the Asia-Pacific region. The paper concludes by highlighting the futility of pursuing human security as freedom from want in the absence of freedom from fear, and pleads for scholars and policy-makers to view the two understandings of human security as being complimentary and mutually-reinforcing. Promoting human security through a need-based approach does not negate the case for pursuing human security as freedom from fear, and a way of reducing the costs of violent conflict, especially in regions such as the Asia Pacific where the danger of conflict, both internal and inter-state, remains very, very real.

Roundtable on Peter J. Katzenstein's Contributions to the Study of East Asian Regionalism

Peter J. Katzenstein,Vinod K. Aggarwal,Min Gyo Koo,Amitav Acharya,Richard Higgott,John Ravenhill 동아시아연구원 2007 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.7 No.3

Over the past decade, Peter J. Katzenstein has made enormous contributions to our theoretical and empirical understanding of Asian economic and security regionalism, which has been manifested by the proliferation of intra- and extra-regional free trade agreements, regional financial institutions, and cooperative regional security dialogues. Katzensteins scholarly works on Asian regionalism and the changing role of Japan have set the pace for research in the field. In this article, a group of distinguished scholars in the field of Asian regionalismVinod K. Aggarwal, Min Gyo Koo, Amitave Acharya, Richard Higgott, and John Ravenhillcritically evaluate Katzensteins approach to the links among Japan, Asian regionalism, and global politics. In response, Katzenstein argues that Asian (and European) regionalism is linked to the American imperium and to core regional states and that regionalism is best studied with an eclectic approach. For him, regionalism is a force that defines security, economic, and cultural dimensions of world politics, thus bringing about a modicum of order therein.

Does Perceived Organizational Politics Mediate the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior? Insights from Bangladesh

AWAL, Md. Rabiul,SAHA, Amitav,ISLAM, Mirajul Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 Asian journal of business environment Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: This study mainly aims to investigate the connection between job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior of bank employee. Another objective of this study is to check out the mediating impact of perceived organizational politics of bank personnel on the connection between their job happiness and citizenship behavior. Research design, data and methodology: Snowball sampling is utilized in this study, which is done among bank personnel at different public and private banks across north-eastern region of Bangladesh as well as information is accumulated through the use of a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire. IBM SPSS v22, Andrew F. Hayes process macro v3.5 and SmartPLS 3 are used to complete descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study results explore that employees' political perception has a negative influence on organizational citizenship behavior where bank employees' job happiness has a positive impact on structural citizenship manners and negative impact on perceived organizational politics. Surprisingly, perceptions of organizational politics were found to have an insignificant mediating effect on the connection between job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusions: The present study reveals that satisfied bank personnel shows positive and constructive actions toward their organization where their political perception has an insignificant mediation.

Does Perceived Organizational Politics Mediate the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior? Insights from Bangladesh

Md. Rabiul AWAL,Amitav SAH,Md. Mirajul ISLAM 한국유통과학회 2022 Asian Journal of Business Environment (AJBE) Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: This study mainly aims to investigate the connection between job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior of bank employee. Another objective of this study is to check out the mediating impact of perceived organizational politics of bank personnel on the connection between their job happiness and citizenship behavior. Research design, data and methodology: Snowball sampling is utilized in this study, which is done among bank personnel at different public and private banks across north-eastern region of Bangladesh as well as information is accumulated through the use of a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire. IBM SPSS v22, Andrew F. Hayes process macro v3.5 and SmartPLS 3 are used to complete descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study results explore that employees’ political perception has a negative influence on organizational citizenship behavior where bank employees’ job happiness has a positive impact on structural citizenship manners and negative impact on perceived organizational politics. Surprisingly, perceptions of organizational politics were found to have an insignificant mediating effect on the connection between job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusions: The present study reveals that satisfied bank personnel shows positive and constructive actions toward their organization where their political perception has an insignificant mediation.